Therapists in Dallas, TX

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Photo of Deena Harbaugh, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Deena Harbaugh
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75206
Hello! I am Deena Harbaugh. My practice focuses on adults struggling with the aftereffects of incest/sexual abuse, domestic violence, depression, anxiety, trauma, family of origin issues, divorce, marriage conflict, and LGBTQ issues.
Hello! I am Deena Harbaugh. My practice focuses on adults struggling with the aftereffects of incest/sexual abuse, domestic violence, depression, anxiety, trauma, family of origin issues, divorce, marriage conflict, and LGBTQ issues.
(469) 892-8917 View (469) 892-8917
Photo of Regina DeBilio, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Regina DeBilio
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A, CPTT-C, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75204  (Online Only)
Regina is passionate about working with couples experiencing betrayal trauma and addiction to restore or create a secure attachment. She has training in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), an attachment based modality that tracks the negative interaction cycle and patterns that cause distress and result in insecure attachment and disconnection. She gently guides the couple to explore themselves and their partner, learn to emotionally regulate, and cope with negative feelings in more healthy ways. Additionally, she is EMDR trained and can provide researched-based techniques for clients experiencing trauma and symptoms of PTSD.
Regina is passionate about working with couples experiencing betrayal trauma and addiction to restore or create a secure attachment. She has training in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), an attachment based modality that tracks the negative interaction cycle and patterns that cause distress and result in insecure attachment and disconnection. She gently guides the couple to explore themselves and their partner, learn to emotionally regulate, and cope with negative feelings in more healthy ways. Additionally, she is EMDR trained and can provide researched-based techniques for clients experiencing trauma and symptoms of PTSD.
(972) 787-1603 View (972) 787-1603
Photo of Joyce Kay Hamilton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Joyce Kay Hamilton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MLA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75206
My counseling and therapy practice is designed to cut through that "Clinical Approach". Client reviews verify I am friendly, easy to talk with, and can quickly determine the root cause of the challenges you are encountering, and then formulate an individual plan for your progress. I can teach you how to feel genuinely happy, proud, and fulfilled. Concerned about payment? I operate on a sliding scale and, if you have insurance, I can assist you with those billing issues.
My counseling and therapy practice is designed to cut through that "Clinical Approach". Client reviews verify I am friendly, easy to talk with, and can quickly determine the root cause of the challenges you are encountering, and then formulate an individual plan for your progress. I can teach you how to feel genuinely happy, proud, and fulfilled. Concerned about payment? I operate on a sliding scale and, if you have insurance, I can assist you with those billing issues.
(214) 444-5132 View (214) 444-5132
Photo of Brenai Blanton, Licensed Master Social Worker in Dallas, TX
Brenai Blanton
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75247  (Online Only)
Let's talk about the stuff that's on your mind, the real challenges you're facing. Let's unpack the baggage of self-doubt. I want to create a space where you can lay it all out, no judgment, just understanding. Life's throwing stress your way... expectations, relationships, all of it. Picture a life where you're not just enduring, but flourishing—embracing your uniqueness and rewriting your story. I'm here to be your sounding board, your support system, and your cheerleader.
Let's talk about the stuff that's on your mind, the real challenges you're facing. Let's unpack the baggage of self-doubt. I want to create a space where you can lay it all out, no judgment, just understanding. Life's throwing stress your way... expectations, relationships, all of it. Picture a life where you're not just enduring, but flourishing—embracing your uniqueness and rewriting your story. I'm here to be your sounding board, your support system, and your cheerleader.
(469) 966-7910 View (469) 966-7910
Photo of Kana Lastovica, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Kana Lastovica
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, 57618
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
I am a psychotherapist with over 10 years of experience working with adults who struggle with very challenging emotional experiences. They may feel stuck, overwhelmed, out-of-control, anxious, angry, unhappy, depressed, alone, defective, or broken. This may translate into engaging in behaviors that both soothe them and hurt them, whether these involve food, alcohol, drugs, self-harm, unhealthy relationships, or even being over-busy or perfectionist.
I am a psychotherapist with over 10 years of experience working with adults who struggle with very challenging emotional experiences. They may feel stuck, overwhelmed, out-of-control, anxious, angry, unhappy, depressed, alone, defective, or broken. This may translate into engaging in behaviors that both soothe them and hurt them, whether these involve food, alcohol, drugs, self-harm, unhealthy relationships, or even being over-busy or perfectionist.
(214) 705-3361 View (214) 705-3361
Photo of Jeff Baldridge, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Jeff Baldridge
Psychologist, PhD, CHT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
An untapped potential to heal, to overcome and to excel lies within each of us. Unlocking this latent potential is at the core of my practice providing counseling as a psychologist in Dallas, Texas. My desire to bring clients faster, more effective and more enduring results led me to create a practice that bridges traditional therapy approaches, coaching techniques and medical hypnotherapy. As a result, you reduce stress, improve motivation and attain goals. By gaining insight and self-management tools, you can make lasting changes to your personal and professional life.
An untapped potential to heal, to overcome and to excel lies within each of us. Unlocking this latent potential is at the core of my practice providing counseling as a psychologist in Dallas, Texas. My desire to bring clients faster, more effective and more enduring results led me to create a practice that bridges traditional therapy approaches, coaching techniques and medical hypnotherapy. As a result, you reduce stress, improve motivation and attain goals. By gaining insight and self-management tools, you can make lasting changes to your personal and professional life.
(214) 717-6732 View (214) 717-6732
Photo of Keisha L. Butler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Keisha L. Butler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, LLC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75201  (Online Only)
Keisha is a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor who has experience with a wide range of mental health issues. She is dedicated to helping individuals reach their optimal capacity in discovering a variety of solutions to cope with challenging every day life issues. She believes that each individual has it within himself/herself to discover a holistic way of living encompassing a healthy mind, body, soul and spirit. Keisha's commitment is to create an environment in which her clients feel comfortable and safe to explore their innermost thoughts,needs and emotions.
Keisha is a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor who has experience with a wide range of mental health issues. She is dedicated to helping individuals reach their optimal capacity in discovering a variety of solutions to cope with challenging every day life issues. She believes that each individual has it within himself/herself to discover a holistic way of living encompassing a healthy mind, body, soul and spirit. Keisha's commitment is to create an environment in which her clients feel comfortable and safe to explore their innermost thoughts,needs and emotions.
(214) 901-7748 View (214) 901-7748
Photo of Ashley Robinson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Ashley Robinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor in the state of Louisiana, with several years’ experience in mental health counseling. I received a Master's of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Southern University A&M College. Throughout my clinical career I have worked with adult and adolescent clients from various backgrounds with acute and chronic mental illness, as well as dual diagnosis. I approach therapy with an eclectic, flexible mix of strength based, mindful and CBT based approach.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor in the state of Louisiana, with several years’ experience in mental health counseling. I received a Master's of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Southern University A&M College. Throughout my clinical career I have worked with adult and adolescent clients from various backgrounds with acute and chronic mental illness, as well as dual diagnosis. I approach therapy with an eclectic, flexible mix of strength based, mindful and CBT based approach.
(225) 269-5097 View (225) 269-5097
Photo of Jessica Brazeal, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Jessica Brazeal
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75246
I'm ready to be on your team! Therapy should be a collaboration between you and your therapist. YOU are the expert on you. And I would love to be on your team. If you have experienced scary or painful experiences that you just can't seem to move on from, I can help you with this! I have a long background of working with people who have experienced abuse in relationships and significant past childhood traumas. I have also worked with many people who have experienced religious trauma or changes in their faith that have impacted their worldview and would love to help you with this!
I'm ready to be on your team! Therapy should be a collaboration between you and your therapist. YOU are the expert on you. And I would love to be on your team. If you have experienced scary or painful experiences that you just can't seem to move on from, I can help you with this! I have a long background of working with people who have experienced abuse in relationships and significant past childhood traumas. I have also worked with many people who have experienced religious trauma or changes in their faith that have impacted their worldview and would love to help you with this!
(214) 225-4028 View (214) 225-4028
Photo of Lakisha Hayes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Lakisha Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas and I enjoy helping clients to see progress and make positive change.
Hi! I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas and I enjoy helping clients to see progress and make positive change.
(469) 523-4512 View (469) 523-4512
Photo of Jennifer Wolf Bradford, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Jennifer Wolf Bradford
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in life, or simply needing support? Maybe you have been struggling for a while? I approach therapy as an opportunity to listen, provide support, and assist you in developing clarity as well as new tools for addressing your concerns. I offer compassion, empowerment, and encouragement in a warm, non-judgmental environment conducive to growth and change. Therapy can provide relief, insight, and strategies to help you become or return to your best version of yourself.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in life, or simply needing support? Maybe you have been struggling for a while? I approach therapy as an opportunity to listen, provide support, and assist you in developing clarity as well as new tools for addressing your concerns. I offer compassion, empowerment, and encouragement in a warm, non-judgmental environment conducive to growth and change. Therapy can provide relief, insight, and strategies to help you become or return to your best version of yourself.
(972) 627-4403 View (972) 627-4403
Photo of Joshua Ryan Walsh, Counselor in Dallas, TX
Joshua Ryan Walsh
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75248
Chances are that if you are reading this, either you or someone you care about, are longing for some help and perhaps hope. Whatever has led to where you currently are does not have to be your future, and my approach is to come alongside, in order to move forward in a way that will promote change. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, and my area of focus is working with children, adolescents, and adults.
Chances are that if you are reading this, either you or someone you care about, are longing for some help and perhaps hope. Whatever has led to where you currently are does not have to be your future, and my approach is to come alongside, in order to move forward in a way that will promote change. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, and my area of focus is working with children, adolescents, and adults.
(972) 954-1994 x6 View (972) 954-1994 x6
Photo of Dr. Dewone Bennett, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Dr. Dewone Bennett
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75230
Are you simply looking for someone to talk to who will give you honest, straightforward feedback without feeling judged? Look no further. I provide therapy to individuals, families, and groups, as well as workshops, education, parenting, mentoring, and consultation. I accept everyone regardless of race, sex, income, religion, or sexual orientation. If you commit to change, I am committed to helping you identify the skills necessary for the fundamental changes you desire. I will help you improve your communication problems, confidence, and assertiveness and build on your strengths to handle difficult times better.
Are you simply looking for someone to talk to who will give you honest, straightforward feedback without feeling judged? Look no further. I provide therapy to individuals, families, and groups, as well as workshops, education, parenting, mentoring, and consultation. I accept everyone regardless of race, sex, income, religion, or sexual orientation. If you commit to change, I am committed to helping you identify the skills necessary for the fundamental changes you desire. I will help you improve your communication problems, confidence, and assertiveness and build on your strengths to handle difficult times better.
(972) 853-9874 View (972) 853-9874
Photo of Dr. Kimberly Burdine, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Dr. Kimberly Burdine
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My work is centered in imagining liberation and healing free from anti-Black racism, colonialism, state violence, cissexism, ableism, capitalism, xenophobia and any form of systemic oppression. I am committed to the healing and liberation of Black folx, particularly those in the margins. Queer, disabled, immigrant, women, young, Black folx have a right to be well and access quality mental health care. As a queer Black woman, who has benefitted from community, healing, and affirmation, it is meaningful and spiritually fulfilling to offer support to folx with similar identities.
My work is centered in imagining liberation and healing free from anti-Black racism, colonialism, state violence, cissexism, ableism, capitalism, xenophobia and any form of systemic oppression. I am committed to the healing and liberation of Black folx, particularly those in the margins. Queer, disabled, immigrant, women, young, Black folx have a right to be well and access quality mental health care. As a queer Black woman, who has benefitted from community, healing, and affirmation, it is meaningful and spiritually fulfilling to offer support to folx with similar identities.
(469) 933-0841 View (469) 933-0841
Photo of Elizabeth Berman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Elizabeth Berman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75204
I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, mood disorders, trauma, PTSD, disordered eating, and self-harm in adults and adolescents. I aim to guide you through conflict resolution and support your healing journey from trauma.
I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, mood disorders, trauma, PTSD, disordered eating, and self-harm in adults and adolescents. I aim to guide you through conflict resolution and support your healing journey from trauma.
(512) 768-2731 View (512) 768-2731
Photo of Anntonia Lee, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Anntonia Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75230
Seeking help is not an easy thing to do, yet it is one of the best decisions you can make for yourself and those around you. You deserve to be seen and heard and when you decide to take the first step to seek counseling, I will listen with no judgment, and provide empathy and honest feedback. I have experience working with pre-teens, teenagers, and adults of all ages. I provide therapy to individuals, families, and groups for those who may be facing depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, domestic violence, and grief. If you are ready to make a change, I am ready to listen and provide the skills necessary to help you make the change.
Seeking help is not an easy thing to do, yet it is one of the best decisions you can make for yourself and those around you. You deserve to be seen and heard and when you decide to take the first step to seek counseling, I will listen with no judgment, and provide empathy and honest feedback. I have experience working with pre-teens, teenagers, and adults of all ages. I provide therapy to individuals, families, and groups for those who may be facing depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, domestic violence, and grief. If you are ready to make a change, I am ready to listen and provide the skills necessary to help you make the change.
(469) 364-4741 View (469) 364-4741
Photo of Aryeh Minkin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Dallas, TX
Aryeh Minkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75202  (Online Only)
Schedule with me on my website! Hi! I am Aryeh (pronounced AR-yay.) I am a therapist licensed in NY/TX/Fl. I help people understand and cope with a variety of mild, moderate or severe life circumstances and/or emotional, behavioral or cognitive concerns. I specialize in trauma/PTSD and have extensive training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. I have also trained in DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy), narrative therapy and EFT (Emotionally-Focused Therapy). Additionally, I treat anxiety, stress, grief, low self esteem, personality disorders and building effective boundaries with family/relationships.
Schedule with me on my website! Hi! I am Aryeh (pronounced AR-yay.) I am a therapist licensed in NY/TX/Fl. I help people understand and cope with a variety of mild, moderate or severe life circumstances and/or emotional, behavioral or cognitive concerns. I specialize in trauma/PTSD and have extensive training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. I have also trained in DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy), narrative therapy and EFT (Emotionally-Focused Therapy). Additionally, I treat anxiety, stress, grief, low self esteem, personality disorders and building effective boundaries with family/relationships.
(214) 256-1355 View (214) 256-1355
Photo of Vivian Munera-Spears, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Vivian Munera-Spears
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Finding a counselor you can establish a rapport with, and become vulnerable with can be anxiety causing enough. Being open to the therapeutic process and understanding that things may get worse before they get better when implementing meaningful change, is a risk. That is part of the journey. I have been in the counseling field for over 15 years, after serving in the military. I worked as a school counselor and college counselor.
Finding a counselor you can establish a rapport with, and become vulnerable with can be anxiety causing enough. Being open to the therapeutic process and understanding that things may get worse before they get better when implementing meaningful change, is a risk. That is part of the journey. I have been in the counseling field for over 15 years, after serving in the military. I worked as a school counselor and college counselor.
(469) 306-4858 View (469) 306-4858
Photo of Julia C Stacy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Julia C Stacy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75206  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck and overwhelmed right now? Could you really use more positive support to help empower you to create the fulfilling life you deserve? With over 25 years of experience, I continue to be passionate about helping my clients to accomplish just that! I utilize a Cognitive Behavioral approach and my therapeutic environment is a safe and accepting space filled with curiosity, humor and compassion. With my extensive experience and training, you can trust that you are in the rights hands from the get-go. Be ready to learn how to overcome what's holding you back so you are able to reach all of your goals ASAP!
Are you feeling stuck and overwhelmed right now? Could you really use more positive support to help empower you to create the fulfilling life you deserve? With over 25 years of experience, I continue to be passionate about helping my clients to accomplish just that! I utilize a Cognitive Behavioral approach and my therapeutic environment is a safe and accepting space filled with curiosity, humor and compassion. With my extensive experience and training, you can trust that you are in the rights hands from the get-go. Be ready to learn how to overcome what's holding you back so you are able to reach all of your goals ASAP!
(972) 325-5280 View (972) 325-5280
Photo of Justin Ellis, LPC Associate in Dallas, TX
Justin Ellis
LPC Associate, MS
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75240  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate under the supervision of Erin James, MA, LPC-S. I am the owner of Determined Legacy Counseling LLC. Do you feel stuck, stressed about life issues, or have relational conflicts with family or friends? It is important to verbalize your thoughts with another person as it can alleviate the pressure one may be under in life's journey. As a trauma-informed mental health therapist, I desire to provide a safe environment to meet individuals where they are and collaborate with them to build upon their innate strengths.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate under the supervision of Erin James, MA, LPC-S. I am the owner of Determined Legacy Counseling LLC. Do you feel stuck, stressed about life issues, or have relational conflicts with family or friends? It is important to verbalize your thoughts with another person as it can alleviate the pressure one may be under in life's journey. As a trauma-informed mental health therapist, I desire to provide a safe environment to meet individuals where they are and collaborate with them to build upon their innate strengths.
(214) 393-5516 View (214) 393-5516

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dallas, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Dallas, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Dallas, TX see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dallas?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.