Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Sara Rabinovitch, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Sara Rabinovitch
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Welcome! It is so nice to meet you. I work best with clients who are motivated to change and looking for a short-term and skills-based approach. You can expect sharp clinical precision, collaboration, deep human kindness, realness, and radical open-mindedness. I am a licensed clinical psychologist and professor at USC Keck School of Medicine. I am also a certified Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) teacher with 15+ years of formal mindfulness training. I specialize in research-supported Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based therapies.
Welcome! It is so nice to meet you. I work best with clients who are motivated to change and looking for a short-term and skills-based approach. You can expect sharp clinical precision, collaboration, deep human kindness, realness, and radical open-mindedness. I am a licensed clinical psychologist and professor at USC Keck School of Medicine. I am also a certified Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) teacher with 15+ years of formal mindfulness training. I specialize in research-supported Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based therapies.
(510) 619-2297 View (510) 619-2297
Photo of Lauren Chester, Art Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lauren Chester
Art Therapist, ATR-BC, LCAT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Lauren Chester (she/they) is a registered and board-certified art therapist (ATR-BC) who is passionate about cultivating environments where people can practice sharing their whole selves. Lauren believes in the process of art as a conduit for communication and expression and is passionate about the use of art to encourage meaningful conversations. Lauren’s practice of Art Therapy has been heavily influenced by the Disability Justice and Healing Justice movements and is non-hierarchical, co-creative, and gender-affirming.
Lauren Chester (she/they) is a registered and board-certified art therapist (ATR-BC) who is passionate about cultivating environments where people can practice sharing their whole selves. Lauren believes in the process of art as a conduit for communication and expression and is passionate about the use of art to encourage meaningful conversations. Lauren’s practice of Art Therapy has been heavily influenced by the Disability Justice and Healing Justice movements and is non-hierarchical, co-creative, and gender-affirming.
(510) 369-4820 View (510) 369-4820
Photo of Sarah Spear, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Sarah Spear
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
Psychotherapy offers us an opportunity to better understand ourselves and to create important and meaningful changes in our lives. It also offers an effective way to address questions and feelings that we may find confusing or painful. I approach this work with empathy, warmth, curiosity, and a collaborative spirit. I tailor my approach to the particular needs of each client, offering both the opportunity to reflect and explore as well as down to earth, pragmatic tools to address difficult feelings or behaviors.
Psychotherapy offers us an opportunity to better understand ourselves and to create important and meaningful changes in our lives. It also offers an effective way to address questions and feelings that we may find confusing or painful. I approach this work with empathy, warmth, curiosity, and a collaborative spirit. I tailor my approach to the particular needs of each client, offering both the opportunity to reflect and explore as well as down to earth, pragmatic tools to address difficult feelings or behaviors.
(510) 399-1891 View (510) 399-1891
Photo of Erica S Wheeler-Dubin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Erica S Wheeler-Dubin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
I am seeking clients who are open to discovering what makes them unique through a creative and imaginative process; Clients whose goals may range from deeper self knowledge, to decreasing experiences with anxiety and depression, to understanding how trauma plays itself out in their relationships, to being able to resource themselves, etc; Clients interested in exploring their strengths as well as their more scary parts. I believe that pain and suffering are normal emotions and healing happens in connection with others; others who can hold and stay with the difficulty and provide curiosity and support.
I am seeking clients who are open to discovering what makes them unique through a creative and imaginative process; Clients whose goals may range from deeper self knowledge, to decreasing experiences with anxiety and depression, to understanding how trauma plays itself out in their relationships, to being able to resource themselves, etc; Clients interested in exploring their strengths as well as their more scary parts. I believe that pain and suffering are normal emotions and healing happens in connection with others; others who can hold and stay with the difficulty and provide curiosity and support.
(510) 683-5650 View (510) 683-5650
Photo of Ellen P Davis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ellen P Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601
Waitlist for new clients
Each person is unique, therefore so are their concerns. I approach therapy based on the individuality of each adult, teen, and child, and their personal needs. Assisting you in working though thought patterns and feelings that are causing you distress is my goal. Being the parent of a tween/teen, you might find yourself looking for answers to questions that allude you. Often there are issues you would like to have a better understanding of, or a way to process them. I will assist you in finding the tools needed for you or your child to live a less stressful and more fulfilling life.
Each person is unique, therefore so are their concerns. I approach therapy based on the individuality of each adult, teen, and child, and their personal needs. Assisting you in working though thought patterns and feelings that are causing you distress is my goal. Being the parent of a tween/teen, you might find yourself looking for answers to questions that allude you. Often there are issues you would like to have a better understanding of, or a way to process them. I will assist you in finding the tools needed for you or your child to live a less stressful and more fulfilling life.
(510) 683-5269 View (510) 683-5269
Photo of Rachel Watkins, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Rachel Watkins
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Most of us will find ourselves struggling at some point. Maybe you are suffering from crushing depression or debilitating anxiety or drowning in waves of grief. Maybe you need help navigating a life transition or important relationship. Some may long to heal past hurts. Or perhaps you are simply overwhelmed by life’s many stressors. It is often at these times that we seek out therapy.
Most of us will find ourselves struggling at some point. Maybe you are suffering from crushing depression or debilitating anxiety or drowning in waves of grief. Maybe you need help navigating a life transition or important relationship. Some may long to heal past hurts. Or perhaps you are simply overwhelmed by life’s many stressors. It is often at these times that we seek out therapy.
(510) 288-3165 View (510) 288-3165
Photo of Cathy Swift Nagel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cathy Swift Nagel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2001, I am deeply committed to supporting the well-being of each client, providing culturally competent services and helping clients improve their quality of life.  I see older and disabled adults, often dealing with chronic illness or a new diagnosis.  I have an extensive history working in medical settings and am also available to assist caregivers with navigating the health care system. I believe that positive change is possible at any age and at any juncture in a person's life.  I believe you can have a more fulfilling life, and I can help you.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2001, I am deeply committed to supporting the well-being of each client, providing culturally competent services and helping clients improve their quality of life.  I see older and disabled adults, often dealing with chronic illness or a new diagnosis.  I have an extensive history working in medical settings and am also available to assist caregivers with navigating the health care system. I believe that positive change is possible at any age and at any juncture in a person's life.  I believe you can have a more fulfilling life, and I can help you.
(415) 715-1807 View (415) 715-1807
Photo of Kente L Wiggins, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Kente L Wiggins
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
(510) 240-8672 View (510) 240-8672
Photo of Athenia Teng, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Athenia Teng
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
My therapeutic style is rooted in the belief that everyone deserves to be seen and understood. Whatever the challenges, I believe in our abilities to become self-aware and connect deeper with ourselves, our patterns, and those around us. I aim to co-create a caring and supportive space for you, where you can feel accepted and affirmed. Together, we’ll work in ways that are in-depth and practical, discover the strengths that are already within you, and move towards greater health, wellness, pleasure, and joy.
My therapeutic style is rooted in the belief that everyone deserves to be seen and understood. Whatever the challenges, I believe in our abilities to become self-aware and connect deeper with ourselves, our patterns, and those around us. I aim to co-create a caring and supportive space for you, where you can feel accepted and affirmed. Together, we’ll work in ways that are in-depth and practical, discover the strengths that are already within you, and move towards greater health, wellness, pleasure, and joy.
(510) 544-8108 View (510) 544-8108
Photo of Marvin Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Marvin Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Not accepting new clients
Hello. Do you have concerns about feeling tired, overwhelmed, unmotivated,or anxious? Are you feeling concerned, stressed and worried about your lack of energy on a daily basis. First of all you are not alone. I am available to assist and address your concerns. As a psychotherapist with many years of experience, I see myself as an interactive therapist and I provide support and practical feedback to my clients.
Hello. Do you have concerns about feeling tired, overwhelmed, unmotivated,or anxious? Are you feeling concerned, stressed and worried about your lack of energy on a daily basis. First of all you are not alone. I am available to assist and address your concerns. As a psychotherapist with many years of experience, I see myself as an interactive therapist and I provide support and practical feedback to my clients.
(510) 692-9674 View (510) 692-9674
Photo of Richard Peng, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Richard Peng
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Mental health affects us all in big and small ways – it’s present in everything we do and every day of our lives. It can be overwhelming at times, but it is not something anyone has to do on their own. Therapy is a place to lift that burden off your shoulders and shape your old ineffective behaviors into new meaningful next steps. If you're wanting to learn how to better understand your emotions, tame your thoughts, stress, and worries, build healthier relationships, and live a more fulfilling life, then you're in the right place.
Mental health affects us all in big and small ways – it’s present in everything we do and every day of our lives. It can be overwhelming at times, but it is not something anyone has to do on their own. Therapy is a place to lift that burden off your shoulders and shape your old ineffective behaviors into new meaningful next steps. If you're wanting to learn how to better understand your emotions, tame your thoughts, stress, and worries, build healthier relationships, and live a more fulfilling life, then you're in the right place.
(415) 214-8747 View (415) 214-8747
Photo of Mickey P Marshall, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Mickey P Marshall
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
Selecting the right therapist is essential- here is some information about me and my practice to help inform your decision. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 15 years of experience working with children and adolescents. I work collaboratively with parents in creation of goals and throughout the course of treatment. Through play I help children to; express difficult feelings, resolve internal conflicts, learn adaptive ways to cope, and to develop resiliency. I offer free phone consultations in order to help determine if I am the right therapist for your child.
Selecting the right therapist is essential- here is some information about me and my practice to help inform your decision. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 15 years of experience working with children and adolescents. I work collaboratively with parents in creation of goals and throughout the course of treatment. Through play I help children to; express difficult feelings, resolve internal conflicts, learn adaptive ways to cope, and to develop resiliency. I offer free phone consultations in order to help determine if I am the right therapist for your child.
(510) 463-1609 View (510) 463-1609
Photo of Adele Markey, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Adele Markey
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
At some point in their lives, most people deal with emotional, mental, and relationship challenges. Maybe you are feeling down or empty. Perhaps you feel constantly stressed and anxious. You might be having difficulties with family, partners, friends, or colleagues. Or maybe you feel out of touch with your work, your passions, or even yourself. You are not alone. Therapy can help you work through challenging life experiences, both past and present, to help you feel better and to accomplish your goals. I believe that we heal through our relationships with others, and I want to provide this kind of healing relationship for you.
At some point in their lives, most people deal with emotional, mental, and relationship challenges. Maybe you are feeling down or empty. Perhaps you feel constantly stressed and anxious. You might be having difficulties with family, partners, friends, or colleagues. Or maybe you feel out of touch with your work, your passions, or even yourself. You are not alone. Therapy can help you work through challenging life experiences, both past and present, to help you feel better and to accomplish your goals. I believe that we heal through our relationships with others, and I want to provide this kind of healing relationship for you.
(510) 973-4072 View (510) 973-4072
Photo of Elisa Chaves, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Elisa Chaves
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about supporting children, adults and families to improve their communication, emotional connections and self-esteem. My approach is warm, interactive and strength-based. I have experience working with children and adults going through divorce, traumatic experiences, conflicts, challenges with self-regulation, as well as parenting difficulties and behavioral problems. I support my clients through life transitions, the process of acculturation and belonging, anxiety, depression or seeking any type of emotional healing from current or past experiences.
I am passionate about supporting children, adults and families to improve their communication, emotional connections and self-esteem. My approach is warm, interactive and strength-based. I have experience working with children and adults going through divorce, traumatic experiences, conflicts, challenges with self-regulation, as well as parenting difficulties and behavioral problems. I support my clients through life transitions, the process of acculturation and belonging, anxiety, depression or seeking any type of emotional healing from current or past experiences.
(510) 757-9413 View (510) 757-9413
Photo of Talia Chanoff, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Talia Chanoff
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602
I am here to be present with you as you explore and process how the vast injustices in the world may be affecting your internal states. Together we can examine the question: Is there something “wrong” with me as an individual, or do we live in an inequitable society that causes emotional and often generational trauma? Our trauma can lead to behaviors that do not ultimately serve us or align with our core values—but there is room to heal. Your ancestral roots, intersecting identities, and cultural practices are an honor for me to make space for in our work together.
I am here to be present with you as you explore and process how the vast injustices in the world may be affecting your internal states. Together we can examine the question: Is there something “wrong” with me as an individual, or do we live in an inequitable society that causes emotional and often generational trauma? Our trauma can lead to behaviors that do not ultimately serve us or align with our core values—but there is room to heal. Your ancestral roots, intersecting identities, and cultural practices are an honor for me to make space for in our work together.
(415) 319-9235 View (415) 319-9235
Photo of Tonya Dowding, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Tonya Dowding
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
I find it effective to combine behavioral solutions with depth work. Since the unconscious ripples into all aspects of life, I have found that relational therapy addressing unconscious motives can help with most psychological difficulties. In addition to working with individuals, couples & families, I am adjunct faculty at the California Institute of Integral Studies where I teach in the Masters in Counseling Psychology Department and Psychological Services Clinic.
I find it effective to combine behavioral solutions with depth work. Since the unconscious ripples into all aspects of life, I have found that relational therapy addressing unconscious motives can help with most psychological difficulties. In addition to working with individuals, couples & families, I am adjunct faculty at the California Institute of Integral Studies where I teach in the Masters in Counseling Psychology Department and Psychological Services Clinic.
(628) 333-6616 View (628) 333-6616
Photo of Cameo Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cameo Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I specialize in working with transitional-age youth and young adults age 14 and up. I guide each session with a social justice and trauma-informed lens to support your mental, emotional, and social development. This includes supporting you in managing practical life challenges such as education, employment, and interpersonal communication, as well as more complex obstacles like imposter syndrome, financial values, and intimate relationship dynamics/composition. If you are interested in beginning your journey toward becoming more a confident, introspective, emotionally balanced individual, I will be here every step of the way.
I specialize in working with transitional-age youth and young adults age 14 and up. I guide each session with a social justice and trauma-informed lens to support your mental, emotional, and social development. This includes supporting you in managing practical life challenges such as education, employment, and interpersonal communication, as well as more complex obstacles like imposter syndrome, financial values, and intimate relationship dynamics/composition. If you are interested in beginning your journey toward becoming more a confident, introspective, emotionally balanced individual, I will be here every step of the way.
(510) 936-7611 View (510) 936-7611
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 943-1903 View (415) 943-1903
Photo of Heather (Dez) Valdez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Heather (Dez) Valdez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Are you nervous or hesitant to start therapy because you might not find a therapist you can relate with? Or, maybe you've tried several things to help how you've been feeling but it hasn’t quite helped enough, so it feels discouraging. You may be fed up with feeling misunderstood, unseen, disconnected, worrying too much, stretching beyond your boundaries, or like you will never feel better. Things have been hard lately, and you’re ready to feel something different. You’re ready to find more ease, build confidence, and live more in alignment with your values.
Are you nervous or hesitant to start therapy because you might not find a therapist you can relate with? Or, maybe you've tried several things to help how you've been feeling but it hasn’t quite helped enough, so it feels discouraging. You may be fed up with feeling misunderstood, unseen, disconnected, worrying too much, stretching beyond your boundaries, or like you will never feel better. Things have been hard lately, and you’re ready to feel something different. You’re ready to find more ease, build confidence, and live more in alignment with your values.
(510) 767-0239 View (510) 767-0239
Photo of Laura Bai, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Laura Bai
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
Waitlist for new clients
You can be free from the patterns and struggles that keep you from living fully, authentically, joyfully. You may be feeling stuck or overwhelmed by recent challenges or past traumas. Wherever you are in your journey, I can provide you with the support and tools to stay present while addressing ongoing issues such as anxiety, depression, limiting self-beliefs, harmful behaviors, or painful cycles in relationships. As we attend to these issues with compassion, you will begin to heal the disconnection from self, relationship wounds, family dynamics, and trauma that may be at the root of these struggles.
You can be free from the patterns and struggles that keep you from living fully, authentically, joyfully. You may be feeling stuck or overwhelmed by recent challenges or past traumas. Wherever you are in your journey, I can provide you with the support and tools to stay present while addressing ongoing issues such as anxiety, depression, limiting self-beliefs, harmful behaviors, or painful cycles in relationships. As we attend to these issues with compassion, you will begin to heal the disconnection from self, relationship wounds, family dynamics, and trauma that may be at the root of these struggles.
(510) 401-3195 View (510) 401-3195

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.