Therapists in Fresno, CA

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Photo of Sonia Guilfoos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Sonia Guilfoos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93722
My name is Sonia Guilfoos and I’m a licensed psychotherapist with a license in clinical/mental health social work. I am Latina and first-generation Mexican American. I specialize in brain spotting, cognitive behavioral therapy, and intergenerational trauma, and I use a variety of approaches to help my patients meet their goals. I am well versed in 12-step recovery work, shadow work, and inner child healing. I am very comfortable treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief, intergenerational trauma, low self-worth, and addictions. Currently, I prefer working with adults, not couples.
My name is Sonia Guilfoos and I’m a licensed psychotherapist with a license in clinical/mental health social work. I am Latina and first-generation Mexican American. I specialize in brain spotting, cognitive behavioral therapy, and intergenerational trauma, and I use a variety of approaches to help my patients meet their goals. I am well versed in 12-step recovery work, shadow work, and inner child healing. I am very comfortable treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief, intergenerational trauma, low self-worth, and addictions. Currently, I prefer working with adults, not couples.
(559) 377-7173 View (559) 377-7173
Photo of Cindi Ransom, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Cindi Ransom
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93704
My role as a therapist, is to provide a safe, sacred place, allowing the pain and suffering to come forth and be processed in a collaborative respectful manner. I use my skills in depth therapy to help make the unconscious conscious leading to transformation of painful symptoms into new life meaning. I have 20 years of experience working in a social work department within a hospital setting. This taught me; people need to tell their story and be heard. In a world of technology and lack of human connection I offer the lost art of listening.
My role as a therapist, is to provide a safe, sacred place, allowing the pain and suffering to come forth and be processed in a collaborative respectful manner. I use my skills in depth therapy to help make the unconscious conscious leading to transformation of painful symptoms into new life meaning. I have 20 years of experience working in a social work department within a hospital setting. This taught me; people need to tell their story and be heard. In a world of technology and lack of human connection I offer the lost art of listening.
(559) 515-6380 View (559) 515-6380
Photo of Jamal L Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Jamal L Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
How did you end up here? Stuck in an unfulfilling marriage and paralyzed by fear. Your anxiety and other men’s issues are causing you to struggle to connect, communicate and resolve conflict with your spouse. It is having a negative impact on how you show up as a parent. Now might be the time for you to connect with a marriage counselor who can help.
How did you end up here? Stuck in an unfulfilling marriage and paralyzed by fear. Your anxiety and other men’s issues are causing you to struggle to connect, communicate and resolve conflict with your spouse. It is having a negative impact on how you show up as a parent. Now might be the time for you to connect with a marriage counselor who can help.
(559) 254-4838 View (559) 254-4838
Photo of Erica Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Erica Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93721
My clinical approach is aligned with "Radical Healing Theory," which encompasses a holistic approach to healing beyond physical health and addresses the underlying causes of suffering and inequality. It acknowledges the interconnectedness of various social, economic, political, and environmental systems and their impact on individual and collective well-being.
My clinical approach is aligned with "Radical Healing Theory," which encompasses a holistic approach to healing beyond physical health and addresses the underlying causes of suffering and inequality. It acknowledges the interconnectedness of various social, economic, political, and environmental systems and their impact on individual and collective well-being.
(209) 651-6151 View (209) 651-6151
Photo of Cristina Decker-Blunt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Cristina Decker-Blunt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, RPT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
Not accepting new clients
It is my belief, and part of my therapeutic approach, that each of us has the power to overcome our difficulties and become the best versions of ourselves. As a therapist, my goal is to create a safe, open, and non-judgmental environment for my clients to reach their potential. I work with individuals, families, and children who are experiencing various struggles including: depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relational problems, and distress related to past trauma.
It is my belief, and part of my therapeutic approach, that each of us has the power to overcome our difficulties and become the best versions of ourselves. As a therapist, my goal is to create a safe, open, and non-judgmental environment for my clients to reach their potential. I work with individuals, families, and children who are experiencing various struggles including: depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relational problems, and distress related to past trauma.
(559) 540-8934 View (559) 540-8934
Photo of Maureen Charlotte Wolf, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Maureen Charlotte Wolf
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
I am a Jungian oriented psychotherapist who enjoys working with couples, individuals, teens and children. I employ traditional "talk therapy" but will also work with dreams and creative expressions of the psyche through drawing, painting, sandplay and writing, depending on the client's needs and preferences. I have a master's in counseling psychology with an emphasis in depth psychology. I am seeking certification as an Imago Relationship Therapist and certification as sandplay therapist. I am well qualified to help clients with: relationship issues; depression and anxiety; trauma recovery; spiritual issues including grief and loss; and child developmental and trauma issues.
I am a Jungian oriented psychotherapist who enjoys working with couples, individuals, teens and children. I employ traditional "talk therapy" but will also work with dreams and creative expressions of the psyche through drawing, painting, sandplay and writing, depending on the client's needs and preferences. I have a master's in counseling psychology with an emphasis in depth psychology. I am seeking certification as an Imago Relationship Therapist and certification as sandplay therapist. I am well qualified to help clients with: relationship issues; depression and anxiety; trauma recovery; spiritual issues including grief and loss; and child developmental and trauma issues.
(559) 475-8719 View (559) 475-8719
Photo of Angelica Rodriguez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Angelica Rodriguez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
My name is Angelica Rodriguez. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe therapy should be a collaboration between a therapist and a client. I focus on helping clients improve the relationships that surround them. Ultimately, your most important relationship is the one that you have with yourself. I support clients to foster healthy relationships within and with others. As a bi-cultural therapist, I also pride myself on bringing cultural awareness to my approach.
My name is Angelica Rodriguez. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe therapy should be a collaboration between a therapist and a client. I focus on helping clients improve the relationships that surround them. Ultimately, your most important relationship is the one that you have with yourself. I support clients to foster healthy relationships within and with others. As a bi-cultural therapist, I also pride myself on bringing cultural awareness to my approach.
(559) 242-1510 View (559) 242-1510
Photo of Pa Kou Vue, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Pa Kou Vue
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93711
Your emotions hit like a ton of bricks, and you just can't seem to shake it off. People often tell you're overreacting or too sensitive, which only makes you feel angrier. You're more sensitive to other people's vibes, and this lets you know what’s safe and what’s not. You tend to be a people pleaser because you want acceptance and fear rejection. There are more lows than highs in your intimate relationship because they just don’t seem to understand how you feel or what you want. You’ve been avoiding your emotions for so long and now it's hard to get in touch with them because all you feel is empty and numb. It feels like HELL.
Your emotions hit like a ton of bricks, and you just can't seem to shake it off. People often tell you're overreacting or too sensitive, which only makes you feel angrier. You're more sensitive to other people's vibes, and this lets you know what’s safe and what’s not. You tend to be a people pleaser because you want acceptance and fear rejection. There are more lows than highs in your intimate relationship because they just don’t seem to understand how you feel or what you want. You’ve been avoiding your emotions for so long and now it's hard to get in touch with them because all you feel is empty and numb. It feels like HELL.
(559) 338-6731 View (559) 338-6731
Photo of Susan S. Hill, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Susan S. Hill
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, CAMS-I
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93710  (Online Only)
You don't have to struggle alone. Let's work together to identify and understand what may be blocking you from feeling better. Acquire the tools needed for a fulfilling quality of life and for healthier relationships. Often, past and current issues can get in your way or cause excruciating internal conflict. I listen with empathy, with non-judgement, and help to empower individuals in areas where they feel stuck, exhausted, or defeated. You deserve to enjoy life! Give me a call, and we'll work through the blocks together. (Finding a therapist can seem overwhelming. Let's talk to see if your search ends here!)
You don't have to struggle alone. Let's work together to identify and understand what may be blocking you from feeling better. Acquire the tools needed for a fulfilling quality of life and for healthier relationships. Often, past and current issues can get in your way or cause excruciating internal conflict. I listen with empathy, with non-judgement, and help to empower individuals in areas where they feel stuck, exhausted, or defeated. You deserve to enjoy life! Give me a call, and we'll work through the blocks together. (Finding a therapist can seem overwhelming. Let's talk to see if your search ends here!)
(559) 332-4792 View (559) 332-4792
Photo of Cerda Sniffin Psychology Group, Psychologist in Fresno, CA
Cerda Sniffin Psychology Group
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93710
As licensed psychologists Dr. Cerda and Dr. Sniffin combine 30 years of clinical experience working with diverse populations and clinical issues. With our team of mental health providers and support staff, it is our mission to provide excellent and ethical psychological services to our community. We can work together to help you understand and resolve challenges in your life, increase self-esteem, confidence and competence while developing healthy coping skills in a therapeutic and confidential setting.
As licensed psychologists Dr. Cerda and Dr. Sniffin combine 30 years of clinical experience working with diverse populations and clinical issues. With our team of mental health providers and support staff, it is our mission to provide excellent and ethical psychological services to our community. We can work together to help you understand and resolve challenges in your life, increase self-esteem, confidence and competence while developing healthy coping skills in a therapeutic and confidential setting.
(559) 377-6848 View (559) 377-6848
Photo of Refine Counseling & Consulting, Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Refine Counseling & Consulting, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93710  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Ivy! It's nice to meet you unofficially. It takes a lot of courage to seek help, and I would be honored to help you on your journey to wellness. Each client I have worked with has special strengths that I have used to create a plan to address their concerns. It might be hard to see that you have strengths right now, but I'm confident that I can help you see strengths within yourself. As we move along the healing process and improve areas in our lives, sometimes we may feel challenged or unsure. That's why I'm here.
Hi! I'm Ivy! It's nice to meet you unofficially. It takes a lot of courage to seek help, and I would be honored to help you on your journey to wellness. Each client I have worked with has special strengths that I have used to create a plan to address their concerns. It might be hard to see that you have strengths right now, but I'm confident that I can help you see strengths within yourself. As we move along the healing process and improve areas in our lives, sometimes we may feel challenged or unsure. That's why I'm here.
(559) 413-0685 View (559) 413-0685
Photo of Kara Osborn, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Kara Osborn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
Kara believes that a supportive therapist-client relationship, encouragement and reflection allow new skills to take hold in her client's real world. Her goal is to help each client feel relief through finding their strongest, most authentic self in order to see new opportunities in their unique life situation. Her primary interests are trauma recovery, relational and spiritual issues, chronic depression and anxiety, addiction, eating disorders, and women's issues including birth related trauma and post-partum depression.
Kara believes that a supportive therapist-client relationship, encouragement and reflection allow new skills to take hold in her client's real world. Her goal is to help each client feel relief through finding their strongest, most authentic self in order to see new opportunities in their unique life situation. Her primary interests are trauma recovery, relational and spiritual issues, chronic depression and anxiety, addiction, eating disorders, and women's issues including birth related trauma and post-partum depression.
(559) 922-2441 View (559) 922-2441
Photo of Marc Antonio, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Marc Antonio
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93726  (Online Only)
Even the hardiest hero needs a guide. Struggles with mental health often leave us feeling alone and hopeless. We'll often wander searching for help and healing. That journey doesn't need to be walked alone. Let me join you along that journey of discovery to help you find that inner strength and tap into the wisdom of your body to level up. I use a variety of techniques to help you hone the magic that is within you. I use a combination of EMDR, DBT, and Sensorimotor Psychotherapy to unleash your creative strength to help you on that journey to be your best you.
Even the hardiest hero needs a guide. Struggles with mental health often leave us feeling alone and hopeless. We'll often wander searching for help and healing. That journey doesn't need to be walked alone. Let me join you along that journey of discovery to help you find that inner strength and tap into the wisdom of your body to level up. I use a variety of techniques to help you hone the magic that is within you. I use a combination of EMDR, DBT, and Sensorimotor Psychotherapy to unleash your creative strength to help you on that journey to be your best you.
(559) 342-2729 View (559) 342-2729
Photo of Shanise Lewis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Shanise Lewis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93710
As a therapist, I am honored to accompany you as you take in the views of your life while illuminating hidden gems and supporting you in your deepest valleys. Therapy is a collaborative experience, and I am excited about the opportunity to work with you as you move toward a place of healing.
As a therapist, I am honored to accompany you as you take in the views of your life while illuminating hidden gems and supporting you in your deepest valleys. Therapy is a collaborative experience, and I am excited about the opportunity to work with you as you move toward a place of healing.
(559) 702-1011 View (559) 702-1011
Photo of Brigitte Mendoza, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Brigitte Mendoza
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93710
I am a bilingual (Spanish/English), bicultural Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 30 years of experience in mental and public health. I am committed to providing high-quality holistic care for all my clients through evidence-based practices and culturally responsive interventions. My approach is positive, insight-oriented, and supportive wellness guidance. I believe that my clientele has the power to build the life they want, and my role is to assist them in formulating and executing a path conducive toward optimal levels of functioning to achieve their potential.
I am a bilingual (Spanish/English), bicultural Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 30 years of experience in mental and public health. I am committed to providing high-quality holistic care for all my clients through evidence-based practices and culturally responsive interventions. My approach is positive, insight-oriented, and supportive wellness guidance. I believe that my clientele has the power to build the life they want, and my role is to assist them in formulating and executing a path conducive toward optimal levels of functioning to achieve their potential.
(559) 206-1345 View (559) 206-1345
Photo of Efren Urbina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Efren Urbina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93705
Not feeling like yourself lately? Struggling with managing life’s day-to-day challenges? You are not alone! Millions of people, from all walks of life, struggle with managing anxiety, depression, grief and loss, mood swings, stress, insomnia, and many other common mental health issues. Acknowledging that you need professional help is the first and most important step toward getting your life back on track. Working together, I can help you identify the root of the problem, develop a client-centered treatment plan, and start implementing evidence-based practices to meet your individualized treatment goals.
Not feeling like yourself lately? Struggling with managing life’s day-to-day challenges? You are not alone! Millions of people, from all walks of life, struggle with managing anxiety, depression, grief and loss, mood swings, stress, insomnia, and many other common mental health issues. Acknowledging that you need professional help is the first and most important step toward getting your life back on track. Working together, I can help you identify the root of the problem, develop a client-centered treatment plan, and start implementing evidence-based practices to meet your individualized treatment goals.
(559) 272-8711 View (559) 272-8711
Photo of Marianna Garcia, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Marianna Garcia
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93726  (Online Only)
Life is ever-changing and sometimes it gets rough, but you don't have to go through it alone. It's okay to not be okay. We will work together to identify challenges, patterns and thought distortions that may be impacting your mental health and quality of life. I look forward to providing support and guidance as well as tools to help you manage through life's stressors. It is my honor to walk beside you on your journey of growth, self-empowerment and healing.
Life is ever-changing and sometimes it gets rough, but you don't have to go through it alone. It's okay to not be okay. We will work together to identify challenges, patterns and thought distortions that may be impacting your mental health and quality of life. I look forward to providing support and guidance as well as tools to help you manage through life's stressors. It is my honor to walk beside you on your journey of growth, self-empowerment and healing.
(916) 571-0332 View (916) 571-0332
Photo of April Taylor-Salery, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
April Taylor-Salery
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist who enjoys working with individuals, couples and families; while providing a safe and affirming environment. As a therapist I have worked with a wide range of populations such as at risk youth, substance abuse and recovery, individuals with severe mental illness, families, couples, anxiety, depression, ADHD, OCD, interpersonal relationships, and the LGBTQ+ community. I have worked with individuals ranging in age from 8 years old to 70 years old.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist who enjoys working with individuals, couples and families; while providing a safe and affirming environment. As a therapist I have worked with a wide range of populations such as at risk youth, substance abuse and recovery, individuals with severe mental illness, families, couples, anxiety, depression, ADHD, OCD, interpersonal relationships, and the LGBTQ+ community. I have worked with individuals ranging in age from 8 years old to 70 years old.
(559) 364-9503 View (559) 364-9503
Photo of Guadalupe Vaca, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Guadalupe Vaca
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PPS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93704  (Online Only)
Welcome. Bienvenido/a. I am a bilingual therapist (English/Spanish) with 25 years of experience working with individuals and families. Life can be beautiful, but at times, can be filled with struggles, confusion, and painful experiences. It may also be a time of self discovery, self awareness, a time to thrive and heal. We will work together to formulate a treatment plan that fits your needs, based on your values while honoring your culture and your spirituality. Therapy is about providing you with a genuine, safe, and supportive environment. Please contact me if you have any questions or to schedule an appointment today.
Welcome. Bienvenido/a. I am a bilingual therapist (English/Spanish) with 25 years of experience working with individuals and families. Life can be beautiful, but at times, can be filled with struggles, confusion, and painful experiences. It may also be a time of self discovery, self awareness, a time to thrive and heal. We will work together to formulate a treatment plan that fits your needs, based on your values while honoring your culture and your spirituality. Therapy is about providing you with a genuine, safe, and supportive environment. Please contact me if you have any questions or to schedule an appointment today.
(559) 484-2376 View (559) 484-2376
Photo of Maritza Valdez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Maritza Valdez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93727
Hello, my name is Maritza Valdez and I am a bilingual (English and Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working with clients throughout California. I specialize in working with adults experiencing anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief/loss, medical illnesses, caregiving challenges, and substance use/addiction. I focus on using evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
Hello, my name is Maritza Valdez and I am a bilingual (English and Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working with clients throughout California. I specialize in working with adults experiencing anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief/loss, medical illnesses, caregiving challenges, and substance use/addiction. I focus on using evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
(559) 483-9352 View (559) 483-9352

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fresno, CA

800+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Fresno, CA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
89% Depression
73% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Fresno, CA see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fresno?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.