Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Dr. Ruth Millican Neurodiversity Infomed Therapist, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Ruth Millican Neurodiversity Infomed Therapist
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92102
Welcome! My client’s often tell me that I am genuine, kind and put them at ease, while also challenging them at the times when they need to be pushed. I strike a balance between therapy always feeling safe and comfortable, but also a place where you can be pushed to re-evaluate you needs and actions. I specialize in working with the LGBTQIA+ community, as I am a part of this community and this is a passion of mine. The primary focus of my practice is trauma therapy, neurodiversity (ADHD, Autism), and the LGBTQIA+ community. I am also an affirming provider of all relationship configurations (polyamory, ENM, kink, BDSM).
Welcome! My client’s often tell me that I am genuine, kind and put them at ease, while also challenging them at the times when they need to be pushed. I strike a balance between therapy always feeling safe and comfortable, but also a place where you can be pushed to re-evaluate you needs and actions. I specialize in working with the LGBTQIA+ community, as I am a part of this community and this is a passion of mine. The primary focus of my practice is trauma therapy, neurodiversity (ADHD, Autism), and the LGBTQIA+ community. I am also an affirming provider of all relationship configurations (polyamory, ENM, kink, BDSM).
(619) 340-2715 View (619) 340-2715
Photo of Vanessa C Clark, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Vanessa C Clark
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Not accepting new clients
Everyone experiences difficulty and stress in life, and sometimes our friends aren't trained to counsel us and listen effectively. Counseling by a professional can be what you need to help you get out of your rut and back on track. Whether you are experiencing relationship issues or personal struggles my goal is to create a safe, non-judgmental environment where you can come and be real about your life.
Everyone experiences difficulty and stress in life, and sometimes our friends aren't trained to counsel us and listen effectively. Counseling by a professional can be what you need to help you get out of your rut and back on track. Whether you are experiencing relationship issues or personal struggles my goal is to create a safe, non-judgmental environment where you can come and be real about your life.
(760) 561-5795 View (760) 561-5795
Photo of Brent Batty, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Brent Batty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
For 20 years, I've worked with adults who have experienced anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem, and low self-worth. My clients tell me that I have a calming presence, and that I'm easy to talk to. There is always a different way to look at things, and I offer a hopeful, positive, and realistic outlook. I work together with my clients to create a space for further self-exploration, self-love, and healing. I believe that we want to be loved, accepted, respected, feel listened to and understood. I am non-judgmental and accepting when someone feels safe enough to share their story or experiences with me.
For 20 years, I've worked with adults who have experienced anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem, and low self-worth. My clients tell me that I have a calming presence, and that I'm easy to talk to. There is always a different way to look at things, and I offer a hopeful, positive, and realistic outlook. I work together with my clients to create a space for further self-exploration, self-love, and healing. I believe that we want to be loved, accepted, respected, feel listened to and understood. I am non-judgmental and accepting when someone feels safe enough to share their story or experiences with me.
(510) 737-7407 View (510) 737-7407
Photo of Vanessa Arteaga, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Vanessa Arteaga
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121  (Online Only)
I believe in building a strong therapeutic relationship with my clients and tailoring my therapy interventions to meet their unique needs. I have over 12 years experience working with transition aged youth (12-25yo). I have previously worked with children, adolescents, and young adults who experienced anxiety disorders, depression, mood disorders, PTSD, trauma, generational trauma and chronic trauma. I thrive in creating a safe and creative space for others to heal and grow.
I believe in building a strong therapeutic relationship with my clients and tailoring my therapy interventions to meet their unique needs. I have over 12 years experience working with transition aged youth (12-25yo). I have previously worked with children, adolescents, and young adults who experienced anxiety disorders, depression, mood disorders, PTSD, trauma, generational trauma and chronic trauma. I thrive in creating a safe and creative space for others to heal and grow.
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Photo of Lisa Spindle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Lisa Spindle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92129
I am a contagiously energetic Licensed Clinical Social Work with a history of working with a variety of people encountering life changes. My education and experience has led me to work with adults, young adults, teens and military service members. Life happens to us all, no matter the age or issue, and sometimes we need help with figuring things out. I'm passionate about helping others to excell, and offer nonjudegmental care, based on ethical practices to assist with improving the quality of your life.
I am a contagiously energetic Licensed Clinical Social Work with a history of working with a variety of people encountering life changes. My education and experience has led me to work with adults, young adults, teens and military service members. Life happens to us all, no matter the age or issue, and sometimes we need help with figuring things out. I'm passionate about helping others to excell, and offer nonjudegmental care, based on ethical practices to assist with improving the quality of your life.
(858) 434-8507 View (858) 434-8507
Photo of Janet Johnson, Counselor in San Diego, CA
Janet Johnson
Counselor, MA, MFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92115
My philosophy is change starts from the inside out with a choice and realization that it is for our higher good. As part of the human experience, there are times when unexpected losses, betrayals or traumatic events can leave us feeling alone with a host of negative emotions, feeling stuck in grief, anger, bitterness, anxiety and depression.
My philosophy is change starts from the inside out with a choice and realization that it is for our higher good. As part of the human experience, there are times when unexpected losses, betrayals or traumatic events can leave us feeling alone with a host of negative emotions, feeling stuck in grief, anger, bitterness, anxiety and depression.
(619) 503-3202 View (619) 503-3202
Photo of Louiza Livschitz, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Louiza Livschitz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108
I believe that early in life we develop ways to cope with difficult experiences and environmental situations that we couldn’t control and throughout life those cope mechanisms become reinforced. For many of us there comes a point where some of the ways that we learned to exist in the world no longer adaptively serve us. This is often a time we find ourselves in therapy. I want to help you gain insight into those patterns and develop new ways of being in order to make positive changes. These changes often come from both evidence-based tools and deeper reflections. Visit my website to read more about me: www.drlouizalivschitz.com
I believe that early in life we develop ways to cope with difficult experiences and environmental situations that we couldn’t control and throughout life those cope mechanisms become reinforced. For many of us there comes a point where some of the ways that we learned to exist in the world no longer adaptively serve us. This is often a time we find ourselves in therapy. I want to help you gain insight into those patterns and develop new ways of being in order to make positive changes. These changes often come from both evidence-based tools and deeper reflections. Visit my website to read more about me: www.drlouizalivschitz.com
(925) 293-9042 View (925) 293-9042
Photo of Debra Berl, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Debra Berl
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
Debra Berl is a Licensed Clinical Social worker who completed her graduate degree in 1991 and was licensed in 1995. She has been working in the field of Social Work and Counseling since 1991. Debra treats clients from all backgrounds with a focus on adults and adolescents. Debra's area of experience and training include: grief and loss, coping with chronic pain and illness, depression, women's issues, LGBTQ concerns, supporting parents of children with special needs and treating anxiety disorders.
Debra Berl is a Licensed Clinical Social worker who completed her graduate degree in 1991 and was licensed in 1995. She has been working in the field of Social Work and Counseling since 1991. Debra treats clients from all backgrounds with a focus on adults and adolescents. Debra's area of experience and training include: grief and loss, coping with chronic pain and illness, depression, women's issues, LGBTQ concerns, supporting parents of children with special needs and treating anxiety disorders.
(858) 758-3514 View (858) 758-3514
Photo of Lauren Elisabeth Pichard, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Lauren Elisabeth Pichard
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Tired of the same old problems? I'll help you dissolve limiting belief systems, set boundaries, heal inherited ancestral patterns, resolve negative emotional states, heal emotional patterns that are blocking your body from healing itself, create loving and harmonious relationships; energy healing including soul retrieval, deepen your intuition, gain clarity on your highest life path, get unstuck and move forward, strengthen your energetic boundaries, extractions. Set up a session or check out our free resource section on the homepage site including a 60 minute self help meditation to help heal the physical body using consciousness.
Tired of the same old problems? I'll help you dissolve limiting belief systems, set boundaries, heal inherited ancestral patterns, resolve negative emotional states, heal emotional patterns that are blocking your body from healing itself, create loving and harmonious relationships; energy healing including soul retrieval, deepen your intuition, gain clarity on your highest life path, get unstuck and move forward, strengthen your energetic boundaries, extractions. Set up a session or check out our free resource section on the homepage site including a 60 minute self help meditation to help heal the physical body using consciousness.
(619) 733-7163 View (619) 733-7163
Photo of Lauren Cabaldon, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Lauren Cabaldon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
I am absolutely crazy about helping humans access their full potential. I believe it is my dharma – or my sacred calling. I believe that each human being has a divine purpose. I believe that separation from this purpose is the source of much of our suffering. I see my role as a trusted companion on your journey back to this divine purpose - back to your authentic Self. In our work together, I invite you to reclaim sovereignty over your mental health through a process of radical acceptance.
I am absolutely crazy about helping humans access their full potential. I believe it is my dharma – or my sacred calling. I believe that each human being has a divine purpose. I believe that separation from this purpose is the source of much of our suffering. I see my role as a trusted companion on your journey back to this divine purpose - back to your authentic Self. In our work together, I invite you to reclaim sovereignty over your mental health through a process of radical acceptance.
(619) 345-6741 View (619) 345-6741
Photo of Celena Martinez, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Celena Martinez
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92122  (Online Only)
Celena Martinez (she/her/hers) is a licensed professional clinical counselor who provides individual, couples, and family therapy for the last 8 years. Celena obtained her Master of Science in Multicultural Counseling with an emphasis in Social Justice from SDSU in 2012. She has experience working with people of color and non- dominant communities in mental health settings. She has worked with clients within residential, intensive outpatient, community clinics, and university settings.
Celena Martinez (she/her/hers) is a licensed professional clinical counselor who provides individual, couples, and family therapy for the last 8 years. Celena obtained her Master of Science in Multicultural Counseling with an emphasis in Social Justice from SDSU in 2012. She has experience working with people of color and non- dominant communities in mental health settings. She has worked with clients within residential, intensive outpatient, community clinics, and university settings.
(858) 264-2332 View (858) 264-2332
Laraine Lipori
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92122
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Specialist based in San Diego and North Counties. I have been working for over 10 years in the fields of both Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology providing individual therapy, couples therapy, as well as psychological and neuropsychological evaluations, to children and adults. I specialize in providing cognitive behavioral therapy, combined with complimentary therapeutic approaches and techniques to help you uncover and correct long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling, meaningful and successful life.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Specialist based in San Diego and North Counties. I have been working for over 10 years in the fields of both Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology providing individual therapy, couples therapy, as well as psychological and neuropsychological evaluations, to children and adults. I specialize in providing cognitive behavioral therapy, combined with complimentary therapeutic approaches and techniques to help you uncover and correct long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling, meaningful and successful life.
(858) 217-4142 View (858) 217-4142
Photo of Anne Glenn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Anne Glenn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92126
Hi, I'm Anne! Anne Glenn, LCSW. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My approach to treatment is to work hand in hand with my clients. Helping them find answers, healing, and growth they may be looking for. I do not work with high-risk clients. I specialize in working with kids and families who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, disruptive behaviors and changes in family environment due to abuse and divorce.
Hi, I'm Anne! Anne Glenn, LCSW. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My approach to treatment is to work hand in hand with my clients. Helping them find answers, healing, and growth they may be looking for. I do not work with high-risk clients. I specialize in working with kids and families who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, disruptive behaviors and changes in family environment due to abuse and divorce.
(858) 648-5073 View (858) 648-5073
Photo of Elizabeth Strout, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Elizabeth Strout
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92121
I have been a LCSW for 10 years, starting my career working with children, youth and families in the dependency system. I am a cognitive behavioral therapist who is also EMDR trained. I work with clients 5 and up with an emphasis on the adolescent population.
I have been a LCSW for 10 years, starting my career working with children, youth and families in the dependency system. I am a cognitive behavioral therapist who is also EMDR trained. I work with clients 5 and up with an emphasis on the adolescent population.
(858) 544-2401 View (858) 544-2401
Photo of Susan Bolea, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Susan Bolea
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
Together we strive to understand the life events, health and relationship issues that have interrupted or sidelined you. I utilize “ah ha” provoking techniques to help you open up to your truth and recognize who you are at the present time. My background in literature, the arts and intuitive studies means that I call on metaphor and expressive arts to advance our therapeutic goals. Together we lay the groundwork for habits which specifically work for you and that will endure for a lifetime, honoring self-compassion and acceptance. My job is to establish security and space for you to relax during our exploration.
Together we strive to understand the life events, health and relationship issues that have interrupted or sidelined you. I utilize “ah ha” provoking techniques to help you open up to your truth and recognize who you are at the present time. My background in literature, the arts and intuitive studies means that I call on metaphor and expressive arts to advance our therapeutic goals. Together we lay the groundwork for habits which specifically work for you and that will endure for a lifetime, honoring self-compassion and acceptance. My job is to establish security and space for you to relax during our exploration.
(510) 257-9774 View (510) 257-9774
Photo of Garet Bedrosian, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Garet Bedrosian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CiRT, MFEC, CBT, CET
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92111
Is your relationship in trouble? Does your relationship feel dull and lifeless? Are you at the beginning of a new relationship and want to make sure this one works out? We all need to learn how to make relationships work. There are a few things you need to know. 1. All relationships go through a cycle, and one of those cycles includes conflict. Yes, conflict is supposed to happen because it helps us grow and heal. 2. All those great feelings you had at the beginning were because of hormones, and they don't last. 3. You are in this relationship because you hold the key to each other's healing. I can help create a safe environment.
Is your relationship in trouble? Does your relationship feel dull and lifeless? Are you at the beginning of a new relationship and want to make sure this one works out? We all need to learn how to make relationships work. There are a few things you need to know. 1. All relationships go through a cycle, and one of those cycles includes conflict. Yes, conflict is supposed to happen because it helps us grow and heal. 2. All those great feelings you had at the beginning were because of hormones, and they don't last. 3. You are in this relationship because you hold the key to each other's healing. I can help create a safe environment.
(619) 432-3260 View (619) 432-3260
Photo of Narcissistic Abuse Recovery Center, Counselor in San Diego, CA
Narcissistic Abuse Recovery Center
Counselor, MS, LPCC, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123  (Online Only)
Without the help from someone who has lived through narcissistic abuse themselves, your journey toward recovery might feel like a lonely, difficult pursuit. Our goal is to help you heal, recover, and reclaim your life and learn to avoid toxic relationships forever. With a proven coaching program, we can walk you through the process with the support you need from coaches and therapists who have lived experiences in narcissistic relationships, themselves.
Without the help from someone who has lived through narcissistic abuse themselves, your journey toward recovery might feel like a lonely, difficult pursuit. Our goal is to help you heal, recover, and reclaim your life and learn to avoid toxic relationships forever. With a proven coaching program, we can walk you through the process with the support you need from coaches and therapists who have lived experiences in narcissistic relationships, themselves.
(858) 251-9791 View (858) 251-9791
Photo of Peggy Wilson-Jordan, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Peggy Wilson-Jordan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92110
Hi there, I'm Peggy! I have been working with clients for many years. I have worked with trauma, substance abuse, and significant mental health disorders, including bipolar And schizophrenia. I primarily employ narrative, humanistic, DBT, and motivational interviewing modalities. I have managed group homes with foster and probation youth as well as ILP programs. For the last 16 years, I have worked with mail nonprofits with indigent and low-income clients.
Hi there, I'm Peggy! I have been working with clients for many years. I have worked with trauma, substance abuse, and significant mental health disorders, including bipolar And schizophrenia. I primarily employ narrative, humanistic, DBT, and motivational interviewing modalities. I have managed group homes with foster and probation youth as well as ILP programs. For the last 16 years, I have worked with mail nonprofits with indigent and low-income clients.
(661) 228-7757 View (661) 228-7757
Photo of Jennifer York, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jennifer York
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CBT, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92109  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
"Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it." Rumi. I believe we build barriers as an attempt to protect ourselves from childhood and adult relational traumas however, these mind and body defenses are no longer necessary and block us from what we truly want in life; inadvertently causing more suffering than protection. The symptoms of these barriers manifest as depression, anxiety, addiction ,,, as well as physical illness.
"Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it." Rumi. I believe we build barriers as an attempt to protect ourselves from childhood and adult relational traumas however, these mind and body defenses are no longer necessary and block us from what we truly want in life; inadvertently causing more suffering than protection. The symptoms of these barriers manifest as depression, anxiety, addiction ,,, as well as physical illness.
(760) 512-8194 View (760) 512-8194
Photo of Dr. Charlos Thompson, Counselor in San Diego, CA
Dr. Charlos Thompson
Counselor, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108  (Online Only)
Individuals who cope with trauma, including, domestic violence, car accidents, sexual assaults and abuse, and exposure to various violent experiences. In addition, I coach, mentor, counsel youth who cope with ADHD, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiance go through school without being diagnosed and treated properly. As a result, they have a trail of failing grades and suspensions. I provide 26 years of experience working with parents and youth who need proper assessments and services. All sessions are conducted in a safe and secure online environment with complete privacy & strict confidentiality.
Individuals who cope with trauma, including, domestic violence, car accidents, sexual assaults and abuse, and exposure to various violent experiences. In addition, I coach, mentor, counsel youth who cope with ADHD, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiance go through school without being diagnosed and treated properly. As a result, they have a trail of failing grades and suspensions. I provide 26 years of experience working with parents and youth who need proper assessments and services. All sessions are conducted in a safe and secure online environment with complete privacy & strict confidentiality.
(760) 417-7366 View (760) 417-7366

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.