Therapists in Glen Allen, VA

Photo of Katelyn Kiley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
Katelyn Kiley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059
Not accepting new clients
Katelyn Kiley, LPC, is a well-rounded clinician with experience in outpatient, community, and family settings. She is equipped to support clients through whatever challenges they face, including but not limited to: anxiety, depression, and trauma, as well as managing stress, navigating life transitions, and coping with interpersonal difficulties. She enjoys working with clients to help them connect to their present-moment experience and explore their values in order to discover what they need to create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling for them.
Katelyn Kiley, LPC, is a well-rounded clinician with experience in outpatient, community, and family settings. She is equipped to support clients through whatever challenges they face, including but not limited to: anxiety, depression, and trauma, as well as managing stress, navigating life transitions, and coping with interpersonal difficulties. She enjoys working with clients to help them connect to their present-moment experience and explore their values in order to discover what they need to create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling for them.
(804) 294-4426 x1 View (804) 294-4426 x1
Photo of Noah Cason, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Noah Cason
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059  (Online Only)
What would it be like to experience the world, and yourself, without the assumption that you are a problem to be fixed? This is one of the questions I love to explore in my work with clients. I believe all people are inherently worthy, resilient, and capable of growth (Yep, even you). I work collaboratively with my clients to uncover their unique values and strengths while identifying practical strategies and resources to make life more comfortable now. I strive to create a warm, casual, and affirming environment for my clients.
What would it be like to experience the world, and yourself, without the assumption that you are a problem to be fixed? This is one of the questions I love to explore in my work with clients. I believe all people are inherently worthy, resilient, and capable of growth (Yep, even you). I work collaboratively with my clients to uncover their unique values and strengths while identifying practical strategies and resources to make life more comfortable now. I strive to create a warm, casual, and affirming environment for my clients.
(804) 331-8243 View (804) 331-8243
Photo of Kaley Wresch, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Glen Allen, VA
Kaley Wresch
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW, SISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059
Kaley Wresch is a Supervisee in Social Work. She received her B.A. in History and B.S. in Mathematics from Drake University, and started out in academia before realizing she wanted to do more to work directly with people. Kaley then pivoted to pursue her Masters in Social Work from the University of Kentucky. Following the completion of her MSW, Kaley worked in the field of victim services, working with victims and victim advocates all across the state.
Kaley Wresch is a Supervisee in Social Work. She received her B.A. in History and B.S. in Mathematics from Drake University, and started out in academia before realizing she wanted to do more to work directly with people. Kaley then pivoted to pursue her Masters in Social Work from the University of Kentucky. Following the completion of her MSW, Kaley worked in the field of victim services, working with victims and victim advocates all across the state.
(804) 567-8681 View (804) 567-8681
Photo of Zoe Therapy Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Zoe Therapy Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I believe there is meaning in symptoms. We are designed to thrive. When something is out of balance our mind/body/spirit/relationships present symptoms to ask us to pay attention. I specialize in helping people discover what needs their attention. Then, I help people learn new skills so they are equipped to respond more effectively to their needs. I offer support as people practice necessary changes in their thoughts, managing their emotions, and interacting with others and their circumstances. Finally, I encourage and guide people as they seek to fully actualize their potential.
I believe there is meaning in symptoms. We are designed to thrive. When something is out of balance our mind/body/spirit/relationships present symptoms to ask us to pay attention. I specialize in helping people discover what needs their attention. Then, I help people learn new skills so they are equipped to respond more effectively to their needs. I offer support as people practice necessary changes in their thoughts, managing their emotions, and interacting with others and their circumstances. Finally, I encourage and guide people as they seek to fully actualize their potential.
(804) 250-3571 View (804) 250-3571
Photo of Acacia Counseling & Consultative Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
Acacia Counseling & Consultative Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23058  (Online Only)
Hello My name is Domonique Wilson, I am the owner of and a therapist at Acacia Counseling. Our diverse and skilled team of therapist's are currently taking new clients. Are you in a space where you are ready for your life to be different? Are you wanting to change, but are not sure where to start? Therapy can help navigate this process. The therapist at Acacia Counseling are skilled in developing person centered plans to meet your needs. Together you will explore goals and the skills necessary to be successful. Health and wellness are a top priority at Acacia Counseling so we offer solution focused, empirical and wholistic services.
Hello My name is Domonique Wilson, I am the owner of and a therapist at Acacia Counseling. Our diverse and skilled team of therapist's are currently taking new clients. Are you in a space where you are ready for your life to be different? Are you wanting to change, but are not sure where to start? Therapy can help navigate this process. The therapist at Acacia Counseling are skilled in developing person centered plans to meet your needs. Together you will explore goals and the skills necessary to be successful. Health and wellness are a top priority at Acacia Counseling so we offer solution focused, empirical and wholistic services.
(804) 538-3624 View (804) 538-3624
Photo of Tricia P Van Rossum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Tricia P Van Rossum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I have over fifteen years of mental health experience with children, adolescents, and adults with various clinical presentations. I have provided individual and group therapy in an outpatient setting, inpatient setting, and a residential treatment facility setting. My primary focus is on addressing the mental health needs of children and adolescents diagnosed with depression, anxiety, trauma-related disorders, and oppositional defiance. As a Certified Sex Offender Treatment Provider, I also offer counseling to individuals in need of treatment to address inappropriate sexual behaviors, with a primary focus on adolescents and women wi
I have over fifteen years of mental health experience with children, adolescents, and adults with various clinical presentations. I have provided individual and group therapy in an outpatient setting, inpatient setting, and a residential treatment facility setting. My primary focus is on addressing the mental health needs of children and adolescents diagnosed with depression, anxiety, trauma-related disorders, and oppositional defiance. As a Certified Sex Offender Treatment Provider, I also offer counseling to individuals in need of treatment to address inappropriate sexual behaviors, with a primary focus on adolescents and women wi
(804) 361-9142 View (804) 361-9142
Photo of Alesha Lieser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Alesha Lieser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Alesha Lieser is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia who has been practicing since 2016. She obtained her Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Social Work from Aurora University. Alesha has eight years of clinical training working with children, adolescents, and adults in community-based and hospital settings. Specifically, she has unique, specialized experience working with military veterans, children with chronic illnesses, and individuals experiencing complicated grief.
Alesha Lieser is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia who has been practicing since 2016. She obtained her Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Social Work from Aurora University. Alesha has eight years of clinical training working with children, adolescents, and adults in community-based and hospital settings. Specifically, she has unique, specialized experience working with military veterans, children with chronic illnesses, and individuals experiencing complicated grief.
(804) 265-4380 View (804) 265-4380
Photo of Maureen Macias, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Maureen Macias
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
I primarily work with older adolescents and adults. I promote a supportive environment to provide a trusting and caring venue for my clients to explore their concerns. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia. My practice focuses on many concerns, but in particular I work with those who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, addiction, trauma, anxiety, relationship concerns and depression. I believe in recovery from symptoms, and find that individuals are interested in moving forward with their goals. My overall approach is to be actively engaged with each client to promote healing, growth and recovery.
I primarily work with older adolescents and adults. I promote a supportive environment to provide a trusting and caring venue for my clients to explore their concerns. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia. My practice focuses on many concerns, but in particular I work with those who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, addiction, trauma, anxiety, relationship concerns and depression. I believe in recovery from symptoms, and find that individuals are interested in moving forward with their goals. My overall approach is to be actively engaged with each client to promote healing, growth and recovery.
(833) 352-2572 View (833) 352-2572
Photo of Rachel Boykin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
Rachel Boykin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Rachel Boykin is a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia. When you meet Rachel, you will find a person who has the privilege and honor to combine her two strongest passions: counseling and helping others. You will see that Rachel’s counseling style is multimodal, incorporating several evidence-based techniques from CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy. Rachel believes authenticity, collaboration, and trust are integral for a working relationship with her clients. She is a strong advocate for increasing multicultural competency and ethical standards in the field.
Rachel Boykin is a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia. When you meet Rachel, you will find a person who has the privilege and honor to combine her two strongest passions: counseling and helping others. You will see that Rachel’s counseling style is multimodal, incorporating several evidence-based techniques from CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy. Rachel believes authenticity, collaboration, and trust are integral for a working relationship with her clients. She is a strong advocate for increasing multicultural competency and ethical standards in the field.
(804) 567-8246 View (804) 567-8246
Photo of Graham Canada, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
Graham Canada
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
As a therapist I have experience working in residential care facilities, schools and outpatient settings. I received my Masters in Clinical Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology and my Bachelors in Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. I currently work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presentations.
As a therapist I have experience working in residential care facilities, schools and outpatient settings. I received my Masters in Clinical Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology and my Bachelors in Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. I currently work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presentations.
(804) 455-8238 View (804) 455-8238
Photo of David Sorrentino, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
David Sorrentino
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Nothing excites and humbles me more than being given the opportunity to help others make a combination of small changes that result in a significantly improved quality of life. Whether it is a teenager that is resistant to their parents / authority figures or a family that needs to hit the reset button, I have found success in assisting clients look at their behaviors and relationships from a new perspective, which has led them to make positive changes. I'm passionate about helping my clients navigate life changes and manage distress and other mood issues.
Nothing excites and humbles me more than being given the opportunity to help others make a combination of small changes that result in a significantly improved quality of life. Whether it is a teenager that is resistant to their parents / authority figures or a family that needs to hit the reset button, I have found success in assisting clients look at their behaviors and relationships from a new perspective, which has led them to make positive changes. I'm passionate about helping my clients navigate life changes and manage distress and other mood issues.
(804) 409-9704 View (804) 409-9704
Photo of Amanda L. Campbell, Psychologist in Glen Allen, VA
Amanda L. Campbell
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Life can throw us stressful and even traumatic experiences that can cause us to feel like we are in an emotional gridlock, trapped in a cycle of the same feelings, behaviors, and thoughts we want to become free of. I invite you to continue reading if you are ready to begin your journey to becoming “unstuck."
Life can throw us stressful and even traumatic experiences that can cause us to feel like we are in an emotional gridlock, trapped in a cycle of the same feelings, behaviors, and thoughts we want to become free of. I invite you to continue reading if you are ready to begin your journey to becoming “unstuck."
(804) 250-1379 View (804) 250-1379
Photo of Lindsey Koerner, Pre-Licensed Professional in Glen Allen, VA
Lindsey Koerner
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23059
Have you felt like the rug has been pulled out from under you? That life is not going the way you expected? The first question is "why?" closely followed by "what now?" When this happens it can be hard to refocus, adjust expectations, and strengthen your purpose. Sometimes the struggle comes as part of an external event, like losing a job, yet often it's part of a more internal tug-of-war, like a lack of self-confidence. I would like to partner with you to help as you build resilience, process loss and unresolved issues; moving forward with purpose and hope in alignment with your strengths and values.
Have you felt like the rug has been pulled out from under you? That life is not going the way you expected? The first question is "why?" closely followed by "what now?" When this happens it can be hard to refocus, adjust expectations, and strengthen your purpose. Sometimes the struggle comes as part of an external event, like losing a job, yet often it's part of a more internal tug-of-war, like a lack of self-confidence. I would like to partner with you to help as you build resilience, process loss and unresolved issues; moving forward with purpose and hope in alignment with your strengths and values.
(804) 373-7760 View (804) 373-7760
Photo of Sarah Rebecca Spinner, Pre-Licensed Professional in Glen Allen, VA
Sarah Rebecca Spinner
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LSISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059
You are the driver in our sessions, and I am here to help and guide you through your journey! My goal as a therapist is to create a safe space for the client to identify their feelings, process life situations, and how to navigate challenges. Whether a potential client needs support, a listening ear, and/or treatment solutions - I am here to help.
You are the driver in our sessions, and I am here to help and guide you through your journey! My goal as a therapist is to create a safe space for the client to identify their feelings, process life situations, and how to navigate challenges. Whether a potential client needs support, a listening ear, and/or treatment solutions - I am here to help.
(804) 531-5935 View (804) 531-5935
Photo of Beth Geiger, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Glen Allen, VA
Beth Geiger
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I’m a MSW and Supervisee in Social Work with 9 years of experience, offering a compassionate, client-centered approach to my work with individuals from early childhood through adulthood. I work collaboratively with clients to build skills to manage emotions, improve interpersonal connections, increase resilience, and deepen their self compassion in order to create positive change in their lives.
I’m a MSW and Supervisee in Social Work with 9 years of experience, offering a compassionate, client-centered approach to my work with individuals from early childhood through adulthood. I work collaboratively with clients to build skills to manage emotions, improve interpersonal connections, increase resilience, and deepen their self compassion in order to create positive change in their lives.
(804) 446-4019 x1009 View (804) 446-4019 x1009
Photo of Andrew Bako, Pre-Licensed Professional in Glen Allen, VA
Andrew Bako
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059  (Online Only)
Andrew Bako (he/him) is a Supervisee in Social Work and earned his MSW at Virginia Commonwealth University. Over the past several years, Andrew has worked with a diverse group of individuals in outpatient therapy and crisis settings. He specializes in trauma-informed care to ensure a safe, supportive, and nonjudgemental environment for healing.
Andrew Bako (he/him) is a Supervisee in Social Work and earned his MSW at Virginia Commonwealth University. Over the past several years, Andrew has worked with a diverse group of individuals in outpatient therapy and crisis settings. He specializes in trauma-informed care to ensure a safe, supportive, and nonjudgemental environment for healing.
(804) 626-9256 View (804) 626-9256
Photo of Deja B Howard, Pre-Licensed Professional in Glen Allen, VA
Deja B Howard
Pre-Licensed Professional, SISW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I welcome those who are experiencing grief/loss, life adjustments, stress, anxiety, and PTSD. Sometimes we can find ourselves not wanting to burden those around us with our worries, or we just don't feel understood. Know that my space is one where you will be heard, validated, and seen. Common goals I work on with people can include: developing healthy coping skills, decreasing the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and increasing people's ability for self-compassion. The individuals I work with are just trying to show up for themselves and the people that are in their lives, and that starts with taking care of themselves.
I welcome those who are experiencing grief/loss, life adjustments, stress, anxiety, and PTSD. Sometimes we can find ourselves not wanting to burden those around us with our worries, or we just don't feel understood. Know that my space is one where you will be heard, validated, and seen. Common goals I work on with people can include: developing healthy coping skills, decreasing the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and increasing people's ability for self-compassion. The individuals I work with are just trying to show up for themselves and the people that are in their lives, and that starts with taking care of themselves.
(804) 315-3453 View (804) 315-3453
Photo of Karl G. Memmer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
Karl G. Memmer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23059
I provide high quality counseling and mental health services to children, teens and adults in Virginia. All individuals will face challenges in life, and we all possess the ability to overcome them. However, sometimes circumstances can feel overwhelming and we struggle to manage the realities of everyday life. This is when feelings of depression, anxiety and hopelessness can begin to dominate our daily reality. The good news is, by combining scientifically proven methods, you can build the resilience skills necessary to thrive, no matter what circumstances you face.
I provide high quality counseling and mental health services to children, teens and adults in Virginia. All individuals will face challenges in life, and we all possess the ability to overcome them. However, sometimes circumstances can feel overwhelming and we struggle to manage the realities of everyday life. This is when feelings of depression, anxiety and hopelessness can begin to dominate our daily reality. The good news is, by combining scientifically proven methods, you can build the resilience skills necessary to thrive, no matter what circumstances you face.
(804) 409-6191 View (804) 409-6191
Photo of LaToya Cotman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glen Allen, VA
LaToya Cotman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23059  (Online Only)
Hello! Thank you for taking the time to inquire more about the services I offer. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in VA and a Board Certified Clinical Supervisor for LPC Residents. I offer individual, family, and group counseling to a variety of ages including children, adolescents, and adults.
Hello! Thank you for taking the time to inquire more about the services I offer. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in VA and a Board Certified Clinical Supervisor for LPC Residents. I offer individual, family, and group counseling to a variety of ages including children, adolescents, and adults.
(757) 906-3177 View (757) 906-3177
Photo of Janine Turner LCSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glen Allen, VA
Janine Turner LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23059  (Online Only)
This is a time of great stress and challenge for everyone. You have reached out to begin rebuilding a life a balance and resilience. I am happy to work with you on your journey. In my 35 years of service in working with adults I have come to understand that “one size does not fit all”. You and I will work together to define your own personal goals and develop a path of healing and growth to achieve what is right for your life. I work entirely on-line so that you can access these services in the comfort and privacy of your own home. My hours are from 11:00-3:00 Tues. & Wed. If you are ready to start your journey, please contact me.
This is a time of great stress and challenge for everyone. You have reached out to begin rebuilding a life a balance and resilience. I am happy to work with you on your journey. In my 35 years of service in working with adults I have come to understand that “one size does not fit all”. You and I will work together to define your own personal goals and develop a path of healing and growth to achieve what is right for your life. I work entirely on-line so that you can access these services in the comfort and privacy of your own home. My hours are from 11:00-3:00 Tues. & Wed. If you are ready to start your journey, please contact me.
(804) 373-2313 View (804) 373-2313

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Glen Allen, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Glen Allen, VA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
71% Trauma and PTSD
71% Self Esteem
66% Coping Skills
65% Relationship Issues
65% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% Anthem | Elevance
68% Aetna

How Therapists in Glen Allen, VA see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Glen Allen?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.