Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Grady M Fort, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Grady M Fort
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
I specialize in both individual trauma and grief work, as well as work with couples. I am a certified Emotionally Focused Couples Therapist, (CEFT) and I specialize in working with couples to address and remedy destructive communication, breaches in trust, infidelity issues, premarital counseling, and sexual incompatibility. My approach helps couples to reestablish a sense of connection by allowing couples to better understand the areas in their relationship where they have difficulty feeling that they each see eye-to-eye, by facilitating clearer communication of what both are needing from each other in order to feel more connected.
I specialize in both individual trauma and grief work, as well as work with couples. I am a certified Emotionally Focused Couples Therapist, (CEFT) and I specialize in working with couples to address and remedy destructive communication, breaches in trust, infidelity issues, premarital counseling, and sexual incompatibility. My approach helps couples to reestablish a sense of connection by allowing couples to better understand the areas in their relationship where they have difficulty feeling that they each see eye-to-eye, by facilitating clearer communication of what both are needing from each other in order to feel more connected.
(510) 694-1083 View (510) 694-1083
Photo of Evelynn Hernandez-Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Evelynn Hernandez-Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
You've been holding it together, and even holding it together for others too. You are great at figuring things out, but now find yourself feeling distracted and exhausted by all that you're doing, and self-doubt is getting bigger and bigger. Others may not notice that you're struggling, but on the inside, you know that this feeling is impacting your relationships, and you so want to be your best self for yourself and your loved ones. You want a space to untangle all of the thoughts and feelings you're having without feeling like a burden or like you're dumping it on a loved one.
You've been holding it together, and even holding it together for others too. You are great at figuring things out, but now find yourself feeling distracted and exhausted by all that you're doing, and self-doubt is getting bigger and bigger. Others may not notice that you're struggling, but on the inside, you know that this feeling is impacting your relationships, and you so want to be your best self for yourself and your loved ones. You want a space to untangle all of the thoughts and feelings you're having without feeling like a burden or like you're dumping it on a loved one.
(510) 681-2425 View (510) 681-2425
Photo of Kente L Wiggins, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Kente L Wiggins
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
(510) 240-8672 View (510) 240-8672
Photo of Beth Apfelbaum, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Beth Apfelbaum
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
I like to start by making a warm and heartfelt connection with you, supporting and accepting you just as you are. From there, we work to transform difficult struggles into opportunities for greater self-love and richer understanding. Our process is collaborative, with you being at choice every step of the way. I use a blend of innovative approaches that have helped many hundreds of individuals and couples manifest, grow, and savor the relationships and sexuality they desire. In a relaxed, open, and deeply aware state, we discover our truths by gently dissolving shame-filled stories of the mind.
I like to start by making a warm and heartfelt connection with you, supporting and accepting you just as you are. From there, we work to transform difficult struggles into opportunities for greater self-love and richer understanding. Our process is collaborative, with you being at choice every step of the way. I use a blend of innovative approaches that have helped many hundreds of individuals and couples manifest, grow, and savor the relationships and sexuality they desire. In a relaxed, open, and deeply aware state, we discover our truths by gently dissolving shame-filled stories of the mind.
(650) 209-7942 View (650) 209-7942
Photo of Estepha Francisque, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Estepha Francisque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I do free consultations with clients and instant online scheduling because getting help shouldn't wait for a call back. I am here for you, to walk along side you or your family through the toughest moments. We will laugh together, cry together, and heal together. Most importantly, we will grow together.
I do free consultations with clients and instant online scheduling because getting help shouldn't wait for a call back. I am here for you, to walk along side you or your family through the toughest moments. We will laugh together, cry together, and heal together. Most importantly, we will grow together.
(415) 326-7312 View (415) 326-7312
Photo of Porscha Nichole Castillo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Porscha Nichole Castillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
I help clients deal with an array of life problems such as; depression, anxiety, IPV, trauma, assault, chemical dependency, co occurring conditions, maternal and postpartum, infertility, grief, etc. Previous clients have expressed therapy sessions with me have led to; better relationships, solutions to specific problems, and reduction of feelings of stress.
I help clients deal with an array of life problems such as; depression, anxiety, IPV, trauma, assault, chemical dependency, co occurring conditions, maternal and postpartum, infertility, grief, etc. Previous clients have expressed therapy sessions with me have led to; better relationships, solutions to specific problems, and reduction of feelings of stress.
(510) 616-9768 View (510) 616-9768
Photo of Rayna Harris, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Rayna Harris
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
I offer my clients specific tools to help them navigate difficult situations, reduce anxious thinking, manage depression, cope with trauma-related symptoms, set boundaries in relationships, and build confidence in themselves. I specialize in working with professionals in their 20’s and 30’s and enjoy helping them find a healthy balance between work, family/friends, and themselves. I have extensive experience teaching practical skills in these areas to best meet my clients' specific needs. I additionally specialize in helping people navigate relational trauma and work with the parts themselves that may be stuck in the past.
I offer my clients specific tools to help them navigate difficult situations, reduce anxious thinking, manage depression, cope with trauma-related symptoms, set boundaries in relationships, and build confidence in themselves. I specialize in working with professionals in their 20’s and 30’s and enjoy helping them find a healthy balance between work, family/friends, and themselves. I have extensive experience teaching practical skills in these areas to best meet my clients' specific needs. I additionally specialize in helping people navigate relational trauma and work with the parts themselves that may be stuck in the past.
(510) 319-1679 View (510) 319-1679
Photo of Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94607
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
(510) 945-1478 View (510) 945-1478
Photo of Evelyn Natalya Fleischman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Evelyn Natalya Fleischman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I specialize in somatic psychotherapy, a body/mind approach that helps you change core beliefs and attitudes that are causing you suffering. My approach is relational and uses mindfulness to bring awareness to the parts of yourself you don't ordinarily notice. In our sessions, we slow down and pay attention the story your body is telling as well as the mind. The work is highly experiential, creative and transformative!
I specialize in somatic psychotherapy, a body/mind approach that helps you change core beliefs and attitudes that are causing you suffering. My approach is relational and uses mindfulness to bring awareness to the parts of yourself you don't ordinarily notice. In our sessions, we slow down and pay attention the story your body is telling as well as the mind. The work is highly experiential, creative and transformative!
(510) 239-5301 View (510) 239-5301
Photo of Violet Alcantar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Violet Alcantar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
(510) 974-7884 View (510) 974-7884
Photo of Jacqueline Ong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jacqueline Ong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
Are you feeling stressed, stuck, or even stunned by all that is happening in the world today? Perhaps you’ve experienced a change in relationship, upsetting news or trauma, and it’s taking all your energy to do activities that were once routine. Or maybe life is going as planned, but something’s missing and you’re wondering about the bigger picture. In these moments, finding a professional who wants to understand your point of view and help you find a way forward can make a huge difference. I can help you learn cutting-edge skills to reduce anxiety and depression, improve relationships and live a more joyful and satisfying life.
Are you feeling stressed, stuck, or even stunned by all that is happening in the world today? Perhaps you’ve experienced a change in relationship, upsetting news or trauma, and it’s taking all your energy to do activities that were once routine. Or maybe life is going as planned, but something’s missing and you’re wondering about the bigger picture. In these moments, finding a professional who wants to understand your point of view and help you find a way forward can make a huge difference. I can help you learn cutting-edge skills to reduce anxiety and depression, improve relationships and live a more joyful and satisfying life.
(510) 939-7414 View (510) 939-7414
Photo of Akilah V. Vazquez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Akilah V. Vazquez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94605  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
There are things that happen in life that we try to overcome on our own but realize it has become too much to handle alone. You may be experiencing work related stress, conflict in your relationships, shame, grief, anxiety, depression, or a trauma. As a Therapist I want to support you heal those parts of yourself that hold you back. My goal is to support you in navigating, refining or developing skills to improve and enhance your life. I want to help restore, renew and heal yourself, relationships, life or work. Psychotherapy can be a difficult process; It is important to feel comfortable and safe as you go on this journey.
There are things that happen in life that we try to overcome on our own but realize it has become too much to handle alone. You may be experiencing work related stress, conflict in your relationships, shame, grief, anxiety, depression, or a trauma. As a Therapist I want to support you heal those parts of yourself that hold you back. My goal is to support you in navigating, refining or developing skills to improve and enhance your life. I want to help restore, renew and heal yourself, relationships, life or work. Psychotherapy can be a difficult process; It is important to feel comfortable and safe as you go on this journey.
(510) 466-1874 View (510) 466-1874
Photo of Krystal Stanley, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Krystal Stanley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94606  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Trying new things and new ways of being takes courage, and I am honored that I’ve gotten to share this journey with so many people throughout my career. I work with folks who are navigating life transitions and the mix of emotions that arise from them. I help individuals learn to listen to and trust their inner wisdom. I work with adults (18+) and primarily utilize family systems, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapies. I believe that our early relational experiences have an impact on how we see ourselves, others and the world, and I think that exploring and referencing these experiences aids in overall self-discovery.
Trying new things and new ways of being takes courage, and I am honored that I’ve gotten to share this journey with so many people throughout my career. I work with folks who are navigating life transitions and the mix of emotions that arise from them. I help individuals learn to listen to and trust their inner wisdom. I work with adults (18+) and primarily utilize family systems, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapies. I believe that our early relational experiences have an impact on how we see ourselves, others and the world, and I think that exploring and referencing these experiences aids in overall self-discovery.
(510) 916-2433 View (510) 916-2433
Photo of Connie C Linas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Connie C Linas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Do you need relief from anxiety or depression? Are you and your partner fighting and trying to move forward together? I often help people who are exactly where you are. A collaborative, focused relationship with a caring professional can be a life-changing experience. I have a goal oriented and interactive style, and my goal is always to help you move forward - at your own pace - with ease and acceptance. Check out my website and call for a phone consultation to see if I'd be a good fit for you.
Do you need relief from anxiety or depression? Are you and your partner fighting and trying to move forward together? I often help people who are exactly where you are. A collaborative, focused relationship with a caring professional can be a life-changing experience. I have a goal oriented and interactive style, and my goal is always to help you move forward - at your own pace - with ease and acceptance. Check out my website and call for a phone consultation to see if I'd be a good fit for you.
(510) 338-6655 View (510) 338-6655
Photo of Fiona Ruddy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Fiona Ruddy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Waitlist for new clients
Are you finding yourself struggling to adapt to a change or transition in your life? You may be finding yourself overthinking, anxious, overwhelmed and/or feeling stuck. You may be having trouble sleeping, feeling sad, hopeless, insecure or tired of that negative voice in your head that seems to hold you back. You want to feel more confident, calm, clear and positive about the future. You want things to be different, get on a new path, but you aren't sure how to get there.
Are you finding yourself struggling to adapt to a change or transition in your life? You may be finding yourself overthinking, anxious, overwhelmed and/or feeling stuck. You may be having trouble sleeping, feeling sad, hopeless, insecure or tired of that negative voice in your head that seems to hold you back. You want to feel more confident, calm, clear and positive about the future. You want things to be different, get on a new path, but you aren't sure how to get there.
(415) 323-4740 View (415) 323-4740
Photo of Adam Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Adam Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94608  (Online Only)
Life is hard in our unpredictable, uncertain and rapidly changing world. It makes sense that you may be struggling try to find ground under your feet, a calm amidst the storm of intense emotions and distressing thoughts. Are you looking for practical tools to help steady the mind and effectively respond to life challenges? If you choose to work with me, we will work collaboratively to reduce suffering by meeting difficult experiences with openness and compassion. We will become curious and attentive to the present moment while cultivating a life that is vital and meaningful.
Life is hard in our unpredictable, uncertain and rapidly changing world. It makes sense that you may be struggling try to find ground under your feet, a calm amidst the storm of intense emotions and distressing thoughts. Are you looking for practical tools to help steady the mind and effectively respond to life challenges? If you choose to work with me, we will work collaboratively to reduce suffering by meeting difficult experiences with openness and compassion. We will become curious and attentive to the present moment while cultivating a life that is vital and meaningful.
(510) 983-5528 View (510) 983-5528
Photo of Khalida Bradford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Khalida Bradford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
(510) 737-4950 View (510) 737-4950
Photo of Hong Jeong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Hong Jeong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
(213) 275-2192 View (213) 275-2192
Photo of Portia Marie Anderson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Portia Marie Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have 16 years of experience as a psychotherapist. I utilize psychodynamic/solution focused/CBT/ trauma informed techniques. My work is influenced by my belief in social justice, and humanism. I will work with you through the difficulties of your life and support you in your journey to create the life you deserve.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have 16 years of experience as a psychotherapist. I utilize psychodynamic/solution focused/CBT/ trauma informed techniques. My work is influenced by my belief in social justice, and humanism. I will work with you through the difficulties of your life and support you in your journey to create the life you deserve.
(510) 272-7068 View (510) 272-7068
Photo of Lizzy Gobst, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lizzy Gobst
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Most of us didn't learn how to communicate, manage conflict, and regulate our emotions in school. Don't get me wrong, I'm really glad I can square dance, and plotting asymptotes is pretty sweet, TBH. But I remember when I took my first couples therapy class, I was blown away by how helpful it was, and I couldn't believe these tools weren't more widely available. Of course, the skills themselves are just the beginning; some of the couples who come to see me have already tried reading books, listening to podcasts, and even going to couples retreats, but they're still navigating the nuances of their recurring challenges.
Most of us didn't learn how to communicate, manage conflict, and regulate our emotions in school. Don't get me wrong, I'm really glad I can square dance, and plotting asymptotes is pretty sweet, TBH. But I remember when I took my first couples therapy class, I was blown away by how helpful it was, and I couldn't believe these tools weren't more widely available. Of course, the skills themselves are just the beginning; some of the couples who come to see me have already tried reading books, listening to podcasts, and even going to couples retreats, but they're still navigating the nuances of their recurring challenges.
(510) 405-5918 View (510) 405-5918

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aetna
49% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.