Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Carolyn Raitt, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Carolyn Raitt
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
To schedule a session, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am a queer-identified psychotherapist and have experience helping individuals with a wide variety of presenting issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. In addition, I specialize in working with eating and/or body image issues, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and adolescent & young adult life transitions & identity development.
To schedule a session, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am a queer-identified psychotherapist and have experience helping individuals with a wide variety of presenting issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. In addition, I specialize in working with eating and/or body image issues, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and adolescent & young adult life transitions & identity development.
(312) 262-3704 View (312) 262-3704
Photo of MyLCSW, Ltd., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
MyLCSW, Ltd.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
Our clients are diverse people, some struggle with depression or anxiety, others seek clarity in communication and adapting to change. What you request assistance with is our goal, and we will empathize and assist you in navigating the therapeutic journey. You, the client, are in charge of your life and your change. Your therapist is here to help you look at your choices, provide new skills, and be a support. All the MyLCSW clinicians believe that therapy starts where the client is.
Our clients are diverse people, some struggle with depression or anxiety, others seek clarity in communication and adapting to change. What you request assistance with is our goal, and we will empathize and assist you in navigating the therapeutic journey. You, the client, are in charge of your life and your change. Your therapist is here to help you look at your choices, provide new skills, and be a support. All the MyLCSW clinicians believe that therapy starts where the client is.
(773) 389-2691 View (773) 389-2691
Photo of Robert E Manrique, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Robert E Manrique
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Not accepting new clients
"We fear things in proportion to our ignorance of them." - Christian Nevell Bovee. My unique approach begins with the focus of increasing my client's knowledge of the mind and brain. Given that our brains are built to change in response to experience, there is a new optimism regarding the brain's ability to remain flexible and to benefit from enriching environments throughout life. My goal is to help you uncover your true potential, and have full freedom, self-expression and a life you love.
"We fear things in proportion to our ignorance of them." - Christian Nevell Bovee. My unique approach begins with the focus of increasing my client's knowledge of the mind and brain. Given that our brains are built to change in response to experience, there is a new optimism regarding the brain's ability to remain flexible and to benefit from enriching environments throughout life. My goal is to help you uncover your true potential, and have full freedom, self-expression and a life you love.
(773) 922-9027 View (773) 922-9027
Photo of Phuong Thao Nguyen, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Phuong Thao Nguyen
Pre-Licensed Professional, SEP, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
I work with adults and couples from different walks of life. As a holistic practitioner, I’ve come to understand it’s a different dance for each person when working towards embodying their voice, choice, boundaries, and authenticity. I take into consideration your experiences relationally and with systems and how that may impact the relationship to your inner landscape. My identities are: 1st gen Vietnamese immigrant, non-binary, queer, polyamorous & ex-catholic. These identities have shaped the way I move in the world while inspiring me to continue being curious and going outside of the box when I work with each unique human.
I work with adults and couples from different walks of life. As a holistic practitioner, I’ve come to understand it’s a different dance for each person when working towards embodying their voice, choice, boundaries, and authenticity. I take into consideration your experiences relationally and with systems and how that may impact the relationship to your inner landscape. My identities are: 1st gen Vietnamese immigrant, non-binary, queer, polyamorous & ex-catholic. These identities have shaped the way I move in the world while inspiring me to continue being curious and going outside of the box when I work with each unique human.
(847) 595-5732 View (847) 595-5732
Photo of Rebecca Slusher, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rebecca Slusher
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60647  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Accepting new clients for EMDR only. We all need someone to talk to sometimes. You may find yourself faced with difficulties in your relationships, moods, money, work, the troubles in the world, even your sense of who you really are and what you want in your life, and you just can't seem to cope with them on your own. I will provide a safe and judgment-free environment in which to develop a therapeutic relationship focused on your goals and needs. I work from an integrative therapeutic approach and tailor my approach to meet the needs of each client I see.
Accepting new clients for EMDR only. We all need someone to talk to sometimes. You may find yourself faced with difficulties in your relationships, moods, money, work, the troubles in the world, even your sense of who you really are and what you want in your life, and you just can't seem to cope with them on your own. I will provide a safe and judgment-free environment in which to develop a therapeutic relationship focused on your goals and needs. I work from an integrative therapeutic approach and tailor my approach to meet the needs of each client I see.
(773) 432-4351 View (773) 432-4351
Photo of Kanchana Henrich, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kanchana Henrich
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60641  (Online Only)
Lucent: glowing with or giving off light. I have always been in awe of the sun by day, and the fire by night. Both burning bright, unabashedly, warm, and with purpose. It is my hope to offer you, in our co-created work, an opportunity to find your light (your authentic self) and allow it to guide you. I am here to walk alongside you, to witness your journey, and to encourage your light to glow. If you are so inclined, come join me in an experience of introspection, discovery, and play. I have over 10 years of experience working with trauma, mood disorders, life transitions, immigration, identity formation, and the inner critic.
Lucent: glowing with or giving off light. I have always been in awe of the sun by day, and the fire by night. Both burning bright, unabashedly, warm, and with purpose. It is my hope to offer you, in our co-created work, an opportunity to find your light (your authentic self) and allow it to guide you. I am here to walk alongside you, to witness your journey, and to encourage your light to glow. If you are so inclined, come join me in an experience of introspection, discovery, and play. I have over 10 years of experience working with trauma, mood disorders, life transitions, immigration, identity formation, and the inner critic.
(773) 270-2329 View (773) 270-2329
Photo of Dana Pavlik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Dana Pavlik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , BCBA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
Do you feel like you need an ally or advocate in your life? Would you like someone to listen to you and help you reach your goals? If your goals include working with and befriending anxiety, depression, lack of self-esteem, and/or not sure of your life path, I can help. Additionally, if you are seeking assistance with increasing self-advocacy, assertiveness, and behavioral issues, I can help facilitate this process. If you are looking for a collaborative relationship with someone who is empathetic, compassionate, and relatable, I am happy to fill that role.
Do you feel like you need an ally or advocate in your life? Would you like someone to listen to you and help you reach your goals? If your goals include working with and befriending anxiety, depression, lack of self-esteem, and/or not sure of your life path, I can help. Additionally, if you are seeking assistance with increasing self-advocacy, assertiveness, and behavioral issues, I can help facilitate this process. If you are looking for a collaborative relationship with someone who is empathetic, compassionate, and relatable, I am happy to fill that role.
(773) 207-2042 View (773) 207-2042
Photo of Christina Carbone, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Christina Carbone
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, ALMFT, TLLP, LPC-C
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe relationships are fundamental building blocks of life. I strive to foster a non-judgmental, authentic, environment that honors the connection each individual has to the self, and the world in which they exist. My approach is collaborative, and focuses on client's fundamental inner strengths to promote growth and cultivate change. I lean into curiosity, humor, and compassion when working with my clients, and you can expect my techniques to be rooted in mind-body connection.
I believe relationships are fundamental building blocks of life. I strive to foster a non-judgmental, authentic, environment that honors the connection each individual has to the self, and the world in which they exist. My approach is collaborative, and focuses on client's fundamental inner strengths to promote growth and cultivate change. I lean into curiosity, humor, and compassion when working with my clients, and you can expect my techniques to be rooted in mind-body connection.
(872) 274-2670 View (872) 274-2670
Photo of Hannä Renee Zimmermann, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Hannä Renee Zimmermann
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe in empowering every client to be the center of the therapeutic process where the goal is to encourage exploration, insight and reflection through curiosity and collaboration. My aim is to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space to foster healing for every individual. I also believe that each individual is unique and exploring collaboratively allows for deeper understanding and context for how one thinks, feels and experiences life. I have worked with adolescents, teens and adults in both individual and group settings who face struggles with complex trauma, anxiety, depression, PTSD and bipolar disorder.
I believe in empowering every client to be the center of the therapeutic process where the goal is to encourage exploration, insight and reflection through curiosity and collaboration. My aim is to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space to foster healing for every individual. I also believe that each individual is unique and exploring collaboratively allows for deeper understanding and context for how one thinks, feels and experiences life. I have worked with adolescents, teens and adults in both individual and group settings who face struggles with complex trauma, anxiety, depression, PTSD and bipolar disorder.
(872) 205-3532 View (872) 205-3532
Photo of Jenna Elizabeth White, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jenna Elizabeth White
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
Not accepting new clients
My clients are very important to me. It is a privilege to accompany people on a journey of self-reflection, vulnerability, and growth. I meet you where you are, say the hard thing (with kindness, humor, empathy, and creativity), and work to understand your complexities and the unique ways you wish to grow. I love working with a wide variety of people, but particularly specialize in the treatment of disordered eating, body image anxieties, sexuality, chronic pain, attachment issues, and addictive/ compulsive behaviors.
My clients are very important to me. It is a privilege to accompany people on a journey of self-reflection, vulnerability, and growth. I meet you where you are, say the hard thing (with kindness, humor, empathy, and creativity), and work to understand your complexities and the unique ways you wish to grow. I love working with a wide variety of people, but particularly specialize in the treatment of disordered eating, body image anxieties, sexuality, chronic pain, attachment issues, and addictive/ compulsive behaviors.
(773) 825-5085 View (773) 825-5085
Photo of Karen Roach, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Karen Roach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Do you go to bed each night promising tomorrow will be better? Do you promise you will have more patience, the kids will behave better, and you will enjoy the day?But then tomorrow comes and it just felt like a repeat of yesterday. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years experience working with kids and families (especially moms!) through private practice and in public schools. Over the last two decades, I've helped countless kids, both directly by working with them and indirectly by working with the adults important to their lives; we've changed behavior, improved relationships, and answered: "What is wrong with them?"
Do you go to bed each night promising tomorrow will be better? Do you promise you will have more patience, the kids will behave better, and you will enjoy the day?But then tomorrow comes and it just felt like a repeat of yesterday. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years experience working with kids and families (especially moms!) through private practice and in public schools. Over the last two decades, I've helped countless kids, both directly by working with them and indirectly by working with the adults important to their lives; we've changed behavior, improved relationships, and answered: "What is wrong with them?"
(224) 252-8678 View (224) 252-8678
Photo of Andrew Sarkisian, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Andrew Sarkisian
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
I believe therapy can offer a non-judgmental space where individuals are heard, supported, and understood. I approach therapy with values of collaboration, warmth, humor, and the individual’s unique history. Within therapy, I strive to create a space for the interplay of conscious and unconscious factors as essential expressions of identity. These factors may include past experiences that mysteriously show up in our present lives as patterns, but can be understood more fully towards healing and transformation.
I believe therapy can offer a non-judgmental space where individuals are heard, supported, and understood. I approach therapy with values of collaboration, warmth, humor, and the individual’s unique history. Within therapy, I strive to create a space for the interplay of conscious and unconscious factors as essential expressions of identity. These factors may include past experiences that mysteriously show up in our present lives as patterns, but can be understood more fully towards healing and transformation.
(773) 692-7875 View (773) 692-7875
Photo of Gabriela Brizuela, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Gabriela Brizuela
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60631
Hi, I’m Gabriela (she/ her/ ella)! Our work in therapy is about the core essence of what it means to be human, to love, to hurt, to hurt others, and to help. I am rooting for you! I know that what brings you here may feel overwhelming, but this is the first step. I believe therapy should be collaborative and inclusive. I bring a lot of energy and humor as well as compassion and understanding to my sessions.
Hi, I’m Gabriela (she/ her/ ella)! Our work in therapy is about the core essence of what it means to be human, to love, to hurt, to hurt others, and to help. I am rooting for you! I know that what brings you here may feel overwhelming, but this is the first step. I believe therapy should be collaborative and inclusive. I bring a lot of energy and humor as well as compassion and understanding to my sessions.
(773) 673-9601 View (773) 673-9601
Photo of Amy Tierney, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Amy Tierney
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals, couples and families to express their challenges and understand themselves and their relationships in a healthier context. I also offer support during life transitions and crisis so clients are empowered and experience resilience. My approach is humanistic and interpersonal in which we work in the relationship and our relationship helps you gain insight and awareness into your self and patterns. I am supportive and gentle, yet can be challenging and directive when appropriate. I am experienced in conflict resolution in couples and families.
I work with individuals, couples and families to express their challenges and understand themselves and their relationships in a healthier context. I also offer support during life transitions and crisis so clients are empowered and experience resilience. My approach is humanistic and interpersonal in which we work in the relationship and our relationship helps you gain insight and awareness into your self and patterns. I am supportive and gentle, yet can be challenging and directive when appropriate. I am experienced in conflict resolution in couples and families.
(773) 692-4296 View (773) 692-4296
Photo of Defiant Growth Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Defiant Growth Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to stay motivated and optimistic? Are you grieving the loss of a loved one, the end of a relationship, a medical diagnosis, entering retirement, growing older, your children leaving home, or another major life change? Do you live with anxiety and have difficulty trusting yourself? I work with grief and loss, terminal and chronic illness, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and co-dependency. My goal is to foster an environment where my clients feel supported, validated, and empowered.
Are you struggling to stay motivated and optimistic? Are you grieving the loss of a loved one, the end of a relationship, a medical diagnosis, entering retirement, growing older, your children leaving home, or another major life change? Do you live with anxiety and have difficulty trusting yourself? I work with grief and loss, terminal and chronic illness, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and co-dependency. My goal is to foster an environment where my clients feel supported, validated, and empowered.
(872) 201-3597 View (872) 201-3597
Photo of Merissa Malacara, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Merissa Malacara
Psychologist, PsyD, PsyPact
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Not accepting new clients
As a licensed clinical psychologist, I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I often work with individuals and families going through difficult adjustments, such as the birth of a new child, divorce, grief, or career struggles. Educated in psychodynamic psychotherapy and incorporating cognitive behavioral strategies, I aim to provide therapy with an empathic approach while helping the client process earlier life experiences and implement healthier coping skills.
As a licensed clinical psychologist, I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I often work with individuals and families going through difficult adjustments, such as the birth of a new child, divorce, grief, or career struggles. Educated in psychodynamic psychotherapy and incorporating cognitive behavioral strategies, I aim to provide therapy with an empathic approach while helping the client process earlier life experiences and implement healthier coping skills.
(224) 231-5726 View (224) 231-5726
Photo of Jess Muir, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jess Muir
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and Certified Dialectical Behavior Therapist based in Illinois. I received my Master's Degree from Lewis University and have been practicing for five years.
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and Certified Dialectical Behavior Therapist based in Illinois. I received my Master's Degree from Lewis University and have been practicing for five years.
(872) 266-3454 View (872) 266-3454
Photo of Jessica Andrick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jessica Andrick
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60646
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients of all ages struggling with depression, anxiety, life transitions, parenthood, career issues, and family/relationship concerns. My sessions incorporate empathy, flexibility, and occasional humor to build a trusting, therapeutic relationship, while utilizing a variety of techniques, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Play Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy.
I work with clients of all ages struggling with depression, anxiety, life transitions, parenthood, career issues, and family/relationship concerns. My sessions incorporate empathy, flexibility, and occasional humor to build a trusting, therapeutic relationship, while utilizing a variety of techniques, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Play Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy.
(773) 915-0683 View (773) 915-0683
Photo of Yesenia Garcia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Yesenia Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60639
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I am certified in EMDR (a therapeutic technique often used in processing painful memories and negatives beliefs about self). I have experience in providing individual and family therapy to children, adolescents, and adults with concerns ranging from trauma, stress management, anxiety, depression, and other disorders diagnosed from childhood through adulthood. I provide a safe, emphatic, non-judgmental therapeutic environment where you can explore issues and develop effective coping skills.
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I am certified in EMDR (a therapeutic technique often used in processing painful memories and negatives beliefs about self). I have experience in providing individual and family therapy to children, adolescents, and adults with concerns ranging from trauma, stress management, anxiety, depression, and other disorders diagnosed from childhood through adulthood. I provide a safe, emphatic, non-judgmental therapeutic environment where you can explore issues and develop effective coping skills.
(312) 396-2397 View (312) 396-2397
Photo of Sandhya Talatam, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sandhya Talatam
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MBA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60604
Why do I feel so stuck? Why are my emotions taking over my life? Why can’t I do anything right? If you are asking these questions, you are not alone! From here on, I am with you. I know what you are going through is not easy, but you are more resilient than you think. Together, we will channel your strengths and get you to a place of well-being. Right now, it may seem hard or even impossible to visualize a change, but I am committed to helping you work through any obstacles.
Why do I feel so stuck? Why are my emotions taking over my life? Why can’t I do anything right? If you are asking these questions, you are not alone! From here on, I am with you. I know what you are going through is not easy, but you are more resilient than you think. Together, we will channel your strengths and get you to a place of well-being. Right now, it may seem hard or even impossible to visualize a change, but I am committed to helping you work through any obstacles.
(708) 905-2765 View (708) 905-2765

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.