Therapists in Amherst, MA

Photo of Amy Siege, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Amy Siege
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
I offer individual therapy and specialize in treating depression, anxiety and addiction. I work from the belief that meaningful change is possible, and offer a supportive judgement free environment where we can work together to achieve your goals. I believe that every client comes with a unique background and history, and by exploring it together we can identify goals and overcome obstacles that will lead towards meaningful change.
I offer individual therapy and specialize in treating depression, anxiety and addiction. I work from the belief that meaningful change is possible, and offer a supportive judgement free environment where we can work together to achieve your goals. I believe that every client comes with a unique background and history, and by exploring it together we can identify goals and overcome obstacles that will lead towards meaningful change.
(413) 471-3706 View (413) 471-3706
Photo of Sarah Hoxie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Sarah Hoxie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Do you need someone to listen to you and help you make sense of your experiences? Are your emotions overwhelming you? Do you feel misunderstood or unsupported? As a therapist I help people discover their own strength and confidence. You may be going through a difficult transition or feel like you are stuck in some way. Perhaps you have noticed a pattern in your behavior or relationships that you want to change.
Do you need someone to listen to you and help you make sense of your experiences? Are your emotions overwhelming you? Do you feel misunderstood or unsupported? As a therapist I help people discover their own strength and confidence. You may be going through a difficult transition or feel like you are stuck in some way. Perhaps you have noticed a pattern in your behavior or relationships that you want to change.
(413) 344-2130 View (413) 344-2130
Photo of Emily Reed Howard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Emily Reed Howard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, EdM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
My intention is to create a nurturing relationship that supports your learning and growth. I believe the quality of the therapeutic relationship is the most important element of a helpful counseling experience. Together, we will explore your challenges with compassion and curiosity and discover your strengths and other resources that can help you move towards meaningful change. If you’re interested in working with me, please leave a message with your insurance and best times/days.
My intention is to create a nurturing relationship that supports your learning and growth. I believe the quality of the therapeutic relationship is the most important element of a helpful counseling experience. Together, we will explore your challenges with compassion and curiosity and discover your strengths and other resources that can help you move towards meaningful change. If you’re interested in working with me, please leave a message with your insurance and best times/days.
(413) 251-1397 View (413) 251-1397
Photo of Andy Steinmark, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Andy Steinmark
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Hello, and thank you for stopping by to learn how I can be of service to you. I'm a formally trained health psychologist with expertise in the areas of creating and living a healthy life-style, work-life balance, stress management, depression, anxiety, and with specializations in chronic insomnia, and living with chronic illness. I collaborate with individuals interested in taking an active role in creating a life of meaning and fulfillment--of greater vitality. Treatment is focused, values-based, and goal oriented--as well as being frequently brief. Additionally, I also assist individuals in more fully developing their potential.
Hello, and thank you for stopping by to learn how I can be of service to you. I'm a formally trained health psychologist with expertise in the areas of creating and living a healthy life-style, work-life balance, stress management, depression, anxiety, and with specializations in chronic insomnia, and living with chronic illness. I collaborate with individuals interested in taking an active role in creating a life of meaning and fulfillment--of greater vitality. Treatment is focused, values-based, and goal oriented--as well as being frequently brief. Additionally, I also assist individuals in more fully developing their potential.
(413) 998-0851 View (413) 998-0851
Photo of Abbigail T. Chickering, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Abbigail T. Chickering
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
My primary focus is on working with clients using EMD and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) to manage/overcome issues related to trauma, mood, life transition and becoming "unstuck" from old patterns. Individual adults (please, no children under 18, couples or families) are welcomed to engage in a supportive therapeutic relationship promoting positive growth and forward movement. I utilize an organic combination of techniques including EMDR, psycho-education, expressive therapies, CBT, parts work and relational healing. Are you ready to deepen your understanding of yourself in order to create personal change?
My primary focus is on working with clients using EMD and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) to manage/overcome issues related to trauma, mood, life transition and becoming "unstuck" from old patterns. Individual adults (please, no children under 18, couples or families) are welcomed to engage in a supportive therapeutic relationship promoting positive growth and forward movement. I utilize an organic combination of techniques including EMDR, psycho-education, expressive therapies, CBT, parts work and relational healing. Are you ready to deepen your understanding of yourself in order to create personal change?
(413) 418-3705 View (413) 418-3705
Photo of Sarah Presson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Sarah Presson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who is dedicated to providing trauma-informed, compassionate care to those I work with. I am committed to meeting people where they are, and being present for them in times of stress and need. I provide an open and affirming space for all to feel welcomed. I walk with folks as they make their journey to improving the quality of their mental health, and empowers them to make the changes they are striving for!
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who is dedicated to providing trauma-informed, compassionate care to those I work with. I am committed to meeting people where they are, and being present for them in times of stress and need. I provide an open and affirming space for all to feel welcomed. I walk with folks as they make their journey to improving the quality of their mental health, and empowers them to make the changes they are striving for!
(413) 200-3560 View (413) 200-3560
Photo of Megan Relin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Megan Relin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
*** I am not able to accept new clients for fall of 2023. My practice is currently full.*** As a therapist, I help people reduce suffering and feel more confident in solving problems in their daily lives. I work with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, sleep disorders, eating disorders, relationship concerns, and life transitions. I specialize in working with college/graduate students and adults. I help individuals uncover their innate strengths, values, and abilities. Together we use these resources to bring about positive change.
*** I am not able to accept new clients for fall of 2023. My practice is currently full.*** As a therapist, I help people reduce suffering and feel more confident in solving problems in their daily lives. I work with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, sleep disorders, eating disorders, relationship concerns, and life transitions. I specialize in working with college/graduate students and adults. I help individuals uncover their innate strengths, values, and abilities. Together we use these resources to bring about positive change.
(413) 650-1393 View (413) 650-1393
Photo of Sev Kolysko, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Sev Kolysko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
We all encounter times in life when we just feel stuck and overwhelmed, sometimes unsure of why we feel this way and unable to move forward. Psychotherapy helps us to achieve a sense of well-being and make changes in our lives. My hope is to create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment, which will allow you to achieve personal growth. I utilize a combination of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies with components of mindfulness and solution-focused approaches. I work with adults of all ages and older adolescents.
We all encounter times in life when we just feel stuck and overwhelmed, sometimes unsure of why we feel this way and unable to move forward. Psychotherapy helps us to achieve a sense of well-being and make changes in our lives. My hope is to create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment, which will allow you to achieve personal growth. I utilize a combination of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies with components of mindfulness and solution-focused approaches. I work with adults of all ages and older adolescents.
(413) 362-7658 View (413) 362-7658
Photo of Thomas Levy, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Thomas Levy
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
I have helped individuals and couples for over 28 years in my private practice and outpatient mental health clinics who feel stuck, unclear or overwhelmed by the problems and issues they face. I utilize mind-body approaches to help individuals and couples access clearer emotions, deeper expression, healing and growth. I have helped clients dealing with issues of stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational conflicts. I see my job as helping my clients come to terms with where they are, to help them find solutions, and then support and encourage them as they take their next steps forward in their healing.
I have helped individuals and couples for over 28 years in my private practice and outpatient mental health clinics who feel stuck, unclear or overwhelmed by the problems and issues they face. I utilize mind-body approaches to help individuals and couples access clearer emotions, deeper expression, healing and growth. I have helped clients dealing with issues of stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational conflicts. I see my job as helping my clients come to terms with where they are, to help them find solutions, and then support and encourage them as they take their next steps forward in their healing.
(413) 349-5589 View (413) 349-5589
Photo of Hope Miller in Amherst, MA
Hope Miller
MA
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
We are all so complicated. We love hard, we inflict hurt to our selves and others. But there is still so much beauty that lives within us all. I want to be able help you create the self-love, self-worth, self-compassionate and self- trust in you again. I have over 10 years in working with individuals that have experienced traumas in intimate partner and family violence. I am committed to supporting individuals to find that surviving self-love that lives within them, especially when feelings of brokenness and hopelessness is the only vision. We will develop communication with love and kindness for true change in our relationships.
We are all so complicated. We love hard, we inflict hurt to our selves and others. But there is still so much beauty that lives within us all. I want to be able help you create the self-love, self-worth, self-compassionate and self- trust in you again. I have over 10 years in working with individuals that have experienced traumas in intimate partner and family violence. I am committed to supporting individuals to find that surviving self-love that lives within them, especially when feelings of brokenness and hopelessness is the only vision. We will develop communication with love and kindness for true change in our relationships.
(413) 402-6548 View (413) 402-6548
Photo of Erin Battistoni, Pre-Licensed Professional in Amherst, MA
Erin Battistoni
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
I am passionate about creating space for clients from diverse backgrounds and cultures, to share freely who you are, being able to explore your values, feelings, and thoughts within an authentic and accepting environment. I believe that we each have many layers that influence how we experience the world and our lives. My areas of expertise include addressing depression/anxiety, adjustment to college, grief, life transitions & stress related issues, finding existential meaning/life purpose, academic performance, and LGBTQIA+ together with related issues of marginalization and familial expectations.
I am passionate about creating space for clients from diverse backgrounds and cultures, to share freely who you are, being able to explore your values, feelings, and thoughts within an authentic and accepting environment. I believe that we each have many layers that influence how we experience the world and our lives. My areas of expertise include addressing depression/anxiety, adjustment to college, grief, life transitions & stress related issues, finding existential meaning/life purpose, academic performance, and LGBTQIA+ together with related issues of marginalization and familial expectations.
(413) 287-7974 View (413) 287-7974
Photo of Tara Ferrante, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Tara Ferrante
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
At this time I am full but can take clients onto my waitlist. I am seeing clients between the hours of 9-2:30pm. My approach to therapy is to create a warm, curious, and accepting space where we can explore what is going on and I can assist you in applying concrete evidence-based tools and techniques that can create lasting change. I strive to meet clients where there are at and work collaboratively to create a plan so that you can live as fully as possible. I specialize in the treatment of obsessive- compulsive disorder, hoarding disorder, anxiety disorders, and PTSD.
At this time I am full but can take clients onto my waitlist. I am seeing clients between the hours of 9-2:30pm. My approach to therapy is to create a warm, curious, and accepting space where we can explore what is going on and I can assist you in applying concrete evidence-based tools and techniques that can create lasting change. I strive to meet clients where there are at and work collaboratively to create a plan so that you can live as fully as possible. I specialize in the treatment of obsessive- compulsive disorder, hoarding disorder, anxiety disorders, and PTSD.
(413) 258-8418 View (413) 258-8418
Alexandra L Chesner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, CAGS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
At your first appointment, I gather information about what's bringing you for therapy now. My approach is strength-based and collaborative, and we will consider what you might find most helpful together. My practice welcomes children, adolescents, college students and parents; I enjoy work with couples, families and individuals. While offering support and guidance, I take time to build a safe place where you gain understanding and develop skills to improve your life. I share my expertise in family systems, along with practical information about resources. With increased perspective and awareness about your choices, the opportunity for change unfolds.
At your first appointment, I gather information about what's bringing you for therapy now. My approach is strength-based and collaborative, and we will consider what you might find most helpful together. My practice welcomes children, adolescents, college students and parents; I enjoy work with couples, families and individuals. While offering support and guidance, I take time to build a safe place where you gain understanding and develop skills to improve your life. I share my expertise in family systems, along with practical information about resources. With increased perspective and awareness about your choices, the opportunity for change unfolds.
(413) 284-4378 View (413) 284-4378
Photo of Susannah Sheffer, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Susannah Sheffer
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
Clients who seek out my help are motivated to explore some of life’s hard questions and experiences and to figure out how to make meaning out of whatever they are struggling with. I work with people who have experienced violent loss, people who have encountered vicarious trauma and losses in their work of helping others (for example, people in the fields of law, medicine, education, social service), people who are challenged by their creative work or aspirations, people who are facing identity questions or conflicts (discovering a family secret, feeling the impact of a difficult event in the past or present).
Clients who seek out my help are motivated to explore some of life’s hard questions and experiences and to figure out how to make meaning out of whatever they are struggling with. I work with people who have experienced violent loss, people who have encountered vicarious trauma and losses in their work of helping others (for example, people in the fields of law, medicine, education, social service), people who are challenged by their creative work or aspirations, people who are facing identity questions or conflicts (discovering a family secret, feeling the impact of a difficult event in the past or present).
(413) 992-3314 View (413) 992-3314
Photo of Sarah Shea, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Sarah Shea
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Sarah Shea, LICSW, has been a psychotherapist for over 20 years. She has worked in a variety of behavioral health settings including community mental health, adolescent residential, school based mental health, in home based therapy and elder services. Sarah enjoys working with a variety of individuals from adolescents to the elderly. She believes that everyone has the ability to learn and grow to the best they can be.
Sarah Shea, LICSW, has been a psychotherapist for over 20 years. She has worked in a variety of behavioral health settings including community mental health, adolescent residential, school based mental health, in home based therapy and elder services. Sarah enjoys working with a variety of individuals from adolescents to the elderly. She believes that everyone has the ability to learn and grow to the best they can be.
(413) 423-0816 View (413) 423-0816
Lynn Abraham
Counselor, LMHC, SEP
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
Therapy supports well-being when the relationship helps us tap into our strengths and resources. My commitment to you is to build this kind of relationship. Results include improved mood, relationships,increased energy, motivation, self acceptance, and creativity. I practice a body-based therapy called Somatic Experiencing that is a gentle approach to healing PTSD and symptoms of trauma. These include anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and difficulty staying grounded in the present. We may use methods informed by my experience and training in contemplative practices and expressive therapies along with psychodynamic and cognitive therapies.
Therapy supports well-being when the relationship helps us tap into our strengths and resources. My commitment to you is to build this kind of relationship. Results include improved mood, relationships,increased energy, motivation, self acceptance, and creativity. I practice a body-based therapy called Somatic Experiencing that is a gentle approach to healing PTSD and symptoms of trauma. These include anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and difficulty staying grounded in the present. We may use methods informed by my experience and training in contemplative practices and expressive therapies along with psychodynamic and cognitive therapies.
(415) 323-3997 View (415) 323-3997
Photo of Laura Morrissette, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Laura Morrissette
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
I have over 20 years of experience helping people of diverse backgrounds heal from stuck emotions and patterns, anxiety, and trauma, I support individuals with life transitions, stress at home and at work, grief, coping with partner/family substance abuse, anxiety, family issues, family of origin issues, parenting issues, divorce, communication difficulties, and challenges, and confusion around career. I provide a nurturing and supportive environment to facilitate authentic self-expression. I believe in the innate ability of each individual to heal and realize unlimited potential. It is an honor for me to witness this journey.
I have over 20 years of experience helping people of diverse backgrounds heal from stuck emotions and patterns, anxiety, and trauma, I support individuals with life transitions, stress at home and at work, grief, coping with partner/family substance abuse, anxiety, family issues, family of origin issues, parenting issues, divorce, communication difficulties, and challenges, and confusion around career. I provide a nurturing and supportive environment to facilitate authentic self-expression. I believe in the innate ability of each individual to heal and realize unlimited potential. It is an honor for me to witness this journey.
(781) 417-5054 View (781) 417-5054
Photo of Emily Bloch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Emily Bloch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01004
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with people feeling challenged by relationships, work, parenting (from pregnancy through empty nest), and aging, as well as people struggling with trauma, grief, and loss. I start from the position that past experiences and attachments have profound effects on our everyday lives, and our abilities to move forward. I have an interest in working with those who navigate multiple cultures and communities (through, for example, racial identity, class background, immigration, religion, gender, and sexuality), as well as those who work in education, healthcare, nonprofit, and creative fields.
I specialize in working with people feeling challenged by relationships, work, parenting (from pregnancy through empty nest), and aging, as well as people struggling with trauma, grief, and loss. I start from the position that past experiences and attachments have profound effects on our everyday lives, and our abilities to move forward. I have an interest in working with those who navigate multiple cultures and communities (through, for example, racial identity, class background, immigration, religion, gender, and sexuality), as well as those who work in education, healthcare, nonprofit, and creative fields.
(413) 266-5262 View (413) 266-5262
Photo of My Focused Mind, Counselor in Amherst, MA
My Focused Mind
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, ADHD-CC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Welcome to My Focused Mind. Our mission is to provide individualized interventions that not only address the challenges associated with neurodivergence, but also to build a foundation for long-term success and well-being. We embrace the unique challenges and strengths associated with being neurodivergent, with a specific focus on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Our tailored executive functioning services helps individuals navigate the complexities of ADHD by enhancing their ability to manage time, maintain focus, and complete tasks effectively, among other things.
Welcome to My Focused Mind. Our mission is to provide individualized interventions that not only address the challenges associated with neurodivergence, but also to build a foundation for long-term success and well-being. We embrace the unique challenges and strengths associated with being neurodivergent, with a specific focus on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Our tailored executive functioning services helps individuals navigate the complexities of ADHD by enhancing their ability to manage time, maintain focus, and complete tasks effectively, among other things.
(413) 728-1533 View (413) 728-1533
Photo of Geneva Schmitt, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Geneva Schmitt
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My primary goal is to empower my adult clients. I do this by helping them understand their personal patterns, triggers, and behaviors. I customize my methods to each person's individual needs while drawing on my training and experience. I offer an empathic, judgment-free space for clients to explore the issues that concern them. From this client-centered foundation we can identify clear goals, barriers, and strategies for change. My practice is LGBTQIA+-affirming and BIPOC-allied.
My primary goal is to empower my adult clients. I do this by helping them understand their personal patterns, triggers, and behaviors. I customize my methods to each person's individual needs while drawing on my training and experience. I offer an empathic, judgment-free space for clients to explore the issues that concern them. From this client-centered foundation we can identify clear goals, barriers, and strategies for change. My practice is LGBTQIA+-affirming and BIPOC-allied.
(413) 287-7909 View (413) 287-7909

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Amherst, MA

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Amherst, MA who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
63% Grief
62% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% BlueCross and BlueShield
53% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
53% Optum

How Therapists in Amherst, MA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Amherst?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.