Therapists in Toledo, OH

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Photo of Kaitlin Mallery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Kaitlin Mallery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606
Accepting new clients, with weekend availability! Email me to schedule. Does your ADHD make it hard to keep your life in order, leaving your feeling very disorganized and exhausted? Are you struggling to help your child cope with strong emotions, and none of your friends understand? Is your house filled with so much arguing with your partner, that it's hard to remember why you are together? Do you struggle with disordered eating and can't find anything to help make it stop? My clients appreciate my relaxed and non-judgmental therapy style.
Accepting new clients, with weekend availability! Email me to schedule. Does your ADHD make it hard to keep your life in order, leaving your feeling very disorganized and exhausted? Are you struggling to help your child cope with strong emotions, and none of your friends understand? Is your house filled with so much arguing with your partner, that it's hard to remember why you are together? Do you struggle with disordered eating and can't find anything to help make it stop? My clients appreciate my relaxed and non-judgmental therapy style.
(419) 910-3034 View (419) 910-3034
Photo of Donna Cunningham, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Donna Cunningham
Counselor, PhD, LPCC-S, SUPV
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43615  (Online Only)
Life has happened and is still happening! No matter what we do, life continues to happen. Situations occur which turn our stable world into something unfamiliar. These are times for a Counselor. I am a Professional Clinical Counselor. I hold a Masters Degree. I am licensed by the state of Ohio. I service the state of Ohio virtually. I work with Adolescents, Adults and families.
Life has happened and is still happening! No matter what we do, life continues to happen. Situations occur which turn our stable world into something unfamiliar. These are times for a Counselor. I am a Professional Clinical Counselor. I hold a Masters Degree. I am licensed by the state of Ohio. I service the state of Ohio virtually. I work with Adolescents, Adults and families.
(419) 746-4134 View (419) 746-4134
Photo of Ali Albright, Licensed Professional Counselor in Toledo, OH
Ali Albright
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
I specialize in helping children/adolescents identify and express their needs in healthy and manageable ways. When school, peer, or home interactions become challenging, it's sometimes hard for children/adolescents to feel seen and heard. I am here to help your child identify their strengths, create consistent positive coping strategies, and become their own best advocates in every environment. I have convenient after-school/evening appointment availability!
I specialize in helping children/adolescents identify and express their needs in healthy and manageable ways. When school, peer, or home interactions become challenging, it's sometimes hard for children/adolescents to feel seen and heard. I am here to help your child identify their strengths, create consistent positive coping strategies, and become their own best advocates in every environment. I have convenient after-school/evening appointment availability!
(419) 597-5990 View (419) 597-5990
Photo of Melanie Weast, Licensed Professional Counselor in Toledo, OH
Melanie Weast
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43623  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I have clinical experience working with adult individuals experiencing varying levels of trauma, grief, anxiety, and depression. My aim is to serve as an advocate for clients and foster an environment of empowerment. My goal is for client’s to increase their emotional and mental wellness while developing healthy coping skills. Each client’s experience is different, which requires a holistic view of identity intersection, cultural backgrounds, family history, and systemic influences. I strive to provide a safe non-judgmental environment that allows clients to comfortably share their thoughts
I have clinical experience working with adult individuals experiencing varying levels of trauma, grief, anxiety, and depression. My aim is to serve as an advocate for clients and foster an environment of empowerment. My goal is for client’s to increase their emotional and mental wellness while developing healthy coping skills. Each client’s experience is different, which requires a holistic view of identity intersection, cultural backgrounds, family history, and systemic influences. I strive to provide a safe non-judgmental environment that allows clients to comfortably share their thoughts
(419) 863-2398 View (419) 863-2398
Photo of Doreen Pant, LISW-S, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Doreen Pant, LISW-S, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43617
Are you looking for healing and hope? Let me help you build upon your strengths and find solutions for happiness. In a supportive and understanding environment, we will explore challenges and move towards a journey of developing coping skills and strategies for change and success. You deserve the blessings of better tomorrows! Why not start today?
Are you looking for healing and hope? Let me help you build upon your strengths and find solutions for happiness. In a supportive and understanding environment, we will explore challenges and move towards a journey of developing coping skills and strategies for change and success. You deserve the blessings of better tomorrows! Why not start today?
(419) 273-9873 View (419) 273-9873
Photo of Dana Michelle Neiding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Dana Michelle Neiding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Are feelings of anxiety and depression impacting your life and your well-being? Have life stressors impacted your personal relationships or ability to enjoy all that your life has to offer? Counseling can help you feel better, and there is hope to find the peace and growth that you are looking for. Dana is guided by the belief that successful therapeutic relationships are created with purpose, provide opportunities for deep healing, and can be faith-based or spiritual in nature. In Dana’s office, you will find acceptance, respect, and compassion to meet you where you are at each visit.
Are feelings of anxiety and depression impacting your life and your well-being? Have life stressors impacted your personal relationships or ability to enjoy all that your life has to offer? Counseling can help you feel better, and there is hope to find the peace and growth that you are looking for. Dana is guided by the belief that successful therapeutic relationships are created with purpose, provide opportunities for deep healing, and can be faith-based or spiritual in nature. In Dana’s office, you will find acceptance, respect, and compassion to meet you where you are at each visit.
(419) 871-4438 x2 View (419) 871-4438 x2
Photo of Lisa Clair, Psychologist in Toledo, OH
Lisa Clair
Psychologist, M, Ed
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
Do you have a child who appears to be bright but who struggles academically? Does your child's behavior or inability to focus adversely affect learning or make life difficult at home? Does your child have a difficult time connecting socially with peers? If your child is experiencing any learning or behavioral problems at school or at home, then educational testing may be the first step in receiving the help he or she needs. I am an Ohio Board of Psychology and ODE licensed school psychologist specializing in the assessment of Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia, Autism, and ADHD.
Do you have a child who appears to be bright but who struggles academically? Does your child's behavior or inability to focus adversely affect learning or make life difficult at home? Does your child have a difficult time connecting socially with peers? If your child is experiencing any learning or behavioral problems at school or at home, then educational testing may be the first step in receiving the help he or she needs. I am an Ohio Board of Psychology and ODE licensed school psychologist specializing in the assessment of Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia, Autism, and ADHD.
(419) 617-4216 View (419) 617-4216
Photo of Toni Epperson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Toni Epperson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43604  (Online Only)
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
(419) 513-8674 View (419) 513-8674
Photo of U Change Counseling and Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
U Change Counseling and Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43614
Helping you overcome life difficulties and reach your full potential is the mission of U Change. We provide various therapies and a safe environment to help you reach your goals. U Change staff are a group of individuals that have faced some major life issues and now have the experience and the education to help you reach your goals.
Helping you overcome life difficulties and reach your full potential is the mission of U Change. We provide various therapies and a safe environment to help you reach your goals. U Change staff are a group of individuals that have faced some major life issues and now have the experience and the education to help you reach your goals.
(567) 236-8358 View (567) 236-8358
Photo of Jennifer Lynn Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Jennifer Lynn Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43617
I am extremely passionate about helping those that are dealing with grief, and even anticipatory grief, in relation to a terminal illness. I have worked in hospice for 17 years and feel that end of life support and education is my calling. It is so important that every individual realize that their way of dealing with grief may be different and that’s ok. Providing clients with a safe place to share their thoughts and feelings is of utmost importance to me.
I am extremely passionate about helping those that are dealing with grief, and even anticipatory grief, in relation to a terminal illness. I have worked in hospice for 17 years and feel that end of life support and education is my calling. It is so important that every individual realize that their way of dealing with grief may be different and that’s ok. Providing clients with a safe place to share their thoughts and feelings is of utmost importance to me.
(419) 573-0212 View (419) 573-0212
Photo of Bernadette Joy Graham, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Bernadette Joy Graham
Counselor, MA, LPCC, CCHt
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
My passion as a therapist is rooted in the belief that every individual deserves to live a fulfilling and empowered life. Through active listening, empathy, and evidence-based interventions, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences without judgment. My approach integrates various therapeutic modalities tailored to each client's unique needs, fostering self-awareness, resilience, and positive coping strategies. It is immensely rewarding to witness the transformation and growth of my clients as they navigate towards healing and well-being.
My passion as a therapist is rooted in the belief that every individual deserves to live a fulfilling and empowered life. Through active listening, empathy, and evidence-based interventions, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences without judgment. My approach integrates various therapeutic modalities tailored to each client's unique needs, fostering self-awareness, resilience, and positive coping strategies. It is immensely rewarding to witness the transformation and growth of my clients as they navigate towards healing and well-being.
(567) 234-7849 View (567) 234-7849
Photo of Aurora Milliron, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Toledo, OH
Aurora Milliron
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Not accepting new clients
I currently have availability for early morning and early afternoon appointments. I work with adults who are seeking therapy to cope with issues from trauma, anxiety and depression. You’ve wandered to this page because you know that something in your life has not been going in the way that you want it. On the outside, everything seems to be just “fine” but on the inside you feel overwhelmed, unresolved and overall not happy. Maybe, something happened recently or in your past that you have not been able to process but have said that you’ve “moved on” from it.
I currently have availability for early morning and early afternoon appointments. I work with adults who are seeking therapy to cope with issues from trauma, anxiety and depression. You’ve wandered to this page because you know that something in your life has not been going in the way that you want it. On the outside, everything seems to be just “fine” but on the inside you feel overwhelmed, unresolved and overall not happy. Maybe, something happened recently or in your past that you have not been able to process but have said that you’ve “moved on” from it.
(419) 406-4419 View (419) 406-4419
Photo of Vikki Gardner, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Vikki Gardner
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, CHT
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Facing change, hardship or loss? Desire more from life and your relationships? As human beings, we long to connect to others who will support us, respect our experiences and worldview. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Certified Clinical Hypnotherapist, I’ve served the mental health community for over 2 decades. I am dedicated to learning the most effective approaches to support wellbeing.
Facing change, hardship or loss? Desire more from life and your relationships? As human beings, we long to connect to others who will support us, respect our experiences and worldview. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Certified Clinical Hypnotherapist, I’ve served the mental health community for over 2 decades. I am dedicated to learning the most effective approaches to support wellbeing.
(419) 419-0228 View (419) 419-0228
Photo of Heather Nicole Schmidt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Heather Nicole Schmidt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Taking that first step toward positive change is often the most important and the most difficult. The fact that you are reading this is a good sign that you are contemplating making some changes so you are already making progress! It is empowering to see such changes begin to unfold motivating you toward clarity and acceptance. With over 20 years of experience, I have assisted individuals in overcoming barriers that hold them back from becoming their ideal selves. From adjustment to life-altering changes to post-trauma, grief, guilt, hopelessness, severe mental illness, suicidality and self-harm.
Taking that first step toward positive change is often the most important and the most difficult. The fact that you are reading this is a good sign that you are contemplating making some changes so you are already making progress! It is empowering to see such changes begin to unfold motivating you toward clarity and acceptance. With over 20 years of experience, I have assisted individuals in overcoming barriers that hold them back from becoming their ideal selves. From adjustment to life-altering changes to post-trauma, grief, guilt, hopelessness, severe mental illness, suicidality and self-harm.
(567) 229-1719 View (567) 229-1719
Photo of Resilient-Mindset , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Resilient-Mindset
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43614  (Online Only)
As a resilience focused clinician, I deliver services in a person-centered- multifaceted evidence-based approach! Specializing in mental health and substance use concerns for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, stress management, relationship issues, life transitions, and self-esteem issues. I also have experiences working with families and individuals who have encountered trauma, individuals with an intellectual and/or disability, family origin concerns: ACES (adverse childhood event), co-dependency, attachment and adjustment anxieties, caregiver stress/burnout, and life transitions.
As a resilience focused clinician, I deliver services in a person-centered- multifaceted evidence-based approach! Specializing in mental health and substance use concerns for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, stress management, relationship issues, life transitions, and self-esteem issues. I also have experiences working with families and individuals who have encountered trauma, individuals with an intellectual and/or disability, family origin concerns: ACES (adverse childhood event), co-dependency, attachment and adjustment anxieties, caregiver stress/burnout, and life transitions.
(419) 617-0331 View (419) 617-0331
Photo of Latoya Barlow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Latoya Barlow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Currently accepting new clients! Therapy is not an easy process, and I know that reaching out for help is hard. Look at you - You have already taken the first step! If you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem issues, or significant life changes- I'd love for you to reach out. My ultimate goal is to make therapy more approachable so that I can help you live the life you want to (and if you don't know what that is-I'll help with that too!). My office is a judgement-free zone. I can help you identify the tools towards your healing journey and encourage you to find your soul and become the best version of yourself.
Currently accepting new clients! Therapy is not an easy process, and I know that reaching out for help is hard. Look at you - You have already taken the first step! If you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem issues, or significant life changes- I'd love for you to reach out. My ultimate goal is to make therapy more approachable so that I can help you live the life you want to (and if you don't know what that is-I'll help with that too!). My office is a judgement-free zone. I can help you identify the tools towards your healing journey and encourage you to find your soul and become the best version of yourself.
(419) 513-8097 View (419) 513-8097
Photo of Creshawn Hatchett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Creshawn Hatchett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
I am here to provide a safe and judgment free space where you can be YOU without judgement. This journey is YOURS and I am here to help you navigate it. We all have things that we struggle with in life and dealing with those things alone can be difficult. I am here to help teach you the proper tools you’ll need to get through the trials and tribulations you may face. I am here to be a listening ear and to help you reach your full potential. I enjoy being a therapist and I am happy to help you.
I am here to provide a safe and judgment free space where you can be YOU without judgement. This journey is YOURS and I am here to help you navigate it. We all have things that we struggle with in life and dealing with those things alone can be difficult. I am here to help teach you the proper tools you’ll need to get through the trials and tribulations you may face. I am here to be a listening ear and to help you reach your full potential. I enjoy being a therapist and I am happy to help you.
(419) 969-6050 View (419) 969-6050
Photo of Erin Bannon, Psychologist in Toledo, OH
Erin Bannon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety disorders & relationship issues in adults. I collaborate with my clients to determine a treatment plan tailored to meet their specific needs and goals related to their OCD, PTSD, trauma, panic attacks, social anxiety, health anxiety, phobias, generalized anxiety, depression, or relationship issues. I use a wide variety of evidence based therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness Based Interventions, & Exposure and Response Prevention to help my clients get to the root of their issues and develop the tools to take control of their lives.
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety disorders & relationship issues in adults. I collaborate with my clients to determine a treatment plan tailored to meet their specific needs and goals related to their OCD, PTSD, trauma, panic attacks, social anxiety, health anxiety, phobias, generalized anxiety, depression, or relationship issues. I use a wide variety of evidence based therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness Based Interventions, & Exposure and Response Prevention to help my clients get to the root of their issues and develop the tools to take control of their lives.
(567) 384-3921 View (567) 384-3921
Photo of Lynette Crow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Lynette Crow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43623
I believe that everyone has the power to heal. Experiences of our past negatively showing up in our present, difficult relationships, loss, and unexpected/unwanted change are painful but not rare. We are left to find ourselves again, rebuild, grieve, and find a new way to live. Through healing and connection, we are able to know deep within that we will be o.k. We can find peace and power within ourselves. We can create a new story. I would be honored to help.
I believe that everyone has the power to heal. Experiences of our past negatively showing up in our present, difficult relationships, loss, and unexpected/unwanted change are painful but not rare. We are left to find ourselves again, rebuild, grieve, and find a new way to live. Through healing and connection, we are able to know deep within that we will be o.k. We can find peace and power within ourselves. We can create a new story. I would be honored to help.
(419) 834-2223 View (419) 834-2223
Photo of Riann Tippett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Riann Tippett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
Not accepting new clients
Hi there, I'm Riann, and I believe each person has a unique and powerful voice. I am passionate about meeting my clients within their unique experiences and to further develop a clearer understanding of themselves. All people deserve unconditional acceptance, compassion, and empathy, and this sits at the heart of my work as a therapist. My clients appreciate the ability to connect with me in real way; my direct and compassionate approach, laced with a little dark humor, tend to come through in sessions. Throughout this journey, you have me as your guide. When healing gets hard, we will laugh (and maybe cry) together.
Hi there, I'm Riann, and I believe each person has a unique and powerful voice. I am passionate about meeting my clients within their unique experiences and to further develop a clearer understanding of themselves. All people deserve unconditional acceptance, compassion, and empathy, and this sits at the heart of my work as a therapist. My clients appreciate the ability to connect with me in real way; my direct and compassionate approach, laced with a little dark humor, tend to come through in sessions. Throughout this journey, you have me as your guide. When healing gets hard, we will laugh (and maybe cry) together.
(419) 869-3810 View (419) 869-3810

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Toledo, OH

300+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Toledo, OH who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Medical Mutual
73% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Toledo, OH see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Toledo?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.