Therapists in Berkeley, CA

Photo of Sharon Stafanson, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Sharon Stafanson
Psychologist, PsyD, RYT 200
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I utilize an integrated approach that considers body, mind, emotions, and spirit. This approach involves embarking on a journey with you in which I bring my entire presence to hold you with deep care, non-judgment, and a playful sense of humor. As you share your experiences with me, I will wholeheartedly attune to you with both my inner knowing and acquired knowledge and skills. I draw from decades of study of diverse therapeutic modalities, eastern wisdom traditions, nature, and personal life experience. ​ I honor your unique strengths and capabilities and recognize that we are all at various points in the process of evolving.
I utilize an integrated approach that considers body, mind, emotions, and spirit. This approach involves embarking on a journey with you in which I bring my entire presence to hold you with deep care, non-judgment, and a playful sense of humor. As you share your experiences with me, I will wholeheartedly attune to you with both my inner knowing and acquired knowledge and skills. I draw from decades of study of diverse therapeutic modalities, eastern wisdom traditions, nature, and personal life experience. ​ I honor your unique strengths and capabilities and recognize that we are all at various points in the process of evolving.
(510) 822-8809 View (510) 822-8809
Photo of Mary C Walsh, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Mary C Walsh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MTS, LMFT, DMin
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94710
I offer therapy for individuals, couples and families wanting to improve communication and develop more satisfying relationships. I have special experience in trauma and addiction. As a long-time practitioner, my approach has evolved to integrate contemporary psychology with mind/body techniques and research-based interventions. My goal is to provide a safe place, a compassionate presence, intelligent diagnosis, and concrete strategies to help my clients tap into and strengthen their own natural inner resources.
I offer therapy for individuals, couples and families wanting to improve communication and develop more satisfying relationships. I have special experience in trauma and addiction. As a long-time practitioner, my approach has evolved to integrate contemporary psychology with mind/body techniques and research-based interventions. My goal is to provide a safe place, a compassionate presence, intelligent diagnosis, and concrete strategies to help my clients tap into and strengthen their own natural inner resources.
(510) 417-3441 View (510) 417-3441
Photo of Ajay Deven Dave, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Ajay Deven Dave
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94702
I use my extensive somatic training to help my clients build more capacity to be with and understand their feelings so that they can be in charge of their lives instead of their feelings pushing them around. I help clients with issues ranging from social anxiety, relationship challenges, depression, sleep issues, chronic pain, navigating difficult family and work environments, finding and focusing on their passion in life, and dealing with the traumatic state of the world.
I use my extensive somatic training to help my clients build more capacity to be with and understand their feelings so that they can be in charge of their lives instead of their feelings pushing them around. I help clients with issues ranging from social anxiety, relationship challenges, depression, sleep issues, chronic pain, navigating difficult family and work environments, finding and focusing on their passion in life, and dealing with the traumatic state of the world.
(510) 255-5910 View (510) 255-5910
Photo of Jennifer Jiries, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Jennifer Jiries
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
My approach as a therapist is affirming, collaborative, Strengths-Based, and tailored to each client I work with. I focus on providing a judgment-free zone so that clients have space and support to work on their personal goals. I hope to build a strong relationship with each client because I believe that a strong relationship is important to our ability to work together and helps to strengthen the client's ability to reach their goals. Therapy can sometimes be hard work and often means facing difficult experiences from our past. My hope is that I am providing a space where the client never feels alone in the process.
My approach as a therapist is affirming, collaborative, Strengths-Based, and tailored to each client I work with. I focus on providing a judgment-free zone so that clients have space and support to work on their personal goals. I hope to build a strong relationship with each client because I believe that a strong relationship is important to our ability to work together and helps to strengthen the client's ability to reach their goals. Therapy can sometimes be hard work and often means facing difficult experiences from our past. My hope is that I am providing a space where the client never feels alone in the process.
(415) 360-7870 View (415) 360-7870
Photo of Anna M Musco, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Anna M Musco
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94703
Damaged relationships with the world and our families can affect us deeply throughout our lives leaving us feeling isolated, uncomfortable in our bodies and generally unsafe. Our energy begins to decline along with our enthusiasm for life. Its confusing. We quietly stonewall everything and everyone while wishing for the right partner, right career and right friends. Feelings of insecurity, loneliness or shame can spiral into deep bouts of depression, acting out, despair and suicide. Prioritizing the needs of everyone else can lead to unhealthy behaviors and choices supplanting authenticity and joy, while swapping virtual reality for real relationships and happiness.
Damaged relationships with the world and our families can affect us deeply throughout our lives leaving us feeling isolated, uncomfortable in our bodies and generally unsafe. Our energy begins to decline along with our enthusiasm for life. Its confusing. We quietly stonewall everything and everyone while wishing for the right partner, right career and right friends. Feelings of insecurity, loneliness or shame can spiral into deep bouts of depression, acting out, despair and suicide. Prioritizing the needs of everyone else can lead to unhealthy behaviors and choices supplanting authenticity and joy, while swapping virtual reality for real relationships and happiness.
(510) 466-1346 View (510) 466-1346
Photo of Nancy Compton, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Nancy Compton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94709  (Online Only)
You really can have a life where you feel more connected, self assured, happier and at peace. You probably have been struggling for awhile and now you are ready to courageously face the difficulties that have kept you from living your best life. Your difficulties may stem from an unsatisfying relationship, unfulfilling job, or a history of trauma.
You really can have a life where you feel more connected, self assured, happier and at peace. You probably have been struggling for awhile and now you are ready to courageously face the difficulties that have kept you from living your best life. Your difficulties may stem from an unsatisfying relationship, unfulfilling job, or a history of trauma.
(341) 444-2059 View (341) 444-2059
Photo of Rachel Eisenstat, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Berkeley, CA
Rachel Eisenstat
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, APCC, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
I work with clients who are experiencing low self esteem and anxiety, who are ready to create a relationship with themselves and the world from a place of security and authenticity. Using a trauma-informed, and somatic-based approach, I aim to support your innate capacity to heal by uplifting your strengths and prioritizing your internal sense of safety and belonging. By utilizing interpersonal, and body-based practices to help self-soothe, you can build resilience in the face of challenge and overwhelm, feel more connected, and build secure, compassionate relationships with yourself, your past, and others.
I work with clients who are experiencing low self esteem and anxiety, who are ready to create a relationship with themselves and the world from a place of security and authenticity. Using a trauma-informed, and somatic-based approach, I aim to support your innate capacity to heal by uplifting your strengths and prioritizing your internal sense of safety and belonging. By utilizing interpersonal, and body-based practices to help self-soothe, you can build resilience in the face of challenge and overwhelm, feel more connected, and build secure, compassionate relationships with yourself, your past, and others.
(341) 888-7682 x502 View (341) 888-7682 x502
Photo of Donna Rebecca Gans, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Donna Rebecca Gans
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94709
When challenges, pain and loss insist themselves into our lives, we are left with two options. We can work hard to protect ourselves, harden up, soldier through and try our best not to get hurt again. Or we can feel our way through the breaking down, we can get curious, and allow ourselves to soften and move into our broken heartedness. Sometimes it seems as though we have a choice about whether to move forward in our lives. And then there are those times when it's clear we can't continue in the same way.
When challenges, pain and loss insist themselves into our lives, we are left with two options. We can work hard to protect ourselves, harden up, soldier through and try our best not to get hurt again. Or we can feel our way through the breaking down, we can get curious, and allow ourselves to soften and move into our broken heartedness. Sometimes it seems as though we have a choice about whether to move forward in our lives. And then there are those times when it's clear we can't continue in the same way.
(510) 560-3421 View (510) 560-3421
Photo of H. Ameeta Singh - Online Video Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
H. Ameeta Singh - Online Video Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
I work with clients to cultivate deeper insight & understanding about the ways in which our life experiences & ways of being in the world impact our choices & behaviors. In working this way I have found that clients feel empowered to make changes to unhealthy behaviors & create proactive coping strategies for managing situations they may not, as yet, be able to change. I draw upon clients' strengths, culture, spirituality & community as a means of facilitating healing, empowerment & change. My therapeutic approach is grounded in anti-racist and social justice principles.
I work with clients to cultivate deeper insight & understanding about the ways in which our life experiences & ways of being in the world impact our choices & behaviors. In working this way I have found that clients feel empowered to make changes to unhealthy behaviors & create proactive coping strategies for managing situations they may not, as yet, be able to change. I draw upon clients' strengths, culture, spirituality & community as a means of facilitating healing, empowerment & change. My therapeutic approach is grounded in anti-racist and social justice principles.
(415) 723-4309 View (415) 723-4309
Photo of Jody Roberts, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Jody Roberts
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, 37412
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707  (Online Only)
I custom-tailor the therapeutic process to suit your individual needs. Together, we will set goals for your healing. I will encourage you to draw upon your own strengths and life experience by learning to trust yourself and your intuition.
I custom-tailor the therapeutic process to suit your individual needs. Together, we will set goals for your healing. I will encourage you to draw upon your own strengths and life experience by learning to trust yourself and your intuition.
(510) 417-4209 View (510) 417-4209
Photo of Dr. Britni Snow, Psychological Associate in Berkeley, CA
Dr. Britni Snow
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
At some point in our lives, many of us may feel lost, uncertain, or unhappy. During these tough times, therapy can be incredibly helpful in assisting us to move forward and find contentment in our lives. My aim is to provide you with supportive and collaborative guidance along with a safe and non-judgmental space where you can be your authentic self. I approach therapy with warmth, openness, and empathy, and my hope is to make you feel heard and understood. Additionally, as an adjunct faculty member at the Wright Institute, I stay up-to-date with the latest research and clinical knowledge and supervise clinicians in training.
At some point in our lives, many of us may feel lost, uncertain, or unhappy. During these tough times, therapy can be incredibly helpful in assisting us to move forward and find contentment in our lives. My aim is to provide you with supportive and collaborative guidance along with a safe and non-judgmental space where you can be your authentic self. I approach therapy with warmth, openness, and empathy, and my hope is to make you feel heard and understood. Additionally, as an adjunct faculty member at the Wright Institute, I stay up-to-date with the latest research and clinical knowledge and supervise clinicians in training.
(510) 288-3034 View (510) 288-3034
Photo of Yashu Jiang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Yashu Jiang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94709
I work with adolescents, adults, and couples seeking insight, self-knowledge, and healthier, more fulfilling relationships. Many of my clients are immigrants or children of immigrants from families where mental health and therapy are not routine topics of conversation. Coming to therapy can feel strange and intimidating. I strive to provide a warm and supportive space for clients to face the things in their lives that are distressing, to confront painful aspects of themselves and their pasts, and make positive and lasting changes.
I work with adolescents, adults, and couples seeking insight, self-knowledge, and healthier, more fulfilling relationships. Many of my clients are immigrants or children of immigrants from families where mental health and therapy are not routine topics of conversation. Coming to therapy can feel strange and intimidating. I strive to provide a warm and supportive space for clients to face the things in their lives that are distressing, to confront painful aspects of themselves and their pasts, and make positive and lasting changes.
(510) 391-5768 View (510) 391-5768
Photo of Susan Futterman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Susan Futterman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I am primarily focused on working with bereaved individuals and/or families who have lost someone to suicide as well as working with individuals who have made suicide attempts in the past or are considering an attempt. In addition, I work with individuals dealing with emotional/psychological trauma of all types, as well as with depression and grief. I also have experience working with people dealing with challenges such as bipolar disorder. I provide both individual and group therapy.
I am primarily focused on working with bereaved individuals and/or families who have lost someone to suicide as well as working with individuals who have made suicide attempts in the past or are considering an attempt. In addition, I work with individuals dealing with emotional/psychological trauma of all types, as well as with depression and grief. I also have experience working with people dealing with challenges such as bipolar disorder. I provide both individual and group therapy.
(415) 870-8056 View (415) 870-8056
Photo of Diane Swirsky, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Diane Swirsky
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I think of psychotherapy as a collaborative process and my style is interactive and engaged. I value people's strengths and maintain an open, empathic and non-judgmental position. Every individual and couple comes to therapy with unique needs, desires and history; so there is no one "right" way to work with everyone. Together the client and I determine what is most likely to be helpful. I have over 25 years experience treating all sorts of people, but I have a particular specialty in treating trauma and abuse survivors.
I think of psychotherapy as a collaborative process and my style is interactive and engaged. I value people's strengths and maintain an open, empathic and non-judgmental position. Every individual and couple comes to therapy with unique needs, desires and history; so there is no one "right" way to work with everyone. Together the client and I determine what is most likely to be helpful. I have over 25 years experience treating all sorts of people, but I have a particular specialty in treating trauma and abuse survivors.
(510) 567-4797 View (510) 567-4797
Photo of Jaclyn Neddenriep, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Jaclyn Neddenriep
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
Many of us don’t seek help or try to make changes until something becomes so uncomfortable that we can’t bear to stay the same. My goal is to help you make positive and lasting changes that ultimately result in decreased distress and help you live a more meaningful and present-focused life. I take a nonjudgmental and holistic approach by helping you to address problem areas that have caused you distress. I do this by providing a supportive and safe environment for you to explore what is inhibiting you from living aligned with your values and collaborating with you on how to identify flexible approaches to meeting your goals.
Many of us don’t seek help or try to make changes until something becomes so uncomfortable that we can’t bear to stay the same. My goal is to help you make positive and lasting changes that ultimately result in decreased distress and help you live a more meaningful and present-focused life. I take a nonjudgmental and holistic approach by helping you to address problem areas that have caused you distress. I do this by providing a supportive and safe environment for you to explore what is inhibiting you from living aligned with your values and collaborating with you on how to identify flexible approaches to meeting your goals.
(415) 941-0351 View (415) 941-0351
Photo of Rachel A Erwin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Rachel A Erwin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I am passionate about supporting people to quickly move through psychological blocks that create stress and stop the flow of creative, productive energy. I focus on facilitating freedom from anxiety and depression created by past experiences, opening the mind to what is present and possible, instead of old and no longer useful. I work extensively with the therapeutic technique known as EMDR, which is clinically proven to be an effective treatment for Anxiety/Depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. I am an EMDRIA approved Consultant and a Trainer for the Trauma Recovery Humanitarian Assistance Program. www.emdrhap.org
I am passionate about supporting people to quickly move through psychological blocks that create stress and stop the flow of creative, productive energy. I focus on facilitating freedom from anxiety and depression created by past experiences, opening the mind to what is present and possible, instead of old and no longer useful. I work extensively with the therapeutic technique known as EMDR, which is clinically proven to be an effective treatment for Anxiety/Depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. I am an EMDRIA approved Consultant and a Trainer for the Trauma Recovery Humanitarian Assistance Program. www.emdrhap.org
(510) 863-4970 View (510) 863-4970
Photo of Patricia Dallacroce, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Patricia Dallacroce
Marriage & Family Therapist, JD, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
For therapy to work, you must feel safe enough to express your most distressing feelings and thoughts. It is essential that you feel heard, seen, and understood. Your therapist must be able to accompany you, with knowledge, safety and empathy, through the depths of your pain to transformance. I strive to be that kind of therapist for my clients. Before becoming a therapist, I practiced law for 14 years in a large metropolitan law firm. I became a therapist because therapy was personally transformative for me and because I passionately believe that therapy can be life-changing.
For therapy to work, you must feel safe enough to express your most distressing feelings and thoughts. It is essential that you feel heard, seen, and understood. Your therapist must be able to accompany you, with knowledge, safety and empathy, through the depths of your pain to transformance. I strive to be that kind of therapist for my clients. Before becoming a therapist, I practiced law for 14 years in a large metropolitan law firm. I became a therapist because therapy was personally transformative for me and because I passionately believe that therapy can be life-changing.
(925) 521-8826 View (925) 521-8826
Photo of Marsha Hiller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Marsha Hiller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94709
I have been licensed as an MFT working somatically, for over 30 years. I'm interested in what isn't working in your present life that brings you to therapy, what is unresolved from past relationships that you'd like to clear up, and what comes up in our relationship as we get to know one another. These facets help us create a complex experience which can transform old stuck patterns. Through the lens of my somatic training, clients can include their felt experiences in their bodies as an additional resource for exploring and understanding themselves. I also use a feminist and social justice orientation.
I have been licensed as an MFT working somatically, for over 30 years. I'm interested in what isn't working in your present life that brings you to therapy, what is unresolved from past relationships that you'd like to clear up, and what comes up in our relationship as we get to know one another. These facets help us create a complex experience which can transform old stuck patterns. Through the lens of my somatic training, clients can include their felt experiences in their bodies as an additional resource for exploring and understanding themselves. I also use a feminist and social justice orientation.
(510) 788-2856 View (510) 788-2856
Photo of Ashley Basualdo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Ashley Basualdo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , PPSC
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94720  (Online Only)
I am a bilingual English and Spanish-speaking, bicultural (Chilena) clinical social worker. I received my BA in Psychology and Education from UC Santa Cruz, and completed my master’s in social work at UC Berkeley.I utilize a variety of treatment modalities and interventions including: motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, and mindfulness.
I am a bilingual English and Spanish-speaking, bicultural (Chilena) clinical social worker. I received my BA in Psychology and Education from UC Santa Cruz, and completed my master’s in social work at UC Berkeley.I utilize a variety of treatment modalities and interventions including: motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, and mindfulness.
View
Photo of Lynn Winsten, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Lynn Winsten
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94706
The problems you might be facing may have to do with love and loss, difficulty with friendships, and/or work relations, career decisions, trauma or abuse, physical illness or disabilities. You may be dealing with loneliness, anxiety or depression. I am a down to earth, no nonsense kind of person, I am also kind, respectful, compassionate, and at times funny. I listen well and am very devoted to my work.
The problems you might be facing may have to do with love and loss, difficulty with friendships, and/or work relations, career decisions, trauma or abuse, physical illness or disabilities. You may be dealing with loneliness, anxiety or depression. I am a down to earth, no nonsense kind of person, I am also kind, respectful, compassionate, and at times funny. I listen well and am very devoted to my work.
(510) 892-2779 View (510) 892-2779

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berkeley, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in Berkeley, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
73% Grief
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aetna
39% Cigna and Evernorth
38% Other

How Therapists in Berkeley, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berkeley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.