Therapists in Berkeley, CA

Photo of Nicolas Jadot, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Berkeley, CA
Nicolas Jadot
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94706  (Online Only)
I work with individuals struggling with issues of self-worth, either shame or grandiosity; couples needing help to restore their communication, dealing with codependency and navigating non monogamous life; and I specialize in working with men seeking to develop a healthier relationship to their masculinity. I am offering you supportive, non judgmental yet direct and clear feedback on what you are thinking and doing that keeps you from moving forward. Changing the way we engage with our thoughts and feelings requires self-awareness, education, and support. You don't have to do this alone!
I work with individuals struggling with issues of self-worth, either shame or grandiosity; couples needing help to restore their communication, dealing with codependency and navigating non monogamous life; and I specialize in working with men seeking to develop a healthier relationship to their masculinity. I am offering you supportive, non judgmental yet direct and clear feedback on what you are thinking and doing that keeps you from moving forward. Changing the way we engage with our thoughts and feelings requires self-awareness, education, and support. You don't have to do this alone!
(925) 267-6501 View (925) 267-6501
Photo of Bobino Counseling & Assessment, Licensed Educational Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Bobino Counseling & Assessment
Licensed Educational Psychologist, PsyD, LEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
Feeling anxious, overwhelmed, frustrated, or stuck? I can help you find ways to cope with uncomfortable feelings so that you can feel more balance in your daily life and more fulfilling relationships and experiences. Many of us rely on friends and family to help us work through problems, but sometimes our friends or family are part of the problem itself. Or maybe we just don't feel comfortable talking about certain issues with them. Oftentimes we withdraw from our support systems and end up feeling more and more alone.
Feeling anxious, overwhelmed, frustrated, or stuck? I can help you find ways to cope with uncomfortable feelings so that you can feel more balance in your daily life and more fulfilling relationships and experiences. Many of us rely on friends and family to help us work through problems, but sometimes our friends or family are part of the problem itself. Or maybe we just don't feel comfortable talking about certain issues with them. Oftentimes we withdraw from our support systems and end up feeling more and more alone.
(510) 544-7674 View (510) 544-7674
Photo of Emily Tran, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Emily Tran
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I am passionate about supporting adults who are suffering from despair, shame, guilt or complicated traumas and are ready to break free from unhealthy generational cycles of suffering. Are you ready to dive deep within yourself to uncover the pain, bring light to your darkest parts and harmonize the most destabilizing aspects of yourself?
I am passionate about supporting adults who are suffering from despair, shame, guilt or complicated traumas and are ready to break free from unhealthy generational cycles of suffering. Are you ready to dive deep within yourself to uncover the pain, bring light to your darkest parts and harmonize the most destabilizing aspects of yourself?
(341) 999-5646 View (341) 999-5646
Photo of Natasha Kumar, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Natasha Kumar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94709
Do you feel trapped in a daily struggle with food and your appearance? Have you made countless attempts to break free only to find yourself back in the same battle? Maybe it is difficult to imagine yourself being free when your self-worth is so closely tied to your body size, or when your relationship with food feels so out of control and when society and social media dictates the way we should look. Living this way is exhausting and draining. You do not want to feel this exhausted anymore. You want to love yourself and your body.
Do you feel trapped in a daily struggle with food and your appearance? Have you made countless attempts to break free only to find yourself back in the same battle? Maybe it is difficult to imagine yourself being free when your self-worth is so closely tied to your body size, or when your relationship with food feels so out of control and when society and social media dictates the way we should look. Living this way is exhausting and draining. You do not want to feel this exhausted anymore. You want to love yourself and your body.
(341) 999-5427 View (341) 999-5427
Photo of Patricia Dallacroce, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Patricia Dallacroce
Marriage & Family Therapist, JD, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
For therapy to work, you must feel safe enough to express your most distressing feelings and thoughts. It is essential that you feel heard, seen, and understood. Your therapist must be able to accompany you, with knowledge, safety and empathy, through the depths of your pain to transformance. I strive to be that kind of therapist for my clients. Before becoming a therapist, I practiced law for 14 years in a large metropolitan law firm. I became a therapist because therapy was personally transformative for me and because I passionately believe that therapy can be life-changing.
For therapy to work, you must feel safe enough to express your most distressing feelings and thoughts. It is essential that you feel heard, seen, and understood. Your therapist must be able to accompany you, with knowledge, safety and empathy, through the depths of your pain to transformance. I strive to be that kind of therapist for my clients. Before becoming a therapist, I practiced law for 14 years in a large metropolitan law firm. I became a therapist because therapy was personally transformative for me and because I passionately believe that therapy can be life-changing.
(925) 521-8826 View (925) 521-8826
Photo of Patrice A Forte, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Patrice A Forte
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel overwhelmed by intense emotions? Have you been told that you're too sensitive, or that you should have "gotten over" a loss? Does anxiety or low self-esteem get in the way of working with colleagues, enjoying your partner, or meeting someone new? Maybe you procrastinate and make excuses, or relentlessly criticize yourself. I can help. For more that 25 years, I've been providing psychotherapy to individuals with concerns like yours.
Do you feel overwhelmed by intense emotions? Have you been told that you're too sensitive, or that you should have "gotten over" a loss? Does anxiety or low self-esteem get in the way of working with colleagues, enjoying your partner, or meeting someone new? Maybe you procrastinate and make excuses, or relentlessly criticize yourself. I can help. For more that 25 years, I've been providing psychotherapy to individuals with concerns like yours.
(510) 528-4330 View (510) 528-4330
Photo of David L. Raughton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
David L. Raughton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
My work is practical, eclectic, and deep. I am gentle and caring, yet focused and effective. I utilize mindfulness, cognitive therapy, and psychodynamic understanding to help clients make the changes they want. I look to see the goodness and strength of each person I meet. My interest in psychotherapy began with my own healing as a young man, and I have continued to grow as a person and a therapist.
My work is practical, eclectic, and deep. I am gentle and caring, yet focused and effective. I utilize mindfulness, cognitive therapy, and psychodynamic understanding to help clients make the changes they want. I look to see the goodness and strength of each person I meet. My interest in psychotherapy began with my own healing as a young man, and I have continued to grow as a person and a therapist.
(510) 399-2112 View (510) 399-2112
Photo of Genean Jeffery-Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Genean Jeffery-Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed family therapist with over a decade of experience helping children, teens and their families navigating and overcome mental health challenges. My counseling style emphasizes open communication, empathy, and problem-solving techniques to strengthen and mend relationships. I strive to create a safe, non-judgmental space for children and their families to explore and resolve their issues. My experience includes working with military families, foster care youth, children from private and public schools, transracial adoptees, youth with an ADHD diagnosis and teenagers grappling with marijuana dependency.
I am a licensed family therapist with over a decade of experience helping children, teens and their families navigating and overcome mental health challenges. My counseling style emphasizes open communication, empathy, and problem-solving techniques to strengthen and mend relationships. I strive to create a safe, non-judgmental space for children and their families to explore and resolve their issues. My experience includes working with military families, foster care youth, children from private and public schools, transracial adoptees, youth with an ADHD diagnosis and teenagers grappling with marijuana dependency.
(510) 892-4259 View (510) 892-4259
Photo of Amrit Schneider, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Amrit Schneider
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
CURRENT OPENINGS Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who utilizes an integrative and collaborative approach to create a strong alliance with each individual. I provide a holding space that fosters healing through self-awareness and building insight. My style is respectful, compassionate, and direct. I have extensive experience with goal-oriented approaches, as well as a deep understanding for how social and cultural contexts impact our lives. In addition, my work is influenced by psychoanalytic theory and attachment theory, and is informed by an awareness of trauma, including complex and inter-generational trauma.
CURRENT OPENINGS Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who utilizes an integrative and collaborative approach to create a strong alliance with each individual. I provide a holding space that fosters healing through self-awareness and building insight. My style is respectful, compassionate, and direct. I have extensive experience with goal-oriented approaches, as well as a deep understanding for how social and cultural contexts impact our lives. In addition, my work is influenced by psychoanalytic theory and attachment theory, and is informed by an awareness of trauma, including complex and inter-generational trauma.
(510) 422-1106 View (510) 422-1106
Photo of Delia Morales, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Berkeley, CA
Delia Morales
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94710
Not accepting new clients
NOT ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS (except for immigration psychological evaluations). Are you feeling sad, lonely, angry? Are you having difficulty making decisions or getting along with others? I am here to help. I am a compassionate clinician and offer a safe, warm and confidential environment. I can assist you to find the strength and courage to embark in your own healing journey. I am experienced working with trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, anger, life transitions, childhood abuse and domestic violence. I also prepare Immigration Psychological Evaluations.
NOT ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS (except for immigration psychological evaluations). Are you feeling sad, lonely, angry? Are you having difficulty making decisions or getting along with others? I am here to help. I am a compassionate clinician and offer a safe, warm and confidential environment. I can assist you to find the strength and courage to embark in your own healing journey. I am experienced working with trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, anger, life transitions, childhood abuse and domestic violence. I also prepare Immigration Psychological Evaluations.
(202) 247-0960 View (202) 247-0960
Photo of Nancy Perry, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Nancy Perry
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
After a full career as a psychotherapist and Clinical Director of a nonprofit program that served adults on the autism spectrum, I am now working as an advocate for families with a loved one with disabilities on the spectrum.
After a full career as a psychotherapist and Clinical Director of a nonprofit program that served adults on the autism spectrum, I am now working as an advocate for families with a loved one with disabilities on the spectrum.
(510) 306-7568 View (510) 306-7568
Photo of Dr. Ruth Rubalcava, Licensed Educational Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Dr. Ruth Rubalcava
Licensed Educational Psychologist, PsyD, LEP
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
If your child is struggling in school, psycho-educational testing is the first step in understanding your child's needs. As a licensed educational psychologist, I specialize in psycho-educational testing and school meetings. I have extensive experience in both assessment and intervention of psychological disorders impacting learning and school performance such dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, ADHD, autism and emotional disturbance.
If your child is struggling in school, psycho-educational testing is the first step in understanding your child's needs. As a licensed educational psychologist, I specialize in psycho-educational testing and school meetings. I have extensive experience in both assessment and intervention of psychological disorders impacting learning and school performance such dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, ADHD, autism and emotional disturbance.
(510) 761-3759 View (510) 761-3759
Photo of Shauna Bergh--Somatic Therapy & EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Shauna Bergh--Somatic Therapy & EMDR
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT-500, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
I take a holistic, somatic and transpersonal/spiritual approach to therapy, looking deeply into the interplay between mind, body and spirit and working at the root level of our physical experience: the nervous system. I work collaboratively with clients to explore socio-cultural considerations, how we fit or don't fit in that context and our opportunities for growth. We'll sort through to find and examine unconscious patterns and get creative to generate alternatives that put you more in line with your goals and life purpose. If you don't know what those are, we'll figure that out too.
I take a holistic, somatic and transpersonal/spiritual approach to therapy, looking deeply into the interplay between mind, body and spirit and working at the root level of our physical experience: the nervous system. I work collaboratively with clients to explore socio-cultural considerations, how we fit or don't fit in that context and our opportunities for growth. We'll sort through to find and examine unconscious patterns and get creative to generate alternatives that put you more in line with your goals and life purpose. If you don't know what those are, we'll figure that out too.
(510) 852-9349 View (510) 852-9349
Photo of Sally Covington, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Berkeley, CA
Sally Covington
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
Hello. I strive to provide a safe, respectful, and healing environment for every person who walks through my door. My approach is humanistic, collaborative and trauma-informed. I believe that we all possess, and can further develop, qualities of the self that include clarity, compassion, connectedness, and creativity. Finding a therapist who is a good fit is important. I offer an initial no-charge consultation to help you do this.
Hello. I strive to provide a safe, respectful, and healing environment for every person who walks through my door. My approach is humanistic, collaborative and trauma-informed. I believe that we all possess, and can further develop, qualities of the self that include clarity, compassion, connectedness, and creativity. Finding a therapist who is a good fit is important. I offer an initial no-charge consultation to help you do this.
(341) 999-5716 View (341) 999-5716
Photo of Michael Conant, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Michael Conant
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94702
Not accepting new clients
Our therapy will be collaborative, not a doctor-patient authoritarian model(being troubled does not mean that you are sick). I've trained at Stanford , somatic therapy with Alexander Lowen, Gestalt therapy with Fritz Perls,and led workshops at Esalen Institute for years. We can work together effectively on anxiety, stress, depression,and relationship issues, and any areas of your life that need some kind and intelligent attention. I am direct, warm, and contactful ,and can help you to feel better about yourself and lead your own life rather than that of others. I look forward to talking with you.
Our therapy will be collaborative, not a doctor-patient authoritarian model(being troubled does not mean that you are sick). I've trained at Stanford , somatic therapy with Alexander Lowen, Gestalt therapy with Fritz Perls,and led workshops at Esalen Institute for years. We can work together effectively on anxiety, stress, depression,and relationship issues, and any areas of your life that need some kind and intelligent attention. I am direct, warm, and contactful ,and can help you to feel better about yourself and lead your own life rather than that of others. I look forward to talking with you.
(510) 730-3819 View (510) 730-3819
Photo of Katherine Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Katherine Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
I am passionate about offering strengths-based and client-centered therapy while providing a safe and welcoming atmosphere to help clients navigate through the challenges that life may bring. I will focus on your strength and your progress along the way. I have supported many members of the LGBTQIA community with a variety of concerns, including assisting some on their gender journey. I have also supported women with trauma, clients with anxiety disorders, and issues around perfectionism, identity, and purpose. I have also enjoyed working with adolescents and those that dance to the beat of their own drum.
I am passionate about offering strengths-based and client-centered therapy while providing a safe and welcoming atmosphere to help clients navigate through the challenges that life may bring. I will focus on your strength and your progress along the way. I have supported many members of the LGBTQIA community with a variety of concerns, including assisting some on their gender journey. I have also supported women with trauma, clients with anxiety disorders, and issues around perfectionism, identity, and purpose. I have also enjoyed working with adolescents and those that dance to the beat of their own drum.
(562) 378-4149 View (562) 378-4149
Photo of Sara Grunstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Sara Grunstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
I work with children, adolescents and adults, helping to support them and to make meaning as they respond to life's challenges, such as childbirth, adoption, loss of a child, death of a family member, infertility, early childhood trauma, and other life transitions. In addition to working with adults and parents in individual therapy, I specialize in Child-Parent Psychotherapy, working with the dyad to develop a mutually satisfying and enriching relationship. I work individually with children and adolescents, including infants and fussy babies.
I work with children, adolescents and adults, helping to support them and to make meaning as they respond to life's challenges, such as childbirth, adoption, loss of a child, death of a family member, infertility, early childhood trauma, and other life transitions. In addition to working with adults and parents in individual therapy, I specialize in Child-Parent Psychotherapy, working with the dyad to develop a mutually satisfying and enriching relationship. I work individually with children and adolescents, including infants and fussy babies.
(510) 661-3094 View (510) 661-3094
Photo of Marge Iurato Torrance, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Marge Iurato Torrance
Psychologist, MSW, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94709
Hello, I'm a psychologist with more than 20 years experience working with adults and teens. If you are suddenly depressed or anxious because of a crisis, or change in your life, I can work with you to find balance and wellness. If you have been unhappy for some time and need some help to figure out the next best step in your life, then I will be happy to listen and work with you. Whether your problems are in college, grad school, a job, a marriage, family issues, or your past, I will help you find solutions.
Hello, I'm a psychologist with more than 20 years experience working with adults and teens. If you are suddenly depressed or anxious because of a crisis, or change in your life, I can work with you to find balance and wellness. If you have been unhappy for some time and need some help to figure out the next best step in your life, then I will be happy to listen and work with you. Whether your problems are in college, grad school, a job, a marriage, family issues, or your past, I will help you find solutions.
(510) 876-9965 View (510) 876-9965
Photo of Madhuri Marchesini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Madhuri Marchesini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
My goal is for my clients to look forward to coming to therapy. I challenge my clients, working with them to gain insight into the actions that will bring the change they desire. I listen deeply to hear what is not being said and to bring these ideas into the room. My goal is to make you feel safe. I will hear and accept what you bring into the space and offer directional feedback to explore adjustments you may not have thought of. While I take our time very seriously we will hopefully laugh together. I see myself as a coach-therapist - unpacking events from the past to make change in the present.
My goal is for my clients to look forward to coming to therapy. I challenge my clients, working with them to gain insight into the actions that will bring the change they desire. I listen deeply to hear what is not being said and to bring these ideas into the room. My goal is to make you feel safe. I will hear and accept what you bring into the space and offer directional feedback to explore adjustments you may not have thought of. While I take our time very seriously we will hopefully laugh together. I see myself as a coach-therapist - unpacking events from the past to make change in the present.
(341) 888-7738 View (341) 888-7738
Photo of Mauricio Lask, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Mauricio Lask
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
Whether you are struggling with difficult emotions or you would like to have a more vital life, therapy can help guide your personal journey. There are moments when we all struggle, get lost, and stray off the path towards our goals. We get stuck in unhelpful patterns that are hard to break free from. Insight into these patterns can lead to making different choices that are empowering and life-affirming. I create a warm and inviting space for exploration and personal growth. While I provide therapy for adolescents and adults, I also provide psychological evaluations to clients across the lifespan.
Whether you are struggling with difficult emotions or you would like to have a more vital life, therapy can help guide your personal journey. There are moments when we all struggle, get lost, and stray off the path towards our goals. We get stuck in unhelpful patterns that are hard to break free from. Insight into these patterns can lead to making different choices that are empowering and life-affirming. I create a warm and inviting space for exploration and personal growth. While I provide therapy for adolescents and adults, I also provide psychological evaluations to clients across the lifespan.
(510) 240-8249 View (510) 240-8249

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berkeley, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in Berkeley, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
73% Grief
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aetna
39% Cigna and Evernorth
38% Other

How Therapists in Berkeley, CA see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berkeley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.