Therapists in Holliston, MA

Photo of Gambit Counseling & Coaching, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Gambit Counseling & Coaching
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
We are a group of therapists who promote awareness, provide high-quality education, and support to individuals with mental health and substance use needs. We actively promote skills for self-improvement and methods for continued lifelong self-cultivation. Because of years of emergency team experience, we can work with ages of 8 to 88 who are looking for practical, easy to implement plans to address acute and chronic issues currently impacting their daily lives. We seek to assist these individuals in regaining a sense of control over their own lives and help them develop the skills necessary to live fulfilling lives.
We are a group of therapists who promote awareness, provide high-quality education, and support to individuals with mental health and substance use needs. We actively promote skills for self-improvement and methods for continued lifelong self-cultivation. Because of years of emergency team experience, we can work with ages of 8 to 88 who are looking for practical, easy to implement plans to address acute and chronic issues currently impacting their daily lives. We seek to assist these individuals in regaining a sense of control over their own lives and help them develop the skills necessary to live fulfilling lives.
(508) 590-9897 View (508) 590-9897
Photo of Kristen Patrice Flaven, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Kristen Patrice Flaven
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Not accepting new clients
Greetings! I am a licensed clinical professional counselor. I have supported children and families as a consultant for over 30 years and enjoy working with a variety of different circumstances. In my practice with children, my focus is play therapy centered, along with family therapy. I seek to align with the caregiver in the best interest of their child. In my practice with adults, I seek to listen, respect and value each person's personal story and collaborate with them to promote positive changes.
Greetings! I am a licensed clinical professional counselor. I have supported children and families as a consultant for over 30 years and enjoy working with a variety of different circumstances. In my practice with children, my focus is play therapy centered, along with family therapy. I seek to align with the caregiver in the best interest of their child. In my practice with adults, I seek to listen, respect and value each person's personal story and collaborate with them to promote positive changes.
(978) 643-9467 View (978) 643-9467
Photo of Julie DiCicco, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Julie DiCicco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
Waitlist for new clients
Hello potential client and fellow human. I hope you are proud for taking steps toward improving your life experience. As the founder of Sapphire Counseling, I am dedicated to creating a trusting and comfortable environment where we can work together in identifying and hopefully, achieve your desired outcomes. I pride myself on being authentic, empathetic and skillful at building solid therapeutic relationships with my clients. I will work with you and do my best to make you feel at ease. While I will meet you where you're at in your process, I will assist you in challenging yourself. Change is scary and so is feeling stuck.
Hello potential client and fellow human. I hope you are proud for taking steps toward improving your life experience. As the founder of Sapphire Counseling, I am dedicated to creating a trusting and comfortable environment where we can work together in identifying and hopefully, achieve your desired outcomes. I pride myself on being authentic, empathetic and skillful at building solid therapeutic relationships with my clients. I will work with you and do my best to make you feel at ease. While I will meet you where you're at in your process, I will assist you in challenging yourself. Change is scary and so is feeling stuck.
(508) 306-8679 View (508) 306-8679
Photo of Bretton Torkelson, Psychologist in Holliston, MA
Bretton Torkelson
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Are you a preteen, teenager, or young adult dealing with the challenges of growing up? Do you feel exhausted and undone by navigating all the pressure, uncertainty, and demands? Or are you a parent wanting the best for your child but unsure of how to support them during these critical years? Would you like your family to get along better or feel stronger together? Youth and parents looking for help in managing complex mental health issues, family discord, parenting challenges and the stressors of growing up will benefit from working with an experienced psychologist who specializes in child/adolescent and family wellness.
Are you a preteen, teenager, or young adult dealing with the challenges of growing up? Do you feel exhausted and undone by navigating all the pressure, uncertainty, and demands? Or are you a parent wanting the best for your child but unsure of how to support them during these critical years? Would you like your family to get along better or feel stronger together? Youth and parents looking for help in managing complex mental health issues, family discord, parenting challenges and the stressors of growing up will benefit from working with an experienced psychologist who specializes in child/adolescent and family wellness.
(508) 893-4252 View (508) 893-4252
Photo of Rebecca Morgan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Rebecca Morgan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
My approach is humanistic and existential, addressing both immediate and ultimate concerns of living. If you're feeling stuck and want real change in your life, for conditions such as depression, anxiety or resolving a past trauma, there's no way around taking risks and challenging established behaviors and belief systems. By moving out of your comfort zone, going deep inside yourself and far into the larger global community, I can help you. Using a variety of complementary techniques--you can learn to undo long-standing, maladaptive actions/reactions or negative perceptions that stand in the way of a more rich and meaningful life.
My approach is humanistic and existential, addressing both immediate and ultimate concerns of living. If you're feeling stuck and want real change in your life, for conditions such as depression, anxiety or resolving a past trauma, there's no way around taking risks and challenging established behaviors and belief systems. By moving out of your comfort zone, going deep inside yourself and far into the larger global community, I can help you. Using a variety of complementary techniques--you can learn to undo long-standing, maladaptive actions/reactions or negative perceptions that stand in the way of a more rich and meaningful life.
(508) 619-4171 View (508) 619-4171
Photo of Becca Harrington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Becca Harrington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Do you have a history of trauma? Do you feel disconnected from yourself and others? Do you lose time and forget things you did or said? Do you feel distressed and out of control with no clear reason? You might be experiencing trauma-related dissociation, your body's way of coping with emotionally overwhelming events. My name is Becca and I specialize in healing complex trauma and dissociative disorders, including DID.
Do you have a history of trauma? Do you feel disconnected from yourself and others? Do you lose time and forget things you did or said? Do you feel distressed and out of control with no clear reason? You might be experiencing trauma-related dissociation, your body's way of coping with emotionally overwhelming events. My name is Becca and I specialize in healing complex trauma and dissociative disorders, including DID.
(508) 978-1236 View (508) 978-1236
Photo of Steve Bisson, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Steve Bisson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
Not accepting new clients
Honesty, Authenticity, Reality. This is how I would define my style of counseling. I received my specialty training in cognitive-behavioral therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I have developed a style that is down to earth, which focuses on working with the skills that an individual already possesses, while developing the abilities they need to bring them to the next level. I address the "here and now" while working on other skills that can/should be develop in the future. Reaching out can be hard to do but it is important.
Honesty, Authenticity, Reality. This is how I would define my style of counseling. I received my specialty training in cognitive-behavioral therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I have developed a style that is down to earth, which focuses on working with the skills that an individual already possesses, while developing the abilities they need to bring them to the next level. I address the "here and now" while working on other skills that can/should be develop in the future. Reaching out can be hard to do but it is important.
(508) 928-9041 View (508) 928-9041
Photo of Sarah Donohue, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Sarah Donohue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel overwhelmed, disconnected, and insecure? Has your relationship been wounded or lost its spark? Are you feeling dissatisfied or stuck with some aspect of your life and not sure how to make a shift? Has becoming or being a parent turned your world upside down? Life is full of transitions and stressors and it’s hard to stay in tune with ourselves, our partners, and our family members as we grow, change, and deal with stress. Sometimes we all need a safe space to process, reconnect, and heal – to speak our pain, communicate what we need, and be supported as we tap back into love and connection.
Do you feel overwhelmed, disconnected, and insecure? Has your relationship been wounded or lost its spark? Are you feeling dissatisfied or stuck with some aspect of your life and not sure how to make a shift? Has becoming or being a parent turned your world upside down? Life is full of transitions and stressors and it’s hard to stay in tune with ourselves, our partners, and our family members as we grow, change, and deal with stress. Sometimes we all need a safe space to process, reconnect, and heal – to speak our pain, communicate what we need, and be supported as we tap back into love and connection.
(774) 217-7608 View (774) 217-7608
Photo of Maegan Visconti (Garvey), Counselor in Holliston, MA
Maegan Visconti (Garvey)
Counselor, LMHC, BC-DMT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
Not accepting new clients
Anxious? Experiencing a new upcoming change or life transition? Trying to manage everything in the midst of a pandemic? What if I told you that you can manage all of those feelings and experiences and come out on the other side feeling confident, empowered, and at peace. My role is to be a nonjudgmental and supportive, and to hold the space for you to express, feel, and grow. If you are motivated to take the first step towards healing and seeking that person to be your support, we may be a good fit.
Anxious? Experiencing a new upcoming change or life transition? Trying to manage everything in the midst of a pandemic? What if I told you that you can manage all of those feelings and experiences and come out on the other side feeling confident, empowered, and at peace. My role is to be a nonjudgmental and supportive, and to hold the space for you to express, feel, and grow. If you are motivated to take the first step towards healing and seeking that person to be your support, we may be a good fit.
(508) 593-7104 View (508) 593-7104
Photo of Kathryn Cumming, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Kathryn Cumming
Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC, Cert, EMDR
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Sometimes your own thoughts are your biggest challenge. Anxiety, depression, negative thinking, feeling stuck or confused, trouble finding motivation, these and other feelings can be managed, even overcome. Let's work together and collaboratively help you to feel better. With support you can tackle issues and create change. We find and focus on your strengths to unearth the answers. We tailor therapy that challenges you and your comfort level at a way that fosters progress in a safe environment.
Sometimes your own thoughts are your biggest challenge. Anxiety, depression, negative thinking, feeling stuck or confused, trouble finding motivation, these and other feelings can be managed, even overcome. Let's work together and collaboratively help you to feel better. With support you can tackle issues and create change. We find and focus on your strengths to unearth the answers. We tailor therapy that challenges you and your comfort level at a way that fosters progress in a safe environment.
(508) 374-9851 View (508) 374-9851
Photo of Michele Lareau-Alves, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Michele Lareau-Alves
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CST
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
Waitlist for new clients
What do you yearn for? Perhaps a fresh start, a new outlook or a rekindling of the fires that brought you together? My clients come to me with a range of issues, from the stress of life to the loss of intimate connection. I engage with a diversity of people, lifestyles and relationships. The work we do together provides an opportunity to learn new ways of being, listening and understanding, as well as finding pathways to repair and growth.
What do you yearn for? Perhaps a fresh start, a new outlook or a rekindling of the fires that brought you together? My clients come to me with a range of issues, from the stress of life to the loss of intimate connection. I engage with a diversity of people, lifestyles and relationships. The work we do together provides an opportunity to learn new ways of being, listening and understanding, as well as finding pathways to repair and growth.
(508) 955-5272 View (508) 955-5272
Photo of Cynthia L Meeske, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Cynthia L Meeske
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
I specialize in trauma and am certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) . I offer both hourly and intensive formats. My typical client is a survivor of childhood abuse, domestic violence, or sexual trauma. I love helping people to heal their old wounds and feel relief and the ability to move into the healthiest and happiest versions of themselves. I work with adults only. I work most frequently with women and members of the LGBTQ+ population.
I specialize in trauma and am certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) . I offer both hourly and intensive formats. My typical client is a survivor of childhood abuse, domestic violence, or sexual trauma. I love helping people to heal their old wounds and feel relief and the ability to move into the healthiest and happiest versions of themselves. I work with adults only. I work most frequently with women and members of the LGBTQ+ population.
(774) 573-1644 View (774) 573-1644
Photo of Bill Dwinnells, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Bill Dwinnells
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
With over two decades of unwavering commitment to the field of mental health, Bill Dwinnells stands as a seasoned and compassionate mental health counselor. His extensive experience and diverse skill set have empowered countless individuals to navigate life's challenges and embark on transformative journeys toward mental well-being. Bill earned his M.Ed. in Counseling Psychology, and throughout his illustrious career, he has honed his expertise in various therapeutic modalities.
With over two decades of unwavering commitment to the field of mental health, Bill Dwinnells stands as a seasoned and compassionate mental health counselor. His extensive experience and diverse skill set have empowered countless individuals to navigate life's challenges and embark on transformative journeys toward mental well-being. Bill earned his M.Ed. in Counseling Psychology, and throughout his illustrious career, he has honed his expertise in various therapeutic modalities.
(508) 456-6485 View (508) 456-6485
Photo of Courtney Ann Romanowski, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Courtney Ann Romanowski
Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Holliston, MA 01746
Not accepting new clients
APRIL 2024 - I am NOT accepting new clients. I offer counseling for adults with mood and anxiety related symptoms. I am genuine, honest, and enthusiastic in my care. My hope is to help you with positive change and growth. I am willing to be an active team member as long as you too are honest, open minded, and willing.I graduated from Lesley University 2014 with a Master’s Degree in Expressive Therapies: Dance Therapy with a specialization in Mental Health Counseling.
APRIL 2024 - I am NOT accepting new clients. I offer counseling for adults with mood and anxiety related symptoms. I am genuine, honest, and enthusiastic in my care. My hope is to help you with positive change and growth. I am willing to be an active team member as long as you too are honest, open minded, and willing.I graduated from Lesley University 2014 with a Master’s Degree in Expressive Therapies: Dance Therapy with a specialization in Mental Health Counseling.
(774) 450-6096 View (774) 450-6096
Photo of Nicole Kindler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Nicole Kindler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
Have you not been feeling yourself lately? Do you want to make changes to your life, but aren't sure how or where to start? I help individuals who feel called to make positive changes in their lives and learn new ways to cope with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Together, we can identify what isn't working and support you in finding balance again.
Have you not been feeling yourself lately? Do you want to make changes to your life, but aren't sure how or where to start? I help individuals who feel called to make positive changes in their lives and learn new ways to cope with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Together, we can identify what isn't working and support you in finding balance again.
(978) 737-7017 View (978) 737-7017
Photo of Shane MacDonald, LICSW, New Inspiration LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Shane MacDonald, LICSW, New Inspiration LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
When you improve your relationship with yourself and your relationships with others, you are “on the path” to a happier, healthier life. I’d like to help you along that path. Together, we can explore a range of approaches: whatever works. But – so you know where I’m coming from – in the end, it’s always about relationships. I’d like to meet you.
When you improve your relationship with yourself and your relationships with others, you are “on the path” to a happier, healthier life. I’d like to help you along that path. Together, we can explore a range of approaches: whatever works. But – so you know where I’m coming from – in the end, it’s always about relationships. I’d like to meet you.
(617) 675-2000 View (617) 675-2000
Photo of Amy Mosher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Amy Mosher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Amy Mosher is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 1998. She received her Master's Degree in Social Work from the Boston College Graduate School of Social Work. Amy employs a strengths-based, client-centered approach to treatment, utilizing a variety of modalities depending on client needs. These include cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, stress-management/relaxation techniques, internal family systems therapy and solution-focused therapy.
Amy Mosher is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 1998. She received her Master's Degree in Social Work from the Boston College Graduate School of Social Work. Amy employs a strengths-based, client-centered approach to treatment, utilizing a variety of modalities depending on client needs. These include cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, stress-management/relaxation techniques, internal family systems therapy and solution-focused therapy.
(508) 456-5066 View (508) 456-5066
Photo of Jessica Smith, Counselor in Holliston, MA
Jessica Smith
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Jessica N. Smith is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2020. Jessica provides individual therapy to children, adolescents, and young adults. Her treatment focus includes depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, PTSD/trauma disorders, autism-spectrum disorders (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and health-behavior/lifestyle changes, and working with LGBTIQA+ individuals.
Jessica N. Smith is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2020. Jessica provides individual therapy to children, adolescents, and young adults. Her treatment focus includes depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, PTSD/trauma disorders, autism-spectrum disorders (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and health-behavior/lifestyle changes, and working with LGBTIQA+ individuals.
(508) 709-6149 View (508) 709-6149
Photo of Keith Donohue, Psychologist in Holliston, MA
Keith Donohue
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746
Keith Donohue is a clinical psychologist, who has been practicing since 2018. He graduated with from Florida State University, with a PhD in clinical psychology and did internship and post-doctoral training at University Behavioral Healthcare / Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Sanford Health. Keith believes in combining science-based treatment techniques with a relaxed, conversational approach to psychotherapy. His main areas of focus include anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Keith Donohue is a clinical psychologist, who has been practicing since 2018. He graduated with from Florida State University, with a PhD in clinical psychology and did internship and post-doctoral training at University Behavioral Healthcare / Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Sanford Health. Keith believes in combining science-based treatment techniques with a relaxed, conversational approach to psychotherapy. His main areas of focus include anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
(508) 434-4927 View (508) 434-4927
Photo of Elizabeth Quigley, LICSW, New Inspiration, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holliston, MA
Elizabeth Quigley, LICSW, New Inspiration
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Holliston, MA 01746  (Online Only)
You want to feel better and do better in your life, and now, perhaps more than ever, you need someone – someone REALLY helpful – “in your corner” to help you turn things around. I’m willing and able to do just that. Together, we can do this: I use a range of solution-focused approaches: treatments that work (CBT, DBT, and whatever else works). We’ll figure out exactly how you’ve “gotten here,” plan a way out, and I’ll guide you along the way…as we activate your strengths and your inner resources to live a better life. I work with adults, teens, and families and I’m available immediately to give you the help you need and deserve.
You want to feel better and do better in your life, and now, perhaps more than ever, you need someone – someone REALLY helpful – “in your corner” to help you turn things around. I’m willing and able to do just that. Together, we can do this: I use a range of solution-focused approaches: treatments that work (CBT, DBT, and whatever else works). We’ll figure out exactly how you’ve “gotten here,” plan a way out, and I’ll guide you along the way…as we activate your strengths and your inner resources to live a better life. I work with adults, teens, and families and I’m available immediately to give you the help you need and deserve.
(508) 403-9157 View (508) 403-9157

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Holliston, MA

30+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Holliston, MA who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
88% Depression
67% Self Esteem
64% Trauma and PTSD
61% Coping Skills
58% Relationship Issues
58% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
82% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Optum

How Therapists in Holliston, MA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Holliston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.