Therapists in Berkeley, CA

Photo of Debra Milinsky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Debra Milinsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
Every journey.. your first thought to call a therapist when you need to talk to someone, begins with a single step. When anxiety, depression, stress, personal, family, work relationship problems lead you to reach out, I will listen and help you find the best way through. Experienced licensed psychotherapist, 40+ years in general psychotherapy practice, I provide a safe place to talk, explore, resolve, heal what is challenging or troubling. I bring compassion, perceptiveness combined with patience, curiosity and many years of knowledge and skill to our collaboration to help you find effective solutions and make better life choices.
Every journey.. your first thought to call a therapist when you need to talk to someone, begins with a single step. When anxiety, depression, stress, personal, family, work relationship problems lead you to reach out, I will listen and help you find the best way through. Experienced licensed psychotherapist, 40+ years in general psychotherapy practice, I provide a safe place to talk, explore, resolve, heal what is challenging or troubling. I bring compassion, perceptiveness combined with patience, curiosity and many years of knowledge and skill to our collaboration to help you find effective solutions and make better life choices.
(510) 761-5931 View (510) 761-5931
Photo of Rebecca Bluestone Epstein, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Rebecca Bluestone Epstein
Psychologist, DMH, MFT, MS, EdM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
I am a Berkeley clinical psychologist who has been in practice for forty two years. I see children, adolescents, adults, couples/families who are seeking help for relationship problems, depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress, losses and life transitions. I am known for my excellent dedicated patient care, warmth, trustworthiness, problem solving and good sound advice. I provide a supportive environment to enhance healing and change. I enjoy working with business leaders and helping employees with work related difficulties.
I am a Berkeley clinical psychologist who has been in practice for forty two years. I see children, adolescents, adults, couples/families who are seeking help for relationship problems, depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress, losses and life transitions. I am known for my excellent dedicated patient care, warmth, trustworthiness, problem solving and good sound advice. I provide a supportive environment to enhance healing and change. I enjoy working with business leaders and helping employees with work related difficulties.
(510) 379-4784 View (510) 379-4784
Photo of Leslie C Bell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Leslie C Bell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
If you're here you may be feeling stuck, frustrated, unfulfilled, and uncertain about what to do. Try as we might, we often can't make changes in the areas of life that matter most to us - relationships, family, love, and sex. At the same time, we may feel hesitant to ask for help, fearing that we may be judged or not find relief. Asking for help is a characteristic of successful, happy people, and is the first step to building the life that you want.
If you're here you may be feeling stuck, frustrated, unfulfilled, and uncertain about what to do. Try as we might, we often can't make changes in the areas of life that matter most to us - relationships, family, love, and sex. At the same time, we may feel hesitant to ask for help, fearing that we may be judged or not find relief. Asking for help is a characteristic of successful, happy people, and is the first step to building the life that you want.
(925) 290-8829 View (925) 290-8829
Photo of Jacob Kaminker, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Jacob Kaminker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
Do you sometimes feel like you just need to get over that next hill, but then there is always another hill? Life is a winding trail, with each turn bringing new challenges. Inner conflicts create uncertainty. Yet, you're not alone. Together, we'll navigate the twists of relationships and decisions, forging a path to self-discovery and empowerment. Let's embark on this adventure together.
Do you sometimes feel like you just need to get over that next hill, but then there is always another hill? Life is a winding trail, with each turn bringing new challenges. Inner conflicts create uncertainty. Yet, you're not alone. Together, we'll navigate the twists of relationships and decisions, forging a path to self-discovery and empowerment. Let's embark on this adventure together.
(510) 629-4412 View (510) 629-4412
Photo of Dr. Leah H. Rosenthal, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Dr. Leah H. Rosenthal
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94707
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with specialized training conducting psychological assessments of children and adults, identifying and tailoring therapeutic goals to each individual in order to provide compassionate and effective psychotherapy and psychological consultation. I earned my doctorate at UC Berkeley and completed my clinical training, working with children and adults, at the Veterans Administration Healthcare System, UCSF Medical Center and UC Davis Medical Center.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with specialized training conducting psychological assessments of children and adults, identifying and tailoring therapeutic goals to each individual in order to provide compassionate and effective psychotherapy and psychological consultation. I earned my doctorate at UC Berkeley and completed my clinical training, working with children and adults, at the Veterans Administration Healthcare System, UCSF Medical Center and UC Davis Medical Center.
(510) 394-1741 View (510) 394-1741
Photo of Jody Roberts, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Jody Roberts
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, 37412
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707  (Online Only)
I custom-tailor the therapeutic process to suit your individual needs. Together, we will set goals for your healing. I will encourage you to draw upon your own strengths and life experience by learning to trust yourself and your intuition.
I custom-tailor the therapeutic process to suit your individual needs. Together, we will set goals for your healing. I will encourage you to draw upon your own strengths and life experience by learning to trust yourself and your intuition.
(510) 417-4209 View (510) 417-4209
Photo of Rain Sussman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Rain Sussman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
The combination of strong anxiety and strong intellect poses special challenges for those caught in the crosshairs. I help individuals with active, analytical minds to work through anxiety-related problems such as panic, worry, avoidance, and compulsive thoughts or habits. My approach is warm, practical, and evidence-based, grounded in both mindfulness and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
The combination of strong anxiety and strong intellect poses special challenges for those caught in the crosshairs. I help individuals with active, analytical minds to work through anxiety-related problems such as panic, worry, avoidance, and compulsive thoughts or habits. My approach is warm, practical, and evidence-based, grounded in both mindfulness and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
(510) 649-1909 View (510) 649-1909
Photo of Marlen Kanagui-Muñoz, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Marlen Kanagui-Muñoz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94710
Whether addressing the debilitating impact of anxiety and depression or unraveling complex relationship issues, I am dedicated to assisting my clients in achieving meaningful growth and transformation. I believe that we can meet our challenges with self-compassion and resilience and in this way, return to ourselves and what we value. My background integrates experience from 10+ years in integrated mental healthcare, teaching and research, and specialized training in multicultural psychology.
Whether addressing the debilitating impact of anxiety and depression or unraveling complex relationship issues, I am dedicated to assisting my clients in achieving meaningful growth and transformation. I believe that we can meet our challenges with self-compassion and resilience and in this way, return to ourselves and what we value. My background integrates experience from 10+ years in integrated mental healthcare, teaching and research, and specialized training in multicultural psychology.
(510) 447-1542 View (510) 447-1542
Photo of Ava Charney-Danysh, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Ava Charney-Danysh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
Have you experienced past or recent losses that have left you bereft, regretful, or guilt-ridden? Does your grief feel "complicated" or unresolved? Are you struggling with food and weight issues such as compulsive eating, obesity, or bulimia? Are you dependent on alcohol or marijuana to "take the edge off" ? Do you have family or relationship problems that leave you feeling "stuck" and frustrated? Do you long for deeper intimacy in your relationships but don't know how to get there? Are you dealing with fraught issues with aging parents? Do you long for resolution while there's time?
Have you experienced past or recent losses that have left you bereft, regretful, or guilt-ridden? Does your grief feel "complicated" or unresolved? Are you struggling with food and weight issues such as compulsive eating, obesity, or bulimia? Are you dependent on alcohol or marijuana to "take the edge off" ? Do you have family or relationship problems that leave you feeling "stuck" and frustrated? Do you long for deeper intimacy in your relationships but don't know how to get there? Are you dealing with fraught issues with aging parents? Do you long for resolution while there's time?
(510) 898-6230 View (510) 898-6230
Photo of Robert l Gorden, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Robert l Gorden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
I am expert in cognitive behavioral therapy and have been a field instructor and guest lecturer for the graduate MSW program at U.C. Berkeley. I am most interested in treating depression, marital problems,work-related problems, family issues, health concerns,grief and panic attacks. I have maintained a private practice for over 20 years. I believe that being interactive and having a strong and caring connection with clients is essential to providing successful therapy. My style combines collaboration, empirical knowledge and humor. I specialize in working with physicians, nurses and other health care providers.
I am expert in cognitive behavioral therapy and have been a field instructor and guest lecturer for the graduate MSW program at U.C. Berkeley. I am most interested in treating depression, marital problems,work-related problems, family issues, health concerns,grief and panic attacks. I have maintained a private practice for over 20 years. I believe that being interactive and having a strong and caring connection with clients is essential to providing successful therapy. My style combines collaboration, empirical knowledge and humor. I specialize in working with physicians, nurses and other health care providers.
(510) 878-6174 View (510) 878-6174
Photo of James Murakami, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
James Murakami
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
Hello, I have a passion for working collaboratively with adults, adolescents and children who may be experiencing distress or who simply seek greater fulfillment in life. I believe deeply in the importance of connection among individuals, families, communities, nature, and spirituality towards promoting resiliency and healing. I have worked extensively with young adults, children and adolescents who have suffered anxiety, depression, educational difficulty, trauma and loss.
Hello, I have a passion for working collaboratively with adults, adolescents and children who may be experiencing distress or who simply seek greater fulfillment in life. I believe deeply in the importance of connection among individuals, families, communities, nature, and spirituality towards promoting resiliency and healing. I have worked extensively with young adults, children and adolescents who have suffered anxiety, depression, educational difficulty, trauma and loss.
(510) 379-9069 View (510) 379-9069
Photo of Sasha Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Sasha Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94703
We were born to connect with ourselves and others, to be alive in our bodies and awake in the world, and to anchor into a sense of purpose. Painful experiences and negative patterns can disconnect us from our innate ability to full-heartedly live life. When you are stuck, dissatisfied in relationship, challenged by life transition, constrained by depression or anxiety, unable to heal from trauma, or simply feeling called to step more fully into your best self, therapy can be a powerful ally. I offer tools you can use to reconnect with your own power, resilience, and wholeness.
We were born to connect with ourselves and others, to be alive in our bodies and awake in the world, and to anchor into a sense of purpose. Painful experiences and negative patterns can disconnect us from our innate ability to full-heartedly live life. When you are stuck, dissatisfied in relationship, challenged by life transition, constrained by depression or anxiety, unable to heal from trauma, or simply feeling called to step more fully into your best self, therapy can be a powerful ally. I offer tools you can use to reconnect with your own power, resilience, and wholeness.
(510) 306-7137 View (510) 306-7137
Photo of Ann Foley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Ann Foley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94709  (Online Only)
Welcome to my practice. After over thirty years in my field I remain open and curious about obstacles which seem to prevent you from moving comfortably through your life. Perhaps you have been engaged in self-blame, suffer with guilt, or shame, or feel as though life has passed you by. I work with adults of all ages on issues of self-esteem, grief and loss, and anxiety and depression. Together we discover coping methods which better serve you on your path forward. I consider it an honor and a privilege to serve people of all ethnicities and sexual orientations. I provide both long and short-term therapy.
Welcome to my practice. After over thirty years in my field I remain open and curious about obstacles which seem to prevent you from moving comfortably through your life. Perhaps you have been engaged in self-blame, suffer with guilt, or shame, or feel as though life has passed you by. I work with adults of all ages on issues of self-esteem, grief and loss, and anxiety and depression. Together we discover coping methods which better serve you on your path forward. I consider it an honor and a privilege to serve people of all ethnicities and sexual orientations. I provide both long and short-term therapy.
(341) 895-5836 View (341) 895-5836
Photo of Angela Li, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Angela Li
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94702  (Online Only)
I am a Bay Area-based Asian American clinical psychologist with a passion for working with adult children of immigrants, people of color, and historically marginalized folks. Many clients express struggling with perfectionism, people pleasing, self-criticism, and worry that they will never be "enough." There may be parts of themselves they feel unable to explore or express, and worry that these parts may not be understood or supported by others. Many may be navigating intergenerational trauma, and relationship issues with their family of origin or romantic relationships.
I am a Bay Area-based Asian American clinical psychologist with a passion for working with adult children of immigrants, people of color, and historically marginalized folks. Many clients express struggling with perfectionism, people pleasing, self-criticism, and worry that they will never be "enough." There may be parts of themselves they feel unable to explore or express, and worry that these parts may not be understood or supported by others. Many may be navigating intergenerational trauma, and relationship issues with their family of origin or romantic relationships.
(415) 980-2262 View (415) 980-2262
Photo of Fran Wickner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Fran Wickner
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94709
For over 30 years I have been a licensed MFT, offering compassionate, competent and convenient therapeutic services to individuals, couples, families and adolescents. You'll find me supportive and understanding, offering questions and reflections to guide you in handling your challenges and making changes you desire. I offer a safe place to explore your concerns about relationships (traditional and non-traditional), transitions, job concerns, separations, stepfamilies, addictions, depression, parenting, and stress. Our work together can help you improve your communication skills, better the quality of your relationships, increase self-esteem, and learn how to set and follow through with goals.
For over 30 years I have been a licensed MFT, offering compassionate, competent and convenient therapeutic services to individuals, couples, families and adolescents. You'll find me supportive and understanding, offering questions and reflections to guide you in handling your challenges and making changes you desire. I offer a safe place to explore your concerns about relationships (traditional and non-traditional), transitions, job concerns, separations, stepfamilies, addictions, depression, parenting, and stress. Our work together can help you improve your communication skills, better the quality of your relationships, increase self-esteem, and learn how to set and follow through with goals.
(510) 560-7566 View (510) 560-7566
Photo of Doctor 4 the People in Berkeley, CA
Doctor 4 the People
MD, MPH
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
I am a board certified pediatrician who specializes in diagnosing and treating ADHD and executive function issues in children and young adults. What makes me different is that I combine treatment (including medication if necessary) with coaching tailored specifically to meet you and your child’s needs. Go to places in education, relationships, and day to day activities that you that you never knew was possible. Spend less time fighting over homework and have more time in the day to do what you really want because you're more organized. Successfully launch into adulthood!
I am a board certified pediatrician who specializes in diagnosing and treating ADHD and executive function issues in children and young adults. What makes me different is that I combine treatment (including medication if necessary) with coaching tailored specifically to meet you and your child’s needs. Go to places in education, relationships, and day to day activities that you that you never knew was possible. Spend less time fighting over homework and have more time in the day to do what you really want because you're more organized. Successfully launch into adulthood!
(510) 661-3733 View (510) 661-3733
Photo of Art Practice: Psychotherapy for Children, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Art Practice: Psychotherapy for Children
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94710
I work with children, adolescents, and families impacted by chronic conditions, in particular type 1 diabetes. Because managing chronic conditions creates added and continual stress as well as greater dependency on others, the ability to regulate emotions and improved interpersonal functioning can make life smoother. Helping a child better understand his or her strengths, and how to more effectively draw on them, can assist the child, and family members, in adjusting to life with illness. I believe that finding individual solutions and discovering new strengths in therapy can be fun and imaginative.
I work with children, adolescents, and families impacted by chronic conditions, in particular type 1 diabetes. Because managing chronic conditions creates added and continual stress as well as greater dependency on others, the ability to regulate emotions and improved interpersonal functioning can make life smoother. Helping a child better understand his or her strengths, and how to more effectively draw on them, can assist the child, and family members, in adjusting to life with illness. I believe that finding individual solutions and discovering new strengths in therapy can be fun and imaginative.
(510) 527-6800 View (510) 527-6800
Photo of Rachel F Kaplan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Rachel F Kaplan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94703
You will feel it when you sit with me, this is my life's calling. I was lucky enough to walk the path of healing from an early age because of a devastating life trauma. This brought me to my deep understanding of the healing process. I am committed to accompanying you and catalyzing your journey to health, self-love, ease in relationship and empowerment in the world. My ideal client is going through change, loss, or questioning, needs support and desires a deeper connection to themselves, and satisfaction from their life. Check out my podcast The Healing Feeling Shit Show, a free course in emotional healing to sense how I work.
You will feel it when you sit with me, this is my life's calling. I was lucky enough to walk the path of healing from an early age because of a devastating life trauma. This brought me to my deep understanding of the healing process. I am committed to accompanying you and catalyzing your journey to health, self-love, ease in relationship and empowerment in the world. My ideal client is going through change, loss, or questioning, needs support and desires a deeper connection to themselves, and satisfaction from their life. Check out my podcast The Healing Feeling Shit Show, a free course in emotional healing to sense how I work.
(415) 702-3703 View (415) 702-3703
Photo of Gillian Fynn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Gillian Fynn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94702
We all need support during difficult times. If you have a history of trauma leaving you feeling overwhelmed or totally stressed, we can use EMDR and IFS to stop the past having such an impact on you now. Perhaps you grew up in a dysfunctional family and wonder "what's normal, what's healthy?" Even if you don't have major problems, talking through challenges and gaining perspective is important. If you are a parent I have specialized training to help build your confidence as a parent including play therapy for young children. I will meet in person under strict COVID guidelines.
We all need support during difficult times. If you have a history of trauma leaving you feeling overwhelmed or totally stressed, we can use EMDR and IFS to stop the past having such an impact on you now. Perhaps you grew up in a dysfunctional family and wonder "what's normal, what's healthy?" Even if you don't have major problems, talking through challenges and gaining perspective is important. If you are a parent I have specialized training to help build your confidence as a parent including play therapy for young children. I will meet in person under strict COVID guidelines.
(510) 931-7115 View (510) 931-7115
Photo of Sam Hinds, Psychological Associate in Berkeley, CA
Sam Hinds
Psychological Associate, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
The reasons leading each of us into therapy are as unique as we are individually, though it usually begins with something that brings challenge or suffering. Even amid the uniqueness of our difficulties, however, there are common patterns that unite us in our humanity. Whatever it is that calls you to therapy, I will meet you in the middle—where your common humanity and utter uniqueness come together. I deeply trust we can work together to bring greatest understanding to your process and support you not only in your healing, but also in the unfolding of your potential—indeed, the two go hand-in-hand.
The reasons leading each of us into therapy are as unique as we are individually, though it usually begins with something that brings challenge or suffering. Even amid the uniqueness of our difficulties, however, there are common patterns that unite us in our humanity. Whatever it is that calls you to therapy, I will meet you in the middle—where your common humanity and utter uniqueness come together. I deeply trust we can work together to bring greatest understanding to your process and support you not only in your healing, but also in the unfolding of your potential—indeed, the two go hand-in-hand.
(341) 234-2873 View (341) 234-2873

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berkeley, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in Berkeley, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
73% Grief
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aetna
39% Cigna and Evernorth
38% Other

How Therapists in Berkeley, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berkeley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.