Therapists in Bozeman, MT

Photo of Jessica Lenneman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Jessica Lenneman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
Not accepting new clients
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-recovery work. My areas of expertise include: trauma, abuse, sexual/physical abuse, divorce, conflictual relationships, traumatic life events, and post-partum mood disorders. I also support those with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, school or work struggles, parenting challenges, and difficult life events. I also have extensive background teaching gender identity classes to professionals and working with individuals struggling with their own gender/sexual identity. I also have a special interest in supervising new social workers and counselors, and am currently accepting new.
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-recovery work. My areas of expertise include: trauma, abuse, sexual/physical abuse, divorce, conflictual relationships, traumatic life events, and post-partum mood disorders. I also support those with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, school or work struggles, parenting challenges, and difficult life events. I also have extensive background teaching gender identity classes to professionals and working with individuals struggling with their own gender/sexual identity. I also have a special interest in supervising new social workers and counselors, and am currently accepting new.
(406) 283-3241 View (406) 283-3241
Photo of Melody Jackson, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Melody Jackson
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
Waitlist for new clients
NO CURRENT OPENINGS "If you never heal from what hurt you, you will bleed on people who didn't cut you." Mental health is just as important as physical health and yet we find often ourselves lacking in self care and emotional attention. Maybe you find yourself lashing out at loved ones, or having difficulties communicating effectively within relationships. Maybe you have inner doubts or shame that you have never been able to share in a safe and supportive setting. Maybe you are sick of constantly feeling depressed or anxious with no apparent cause and with minimal hope of change.
NO CURRENT OPENINGS "If you never heal from what hurt you, you will bleed on people who didn't cut you." Mental health is just as important as physical health and yet we find often ourselves lacking in self care and emotional attention. Maybe you find yourself lashing out at loved ones, or having difficulties communicating effectively within relationships. Maybe you have inner doubts or shame that you have never been able to share in a safe and supportive setting. Maybe you are sick of constantly feeling depressed or anxious with no apparent cause and with minimal hope of change.
(406) 306-1596 View (406) 306-1596
Photo of Art and Soul Counseling, LLC, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Art and Soul Counseling, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Hi there. "All of You is Welcome Here". You can Not-Want-To-Come-In for therapy & still give me a call. Your curiosity & your skepticism are welcome. This is often the root of conflict for us, right? There is a part of us that is curious, open to change. Yet as we strive to live in concert with our beliefs & values with high hopes to evolve, to be seen, known & understood some illusive, habituated roadblocks reappear. Welcome to the human dilemma. The good news: we can work with ourselves. Support is necessary from time to time. That's natural (like you).
Hi there. "All of You is Welcome Here". You can Not-Want-To-Come-In for therapy & still give me a call. Your curiosity & your skepticism are welcome. This is often the root of conflict for us, right? There is a part of us that is curious, open to change. Yet as we strive to live in concert with our beliefs & values with high hopes to evolve, to be seen, known & understood some illusive, habituated roadblocks reappear. Welcome to the human dilemma. The good news: we can work with ourselves. Support is necessary from time to time. That's natural (like you).
(406) 282-8270 View (406) 282-8270
Photo of Jenny C McCune, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Jenny C McCune
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
My ideal client is someone who wants to work on their issues. It’s not necessarily with someone who is without concerns about counseling, but someone who feels stuck. It may even be someone who has a sense about how to move forward, but wants some companionship on the road of change. I successfully deal with a physical disability so I often work with people who feel they can’t find a way to overcome their challenges whether it is mental illness, problems coping, physical disability or chronic illness. Generally I help people succeed in getting their lives back or who simply need some help moving forward.
My ideal client is someone who wants to work on their issues. It’s not necessarily with someone who is without concerns about counseling, but someone who feels stuck. It may even be someone who has a sense about how to move forward, but wants some companionship on the road of change. I successfully deal with a physical disability so I often work with people who feel they can’t find a way to overcome their challenges whether it is mental illness, problems coping, physical disability or chronic illness. Generally I help people succeed in getting their lives back or who simply need some help moving forward.
(406) 412-3473 View (406) 412-3473
Photo of Megan Spalding, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Megan Spalding
Counselor, MS, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
My focus is working with individual adults. I support individuals in finding happiness, fulfilment, and balance in their lives by helping them navigate life transitions, dissatisfying relationships, and life stressors. I also specialize in helping people in overcoming issues like anxiety, depression, and attachment trauma.
My focus is working with individual adults. I support individuals in finding happiness, fulfilment, and balance in their lives by helping them navigate life transitions, dissatisfying relationships, and life stressors. I also specialize in helping people in overcoming issues like anxiety, depression, and attachment trauma.
(406) 365-1411 View (406) 365-1411
Photo of Lori R Morgan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Lori R Morgan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LAC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59719
My passion is teaching specific tools to help people heal from the distress of current, past, or multi-generational trauma and any related addictions. I can provide an atmosphere of safety and compassion to assist in expressing, understanding and healing the pain and shame of trauma and addictions; thereby transforming the legacy of pain into a legacy of healing. As a proponent of social justice and anti-racism, I also promote understanding of how we are shaped by community and community is shaped by us through the intersectionality of race, gender, class, and sexuality.
My passion is teaching specific tools to help people heal from the distress of current, past, or multi-generational trauma and any related addictions. I can provide an atmosphere of safety and compassion to assist in expressing, understanding and healing the pain and shame of trauma and addictions; thereby transforming the legacy of pain into a legacy of healing. As a proponent of social justice and anti-racism, I also promote understanding of how we are shaped by community and community is shaped by us through the intersectionality of race, gender, class, and sexuality.
(406) 205-8652 View (406) 205-8652
Photo of Rachel Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Rachel Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, SWLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-informed work. I practice a holistic and integrative approach that incorporates emotion-focused and attachment-based perspectives and is client-centered and based in relationship. My areas of expertise include working with individuals and families, and teens and young adults, as well as anyone interested in exploring and addressing the challenges and successes of being a human in this world.
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-informed work. I practice a holistic and integrative approach that incorporates emotion-focused and attachment-based perspectives and is client-centered and based in relationship. My areas of expertise include working with individuals and families, and teens and young adults, as well as anyone interested in exploring and addressing the challenges and successes of being a human in this world.
(406) 630-6976 View (406) 630-6976
Photo of Dr. Sean Kershaw, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bozeman, MT
Dr. Sean Kershaw
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
It takes a lot to be a person. Perhaps you've lost a loved one, are going through a stressful life transition, or live with regrets. Or maybe you've been hurt by someone you thought was safe to trust. Life can be difficult, and yet hope remains. We thrive most in our relationships and connections with others instead of struggling through life's most painful moments by ourselves. In our work together, I promise to give you my utmost commitment, unwavering support, and care toward helping you heal and grow from your deepest pains and struggles.
It takes a lot to be a person. Perhaps you've lost a loved one, are going through a stressful life transition, or live with regrets. Or maybe you've been hurt by someone you thought was safe to trust. Life can be difficult, and yet hope remains. We thrive most in our relationships and connections with others instead of struggling through life's most painful moments by ourselves. In our work together, I promise to give you my utmost commitment, unwavering support, and care toward helping you heal and grow from your deepest pains and struggles.
(406) 296-5770 View (406) 296-5770
Photo of Sarah Albertson, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Sarah Albertson
Counselor, MS, NCC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
Not accepting new clients
My name is Sarah Albertson, MS, LCPC, and I am a Marriage and Family Counselor here in beautiful Bozeman, MT. As a therapist, I strive to provide a safe, comfortable, and productive environment for my clients to explore traumas, attachment, fears, anxieties and any other concerns and goals they may bring to my office. I strongly believe in empowering clients to see and build on their natural strengths and resiliency, and I would be honored to work alongside you in your journey, wherever life may have taken you to this point.
My name is Sarah Albertson, MS, LCPC, and I am a Marriage and Family Counselor here in beautiful Bozeman, MT. As a therapist, I strive to provide a safe, comfortable, and productive environment for my clients to explore traumas, attachment, fears, anxieties and any other concerns and goals they may bring to my office. I strongly believe in empowering clients to see and build on their natural strengths and resiliency, and I would be honored to work alongside you in your journey, wherever life may have taken you to this point.
(406) 412-3154 View (406) 412-3154
Photo of Bozeman Wellness Counseling PLLC, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Bozeman Wellness Counseling PLLC
Counselor, MS, LCPC, SEP
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
As we walk through our lives, we are faced with many challenges. Sudden, unexpected events such as injuries, illnesses, and losses can happen to us at any given time. In this fast changing world, it is often difficult to have a sense of balance. You may be overwhelmed by restless, negative feelings and thoughts from past or present issues. It takes courage to seek counseling, face your issues, and to take steps towards positive changes. I believe we all have inner abilities to heal and grow. As a therapist, I would be honored to assist you in your individual journey and help you to discover your true potential and life value.
As we walk through our lives, we are faced with many challenges. Sudden, unexpected events such as injuries, illnesses, and losses can happen to us at any given time. In this fast changing world, it is often difficult to have a sense of balance. You may be overwhelmed by restless, negative feelings and thoughts from past or present issues. It takes courage to seek counseling, face your issues, and to take steps towards positive changes. I believe we all have inner abilities to heal and grow. As a therapist, I would be honored to assist you in your individual journey and help you to discover your true potential and life value.
(406) 948-4438 View (406) 948-4438
Photo of Clarity Counseling, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Clarity Counseling
Counselor, MA, LCPC, LPCC-S, NCC, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
When the rhythm of your life is interrupted, establishing a safe connection is the first and foremost goal of treatment. With warmth, creativity, sharp diagnostic minds and effective treatment skills, the clinicians at Clarity Counseling offer a soft place to land, where you can feel confident in the care you receive. We provide treatment options that foster new neural development, create a capacity for deeper connection, and help restore a sense of balance and health to your life and relationships. We offer varied and cutting edge approaches from knowledgable clinicians, and flexible fees to meet your needs.
When the rhythm of your life is interrupted, establishing a safe connection is the first and foremost goal of treatment. With warmth, creativity, sharp diagnostic minds and effective treatment skills, the clinicians at Clarity Counseling offer a soft place to land, where you can feel confident in the care you receive. We provide treatment options that foster new neural development, create a capacity for deeper connection, and help restore a sense of balance and health to your life and relationships. We offer varied and cutting edge approaches from knowledgable clinicians, and flexible fees to meet your needs.
(406) 412-6216 View (406) 412-6216
Photo of Autumn Clowes, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Autumn Clowes
Counselor, MS, LCPC, NBCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
I believe that everyone has within them the capacity for growth and profound strength. However, sometimes we find ourselves stuck in problematic patterns without the insight or support we need to free ourselves. One of the greatest honors of my lifetime is the ongoing opportunity I have to walk alongside my clients as they both deepen their understanding of themselves and rewrite their stories to ones of strength, self-compassion and empowerment.
I believe that everyone has within them the capacity for growth and profound strength. However, sometimes we find ourselves stuck in problematic patterns without the insight or support we need to free ourselves. One of the greatest honors of my lifetime is the ongoing opportunity I have to walk alongside my clients as they both deepen their understanding of themselves and rewrite their stories to ones of strength, self-compassion and empowerment.
(406) 551-1035 View (406) 551-1035
Photo of Ashley E Livers, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Ashley E Livers
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
Waitlist for new clients
The majority of clients who come to me are experiencing many different presenting challenges and are seeking assistance in processing emotions, managing life, in general, or wanting to work through trauma. We all want to navigate life in the best way possible and most of my clients are simply seeking help in becoming a happier, more grounded version of themselves.
The majority of clients who come to me are experiencing many different presenting challenges and are seeking assistance in processing emotions, managing life, in general, or wanting to work through trauma. We all want to navigate life in the best way possible and most of my clients are simply seeking help in becoming a happier, more grounded version of themselves.
(406) 602-0649 View (406) 602-0649
Photo of Katy Fritz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Katy Fritz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
Not accepting new clients
I work with adults (18+), am a Certified First Responder Counselor (CFRC), and am EMDR Trained. I have experience working with people struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, and self-esteem.
I work with adults (18+), am a Certified First Responder Counselor (CFRC), and am EMDR Trained. I have experience working with people struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, and self-esteem.
(406) 205-1969 View (406) 205-1969
Photo of Stacy Ryan, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Bozeman, MT
Stacy Ryan
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
As a therapist working in couples counseling, individual, and trauma-informed care. I am driven by a passion for helping individuals and partnerships navigate the complexities of mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and trauma. I prioritize creating a safe and nurturing environment where couples can explore their emotional landscapes with vulnerability and authenticity. Drawing from evidence-based approaches such as Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Attachment-based Therapy, I work collaboratively with partners to strengthen communication, rebuild trust, and foster deeper emotional connections.
As a therapist working in couples counseling, individual, and trauma-informed care. I am driven by a passion for helping individuals and partnerships navigate the complexities of mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and trauma. I prioritize creating a safe and nurturing environment where couples can explore their emotional landscapes with vulnerability and authenticity. Drawing from evidence-based approaches such as Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Attachment-based Therapy, I work collaboratively with partners to strengthen communication, rebuild trust, and foster deeper emotional connections.
(406) 840-0258 View (406) 840-0258
Photo of Honey Williams, Psychologist in Bozeman, MT
Honey Williams
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715  (Online Only)
I work with clients within an attachment-based/relational framework, which posits that healing and transformation occurs through a safe, authentic, empathically attuned, and responsive therapeutic relationship. From this framework, I tend to integrate several different approaches to therapy. Common to each approach is an emphasis on increasing self-awareness and understanding of yourself, which includes your emotional and relational needs and how you go about trying to meet those needs in either helpful or unhelpful ways.
I work with clients within an attachment-based/relational framework, which posits that healing and transformation occurs through a safe, authentic, empathically attuned, and responsive therapeutic relationship. From this framework, I tend to integrate several different approaches to therapy. Common to each approach is an emphasis on increasing self-awareness and understanding of yourself, which includes your emotional and relational needs and how you go about trying to meet those needs in either helpful or unhelpful ways.
(406) 964-4428 View (406) 964-4428
Photo of Arthur Justin Short, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Arthur Justin Short
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MPH, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) specializing in counseling individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic illness & pain, trauma, & other health concerns. Other primary areas of focus are: life-transitions & adjustment, stress injuries among First Responders, sports-performance, grief & loss, end-of- life care, long-term treatment side-effects, palliative care & pain management, and carepartner stress. Furthermore, I have a Master of Public Health (MPH) which greatly enhances my skill set across a broad range of behavioral health competencies.
I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) specializing in counseling individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic illness & pain, trauma, & other health concerns. Other primary areas of focus are: life-transitions & adjustment, stress injuries among First Responders, sports-performance, grief & loss, end-of- life care, long-term treatment side-effects, palliative care & pain management, and carepartner stress. Furthermore, I have a Master of Public Health (MPH) which greatly enhances my skill set across a broad range of behavioral health competencies.
(406) 961-7203 View (406) 961-7203
Photo of Alana Vosen, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Alana Vosen
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
I use Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) to help individuals identify their attachment needs and help the couple work together to form a more secure bond. With EFT, I will help the couple or individual strengthen their relationships through emotional bonding with their partner/friend/family member.
I use Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) to help individuals identify their attachment needs and help the couple work together to form a more secure bond. With EFT, I will help the couple or individual strengthen their relationships through emotional bonding with their partner/friend/family member.
(406) 412-7005 View (406) 412-7005
Photo of Tony D Silva, Counselor in Bozeman, MT
Tony D Silva
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
Are you satisfied with the quality of your relationships? Most people agree that our life is made infinitely better by close connections and becomes intensely challenging when our relationships are problematic, painful, and unfulfilling. Are you stressed, burdened, frustrated, outraged, or lonely within your relationship with others? Or is the relationship you have with yourself overwhelmed with internal conflict? I can help. My private practice empowers individuals and couples to significantly improve their intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. I foster client authenticity, self-love and self-esteem within individuals and guide couples through conversations that create close connections and secure bonds.
Are you satisfied with the quality of your relationships? Most people agree that our life is made infinitely better by close connections and becomes intensely challenging when our relationships are problematic, painful, and unfulfilling. Are you stressed, burdened, frustrated, outraged, or lonely within your relationship with others? Or is the relationship you have with yourself overwhelmed with internal conflict? I can help. My private practice empowers individuals and couples to significantly improve their intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. I foster client authenticity, self-love and self-esteem within individuals and guide couples through conversations that create close connections and secure bonds.
(406) 206-1296 View (406) 206-1296
Photo of Brandon Kwasnik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bozeman, MT
Brandon Kwasnik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
My motivation for my work stems from my own process and journey of self-acceptance and love. I focus on meeting people where they are and integrating a mind-body connection to increase internal awareness, processing life events, and recognizing needs for future pathways. Specific areas of focus include working with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, and life adjustments. Healing occurs in the presence of others, making it essential for a supportive relationship. With current Covid restrictions, I utilize the outdoors to meet with individuals.
My motivation for my work stems from my own process and journey of self-acceptance and love. I focus on meeting people where they are and integrating a mind-body connection to increase internal awareness, processing life events, and recognizing needs for future pathways. Specific areas of focus include working with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, and life adjustments. Healing occurs in the presence of others, making it essential for a supportive relationship. With current Covid restrictions, I utilize the outdoors to meet with individuals.
(406) 272-8794 View (406) 272-8794

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bozeman, MT

400+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Bozeman, MT who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
81% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
71% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

97% BlueCross and BlueShield
81% PacificSource
81% Allegiance

How Therapists in Bozeman, MT see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bozeman?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.