Therapists in Chicago, IL

View neighborhoods in Chicago
Photo of Kienya L Jones in Chicago, IL
Kienya L Jones
MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647  (Online Only)
As a queer, Black woman and ex-athlete, building relationships has been the forefront to my experience of life. My approach to therapy is trauma-informed, psychodynamic, emotion-focused, sex-positive, and anti-oppressive. I was directly trained in issues related to domestic violence, delivering clinical care to survivors, crisis stabilization, and safety planning. While I focus on role play and Reality Therapy, I utilize an integrative approach to align with your needs and goals, and I seek resources and research to support my clinical work so I can ensure quality, evidence-based care.
As a queer, Black woman and ex-athlete, building relationships has been the forefront to my experience of life. My approach to therapy is trauma-informed, psychodynamic, emotion-focused, sex-positive, and anti-oppressive. I was directly trained in issues related to domestic violence, delivering clinical care to survivors, crisis stabilization, and safety planning. While I focus on role play and Reality Therapy, I utilize an integrative approach to align with your needs and goals, and I seek resources and research to support my clinical work so I can ensure quality, evidence-based care.
(872) 259-7260 x847 View (872) 259-7260 x847
Photo of Nicholas McCarley, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Nicholas McCarley
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Therapy is a rich opportunity for gaining invaluable insights regarding the ways in which fears, disavowed wishes, and injustices from the past can motivate current behavior, and how individuals, often resiliently, continue to live above a rubble of neglected wounds. I believe the success of treatment is dependent upon the establishment of a solid therapeutic relationship and that the therapeutic alliance is a reciprocal "we-relationship" where healing and growth can occur. I also may incorporate more direct mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral approaches in therapy when effective to promote symptomatic change.
Therapy is a rich opportunity for gaining invaluable insights regarding the ways in which fears, disavowed wishes, and injustices from the past can motivate current behavior, and how individuals, often resiliently, continue to live above a rubble of neglected wounds. I believe the success of treatment is dependent upon the establishment of a solid therapeutic relationship and that the therapeutic alliance is a reciprocal "we-relationship" where healing and growth can occur. I also may incorporate more direct mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral approaches in therapy when effective to promote symptomatic change.
(773) 355-4574 View (773) 355-4574
Photo of Zak Mucha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Zak Mucha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
Psychotherapy and psychoanalysis should be an investment in creating a life. It should be a goal-driven partnership between the two people in the room. In the therapeutic process we find new goals and have to reassess priorities, shifting back and forth between concrete issues and more abstract concerns with the continued effort of reducing emotional pain and finding a way to live in the world. If you have a question, please email me at zak(at)zakmucha.com or call 773-273-0474 and we can plan for a meeting over the phone or in person. I will be glad to answer any questions regarding fees and insurance.
Psychotherapy and psychoanalysis should be an investment in creating a life. It should be a goal-driven partnership between the two people in the room. In the therapeutic process we find new goals and have to reassess priorities, shifting back and forth between concrete issues and more abstract concerns with the continued effort of reducing emotional pain and finding a way to live in the world. If you have a question, please email me at zak(at)zakmucha.com or call 773-273-0474 and we can plan for a meeting over the phone or in person. I will be glad to answer any questions regarding fees and insurance.
(773) 273-0474 View (773) 273-0474
Photo of Judith Bank, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Judith Bank
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611
My ideal client is one who comes to therapy with a desire to change the feelings and behaviors that are causing difficulty in his or her life. Over the years, I have dealt with hundreds of clients having a variety of problems and I believe I have a strong capacity to connect, build an alliance and help people live a more satisfying and productive life.
My ideal client is one who comes to therapy with a desire to change the feelings and behaviors that are causing difficulty in his or her life. Over the years, I have dealt with hundreds of clients having a variety of problems and I believe I have a strong capacity to connect, build an alliance and help people live a more satisfying and productive life.
(773) 669-7948 View (773) 669-7948
Photo of Rebekah Ray Nguyen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rebekah Ray Nguyen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
My work focuses on adolescents and young adults, and parents and caregivers, impacted by anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, trauma, life stressors, and identity development. My background is with community-based services for people facing mental health concerns, trauma, and disability. I bring my full self as a social worker, a partner in a biracial family, and a parent to children who are LGBTQ and disabled. I am committed to an anti-racist and culturally humble practice. I am trauma informed, LGBTQ+ affirming, and neurodiversity and disability justice oriented.
My work focuses on adolescents and young adults, and parents and caregivers, impacted by anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, trauma, life stressors, and identity development. My background is with community-based services for people facing mental health concerns, trauma, and disability. I bring my full self as a social worker, a partner in a biracial family, and a parent to children who are LGBTQ and disabled. I am committed to an anti-racist and culturally humble practice. I am trauma informed, LGBTQ+ affirming, and neurodiversity and disability justice oriented.
(773) 840-0383 View (773) 840-0383
Photo of Nicole Marino, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Nicole Marino
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60610  (Online Only)
I work with individuals, couples, and families for a variety of concerns such as anxiety, depression, relationship issues, adult life transitions, couple conflict, emerging adulthood, attachment-based issues, self-esteem issues, sexual concerns, divorcing couples, work and career issues, grief and loss, and child/adolescent work
I work with individuals, couples, and families for a variety of concerns such as anxiety, depression, relationship issues, adult life transitions, couple conflict, emerging adulthood, attachment-based issues, self-esteem issues, sexual concerns, divorcing couples, work and career issues, grief and loss, and child/adolescent work
(312) 262-3595 View (312) 262-3595
Photo of Evelyn Brewton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Evelyn Brewton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Chicago, IL 60641
Evelyn uses Psychodynamic, Psychoanalytical, Developmental Psychology, CBT, Child-Parent Psychotherapy.
Evelyn uses Psychodynamic, Psychoanalytical, Developmental Psychology, CBT, Child-Parent Psychotherapy.
(773) 345-7615 View (773) 345-7615
Photo of Jennifer Mena, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jennifer Mena
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Do you find it difficult to navigate your stress? Are you struggling with feelings of trauma, anxiety, and depression? If you're experiencing these feelings, or are struggling with: loneliness, low self-esteem, difficulties with loss or separation, worrying about becoming a new parent, history of abuse/neglect, avoiding social situations and friends; I would be honored to provide clinical support.
Do you find it difficult to navigate your stress? Are you struggling with feelings of trauma, anxiety, and depression? If you're experiencing these feelings, or are struggling with: loneliness, low self-esteem, difficulties with loss or separation, worrying about becoming a new parent, history of abuse/neglect, avoiding social situations and friends; I would be honored to provide clinical support.
(872) 250-5760 x108 View (872) 250-5760 x108
Photo of David Rosenblatt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
David Rosenblatt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618
My name is David Rosenblatt, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Chicago Illinois and working with clients in the Chicagoland area both in person and telehealth. I work with adults and older adults and specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma, using Eye Movement Desensitization (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Narrative to help my clients feel better about themselves and function better.
My name is David Rosenblatt, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Chicago Illinois and working with clients in the Chicagoland area both in person and telehealth. I work with adults and older adults and specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma, using Eye Movement Desensitization (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Narrative to help my clients feel better about themselves and function better.
(773) 389-2423 View (773) 389-2423
Photo of Sierra Petersen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sierra Petersen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Sierra! I am a licensed therapist with experience in helping people cope with anxiety, recover from depression, or heal from the impact of trauma (whether recent or past). I strive to cultivate a space where clients can consider their goals and move toward a life that feels authentic and hopeful. I know that working with a new therapist can feel daunting, so I get to know each person on a human level with compassion and a bit of humor. I am LGBTQIA+ friendly, gender-affirming, sex positive, and love to incorporate mind-body skills into sessions.
Hi, I'm Sierra! I am a licensed therapist with experience in helping people cope with anxiety, recover from depression, or heal from the impact of trauma (whether recent or past). I strive to cultivate a space where clients can consider their goals and move toward a life that feels authentic and hopeful. I know that working with a new therapist can feel daunting, so I get to know each person on a human level with compassion and a bit of humor. I am LGBTQIA+ friendly, gender-affirming, sex positive, and love to incorporate mind-body skills into sessions.
(312) 661-5276 View (312) 661-5276
Photo of Amy Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Amy Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60625
Is your mind racing, always worrying about the future or regretting the past, and you want to be more present in the here and now? Perhaps you hold resentment in relationships because you find yourself giving more than you receive. Do you struggle to name your emotions and tell others how you are feeling? Or maybe life is just so overwhelming you need a dedicated space to process it all with someone who you can trust being vulnerable with.
Is your mind racing, always worrying about the future or regretting the past, and you want to be more present in the here and now? Perhaps you hold resentment in relationships because you find yourself giving more than you receive. Do you struggle to name your emotions and tell others how you are feeling? Or maybe life is just so overwhelming you need a dedicated space to process it all with someone who you can trust being vulnerable with.
View
Photo of Susan Killelea, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Susan Killelea
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
You deserve pleasure, regardless of what you’ve experienced. I can help you develop confidence in communicating your desires, feelings, and boundaries. You’ll learn to not just survive but thrive after trauma. We’ll work on addressing anxiety and avoidance. Sex therapy can help if you want to work on something and your partner doesn’t. In sex therapy, all partners are welcome. You also can attend regular individual therapy if you want to work on sexual shame, trying to date, or exploring gender or sexuality. Together, we’ll explore your mental health challenges – I will join you in this experience as you navigate troubled waters.
You deserve pleasure, regardless of what you’ve experienced. I can help you develop confidence in communicating your desires, feelings, and boundaries. You’ll learn to not just survive but thrive after trauma. We’ll work on addressing anxiety and avoidance. Sex therapy can help if you want to work on something and your partner doesn’t. In sex therapy, all partners are welcome. You also can attend regular individual therapy if you want to work on sexual shame, trying to date, or exploring gender or sexuality. Together, we’ll explore your mental health challenges – I will join you in this experience as you navigate troubled waters.
(312) 945-7124 View (312) 945-7124
Photo of Rocio Reyes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rocio Reyes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60630
Therapy is an adventure where you are the pilot, I your co-pilot, and together we can create a unique path to help you rise to your potential. Beginning your journey in therapy can be a daunting. It is my priority to help guide and support you in a journey that will be a parallel collaboration of learning and rediscovery. I believe that therapy is a fluid process that can help you not only work through distress, but also help discover your strengths and insight. Therapy will empower you by giving your experiences a voice and a say in the outcome of your future.
Therapy is an adventure where you are the pilot, I your co-pilot, and together we can create a unique path to help you rise to your potential. Beginning your journey in therapy can be a daunting. It is my priority to help guide and support you in a journey that will be a parallel collaboration of learning and rediscovery. I believe that therapy is a fluid process that can help you not only work through distress, but also help discover your strengths and insight. Therapy will empower you by giving your experiences a voice and a say in the outcome of your future.
(872) 240-5407 View (872) 240-5407
Photo of Nataka Moore, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Nataka Moore
Psychologist, PsyD, CYT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes we find that life takes us in unexpected directions and we become unsure of ourselves and wonder if we have the coping skills to forge ahead. I work with women and couples who have been successful in many aspects of their life but find they are having difficulty working through this new chapter. Often times we struggle in our relationships as we are transitioning through life transitions. Our relationships are so important in our lives as we all want to feel validated, appreciated and seen by our loved ones. We may find that these relationships are in flux in our life transition and it hurts.
Sometimes we find that life takes us in unexpected directions and we become unsure of ourselves and wonder if we have the coping skills to forge ahead. I work with women and couples who have been successful in many aspects of their life but find they are having difficulty working through this new chapter. Often times we struggle in our relationships as we are transitioning through life transitions. Our relationships are so important in our lives as we all want to feel validated, appreciated and seen by our loved ones. We may find that these relationships are in flux in our life transition and it hurts.
(312) 516-4353 View (312) 516-4353
Photo of Abigayle T. Pfeiffer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Abigayle T. Pfeiffer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Hello! My name is Abby, and my therapeutic style is direct, flexible, and collaborative. In my work, I won't just listen and nod. I will be an engaged participant who asks pointed questions, offers feedback, and challenges you when necessary. I believe therapy is a partnership, and the real experts in the room are her clients.
Hello! My name is Abby, and my therapeutic style is direct, flexible, and collaborative. In my work, I won't just listen and nod. I will be an engaged participant who asks pointed questions, offers feedback, and challenges you when necessary. I believe therapy is a partnership, and the real experts in the room are her clients.
(773) 912-0822 View (773) 912-0822
Photo of Cindy L McKinzie, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Cindy L McKinzie
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I have worked with hundreds of people through the healing and change process, addressing issues such as depression, anxiety, grief & loss, and trauma. I have a particular interest in helping people flourish through transitions and changes such as relationship re-evaluation, break-up/separation/divorce, quarterlife and midlife adjustments, aging, career realignment, starting/graduating from college or graduate school, pandemic impact, and coping with chronic illnesses. I completed basic EMDR training and welcome using this modality as part of the therapy process.
I have worked with hundreds of people through the healing and change process, addressing issues such as depression, anxiety, grief & loss, and trauma. I have a particular interest in helping people flourish through transitions and changes such as relationship re-evaluation, break-up/separation/divorce, quarterlife and midlife adjustments, aging, career realignment, starting/graduating from college or graduate school, pandemic impact, and coping with chronic illnesses. I completed basic EMDR training and welcome using this modality as part of the therapy process.
View
Photo of Sex + Relationship Therapist Dr. Jennifer Litner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sex + Relationship Therapist Dr. Jennifer Litner
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MSc, MEd, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I work with couples and individuals coping with anxiety, relationship issues, parenthood challenges, life transitions and sexuality-related concerns. I have extensive clinical experience treating sexual pain/discomfort, loss of intimacy, changes in sexual desire/arousal, and performance anxiety. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples deepen their understanding of their own intimate needs as they strive to reconnect, cultivate love and ignite passion within their relationships. I aim to foster an environment where insight, curiosity, creativity and psychological safety are present throughout treatment.
I work with couples and individuals coping with anxiety, relationship issues, parenthood challenges, life transitions and sexuality-related concerns. I have extensive clinical experience treating sexual pain/discomfort, loss of intimacy, changes in sexual desire/arousal, and performance anxiety. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples deepen their understanding of their own intimate needs as they strive to reconnect, cultivate love and ignite passion within their relationships. I aim to foster an environment where insight, curiosity, creativity and psychological safety are present throughout treatment.
(847) 978-6252 View (847) 978-6252
Photo of Blakely Counseling Services, Inc., Counselor in Chicago, IL
Blakely Counseling Services, Inc.
Counselor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
Dr. Colette Blakely, LCPC, is the Director of BLAKELY Counseling Services. She has been active in the counseling field for the past 22+ years. Dr. Blakely works with adults, teens, and couples experiencing anxiety, depression, lifestyle concerns, grief, and other mental health concerns. She is certified as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in Illinois. She has her terminal degree from Regent University in Counseling and Psychology; she also holds a master's degree in School Counseling from Concordia University and is certified as a School Counselor. Her professional affiliations include the National Certified Counseling, the American Counseling Association, and the American School Counselor Association.
Dr. Colette Blakely, LCPC, is the Director of BLAKELY Counseling Services. She has been active in the counseling field for the past 22+ years. Dr. Blakely works with adults, teens, and couples experiencing anxiety, depression, lifestyle concerns, grief, and other mental health concerns. She is certified as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in Illinois. She has her terminal degree from Regent University in Counseling and Psychology; she also holds a master's degree in School Counseling from Concordia University and is certified as a School Counselor. Her professional affiliations include the National Certified Counseling, the American Counseling Association, and the American School Counselor Association.
(312) 313-3462 View (312) 313-3462
Photo of Dr. Sierrah Avant, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Dr. Sierrah Avant
Pre-Licensed Professional, Psy D
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611
Hi there! I have a Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and am a Post-Doctoral Fellow. I am in my 7th year of supervised clinical experience helping youth and families with various mental health concerns through various treatment modalities. Before joining a private group practice, I worked primarily in community mental health outpatient centers and schools. I have experience working with marginalized children, teens, and adults with various psychosocial concerns through various organizations. Additionally, I approach therapy from an integrative perspective, focusing primarily on cognitive-behavioral and client-centered therapy.
Hi there! I have a Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and am a Post-Doctoral Fellow. I am in my 7th year of supervised clinical experience helping youth and families with various mental health concerns through various treatment modalities. Before joining a private group practice, I worked primarily in community mental health outpatient centers and schools. I have experience working with marginalized children, teens, and adults with various psychosocial concerns through various organizations. Additionally, I approach therapy from an integrative perspective, focusing primarily on cognitive-behavioral and client-centered therapy.
(872) 259-7908 View (872) 259-7908
Photo of Susan Pelton, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Susan Pelton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60604
The clients who come to me are having difficulty creating the lives that they want for themselves. Sometimes this is due to trauma in their background and other times it is due to other things that are blocking their personal goals such as grief or a break-up/divorce. Clients who work best with me are ones who want to build their internal resources so that they can knowingly move forward in whatever direction they choose.
The clients who come to me are having difficulty creating the lives that they want for themselves. Sometimes this is due to trauma in their background and other times it is due to other things that are blocking their personal goals such as grief or a break-up/divorce. Clients who work best with me are ones who want to build their internal resources so that they can knowingly move forward in whatever direction they choose.
(312) 436-0601 View (312) 436-0601

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.