Therapists in Rochester Hills, MI

Photo of Sonja Thayer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Sonja Thayer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
As I work with clients, I strive to discover and explore the uniqueness of each individual. As this process unfolds, my hope is that you begin to feel comfortable to share your story with me. I work with adolescents and adults who may be experiencing issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and/or loss, relationship issues, men's/women's issues, life transitions, attachment issues, diminished self-esteem, living with chronic illness, and other challenges.
As I work with clients, I strive to discover and explore the uniqueness of each individual. As this process unfolds, my hope is that you begin to feel comfortable to share your story with me. I work with adolescents and adults who may be experiencing issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and/or loss, relationship issues, men's/women's issues, life transitions, attachment issues, diminished self-esteem, living with chronic illness, and other challenges.
(313) 262-5703 View (313) 262-5703
Photo of Kristen Nicole Husted, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester Hills, MI
Kristen Nicole Husted
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
Dr. Husted has been working in the mental health field since 1995. She specializes in Traumatic Brain Injury, Neuropsychological Evaluations, Psychological Testing, substance abuse, PTSD and mental health disorders. She received her doctoral degree in 2008 in clinical psychology. She has hospital privileges at St. Joseph Mercy Oakland and private practice services at Oakland Psychiatric Association located in Pontiac, MI.
Dr. Husted has been working in the mental health field since 1995. She specializes in Traumatic Brain Injury, Neuropsychological Evaluations, Psychological Testing, substance abuse, PTSD and mental health disorders. She received her doctoral degree in 2008 in clinical psychology. She has hospital privileges at St. Joseph Mercy Oakland and private practice services at Oakland Psychiatric Association located in Pontiac, MI.
(248) 955-3194 View (248) 955-3194
Dana Monforton
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
I draw from a variety of therapeutic frameworks, tailored to a client's needs and supported by sound research. I believe the therapy room [either in-person or virtual] should be a source of safety, curiosity, liberation, and hope.
I draw from a variety of therapeutic frameworks, tailored to a client's needs and supported by sound research. I believe the therapy room [either in-person or virtual] should be a source of safety, curiosity, liberation, and hope.
(586) 281-9309 View (586) 281-9309
Photo of Olesya Tran, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Olesya Tran
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MS, LLP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
Emotional pain, racing thoughts, impulsivity, hopelessness, being overwhelmed are just a few of many things that people struggle with and some even accept as normal part of life. Moreover, many people are nervous to start therapy. I strive to provide a safe, non-judgmental, and empathic environment where I believe that each client is the best expert on their own lives. I listen and unconditionally accept each individual and create an integrative, unique and collaborative approach to therapy for every client. If you've considered therapy but still unsure, contact me. I am here to answer your questions.
Emotional pain, racing thoughts, impulsivity, hopelessness, being overwhelmed are just a few of many things that people struggle with and some even accept as normal part of life. Moreover, many people are nervous to start therapy. I strive to provide a safe, non-judgmental, and empathic environment where I believe that each client is the best expert on their own lives. I listen and unconditionally accept each individual and create an integrative, unique and collaborative approach to therapy for every client. If you've considered therapy but still unsure, contact me. I am here to answer your questions.
(586) 221-4083 View (586) 221-4083
Photo of Lisa Menuck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester Hills, MI
Lisa Menuck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
I am a Licensed Social Worker currently working in a clinical setting. I work with adults, adolescents and children. I have past experience working as a School Social Worker in elementary, middle school and high school settings. My background and training enable me to assist my clients with a variety of concerns, including those suffering from depression, anxiety, anger management issues and other life challenges.
I am a Licensed Social Worker currently working in a clinical setting. I work with adults, adolescents and children. I have past experience working as a School Social Worker in elementary, middle school and high school settings. My background and training enable me to assist my clients with a variety of concerns, including those suffering from depression, anxiety, anger management issues and other life challenges.
(947) 222-4573 View (947) 222-4573
Photo of Jennifer L Belt, Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Jennifer L Belt
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
I believe that seeking therapy is a sign of courage and strength. By attending therapy, you may get clarity on difficult issues, obtain objective feedback, and develop individualized solutions that work for you and/or your family. As a licensed clinical psychologist, my goal is to provide a safe, supportive environment and work collaboratively with you and/or your family to meet your goals.
I believe that seeking therapy is a sign of courage and strength. By attending therapy, you may get clarity on difficult issues, obtain objective feedback, and develop individualized solutions that work for you and/or your family. As a licensed clinical psychologist, my goal is to provide a safe, supportive environment and work collaboratively with you and/or your family to meet your goals.
(586) 933-5855 View (586) 933-5855
Photo of Tree Of Life Counseling Services LLC, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Tree Of Life Counseling Services LLC
Counselor, MA, LLPC, SCL
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
Counseling involves empathy, congruence, trust, and genuineness and is based on an open therapeutic relationship. I 'am skilled, trained and have the necessary tools to assist my clients in the therapeutic process. Establishing a trusting, genuine, secure and judgement free environment is conducive to a healthy therapeutic safe haven. Through my education and personal experience I 'am devoted to giving my client the gift of resolve, healing and strength. As I help them explore emotions, feelings, thoughts and beliefs that they encounter daily.
Counseling involves empathy, congruence, trust, and genuineness and is based on an open therapeutic relationship. I 'am skilled, trained and have the necessary tools to assist my clients in the therapeutic process. Establishing a trusting, genuine, secure and judgement free environment is conducive to a healthy therapeutic safe haven. Through my education and personal experience I 'am devoted to giving my client the gift of resolve, healing and strength. As I help them explore emotions, feelings, thoughts and beliefs that they encounter daily.
(248) 218-9397 View (248) 218-9397
Photo of Adam Hamilton, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Adam Hamilton
Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT, NCC
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
As a licensed psychotherapist, I have experience working with a variety of issues. I believe that change happens when an individual experiences the therapeutic relationship as safe and nonjudgmental. This allows individuals to develop a voice and be heard. I support my clients in accessing their innate motivation to change while assisting them in re-evaluating patterns of thought and behavior that inhibit personal growth. I have been trained in therapeutic practices that are shown to be effective in helping clients to reach their personal goals.
As a licensed psychotherapist, I have experience working with a variety of issues. I believe that change happens when an individual experiences the therapeutic relationship as safe and nonjudgmental. This allows individuals to develop a voice and be heard. I support my clients in accessing their innate motivation to change while assisting them in re-evaluating patterns of thought and behavior that inhibit personal growth. I have been trained in therapeutic practices that are shown to be effective in helping clients to reach their personal goals.
(248) 513-8578 View (248) 513-8578
Photo of Lori Kola, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Lori Kola
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
My goal as a psychotherapist is to help clients reach their full potential by developing a healthy sense of self. A non-judgmental and empathetic atmosphere is crucial to developing a positive therapeutic relationship. I work with adolescents and adults of various backgrounds who struggle with the hardships of daily living including, but not limited to, anxiety, depression, ADHD, self-harm/suicidal ideation, trauma, life transitions, as well as the struggles of the LGBTQ community and those of multicultural backgrounds.
My goal as a psychotherapist is to help clients reach their full potential by developing a healthy sense of self. A non-judgmental and empathetic atmosphere is crucial to developing a positive therapeutic relationship. I work with adolescents and adults of various backgrounds who struggle with the hardships of daily living including, but not limited to, anxiety, depression, ADHD, self-harm/suicidal ideation, trauma, life transitions, as well as the struggles of the LGBTQ community and those of multicultural backgrounds.
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Photo of Rochester Area Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Rochester Area Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CAADC, CCS-M, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
Making the decision to schedule an appointment with a counselor takes a great deal of courage. Our therapists recognize that and work hard to make sure that you feel comfortable from the moment you walk in the door. Understanding that individuals have different schedules in their lives, we provide a variety of options in the morning, afternoon, evening, or weekends depending on your needs. Give yourself the gift of self-care and give us a call.
Making the decision to schedule an appointment with a counselor takes a great deal of courage. Our therapists recognize that and work hard to make sure that you feel comfortable from the moment you walk in the door. Understanding that individuals have different schedules in their lives, we provide a variety of options in the morning, afternoon, evening, or weekends depending on your needs. Give yourself the gift of self-care and give us a call.
(248) 826-2637 View (248) 826-2637
Photo of Wendy Essenburg, Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Wendy Essenburg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
A call for therapy is placed because some area of life is just not working. As a psychologist, my focus is on assisting each individual, couple or family in working towards and reaching the goals that brought them in. Together, we identify the nature of the challenges being faced and work together to get life back on track. I practice as a family psychologist, working with whomever comes into my office. Each one of us is part of a bigger circle and thus the work also focuses on those with whom the person works or lives, as relevant.
A call for therapy is placed because some area of life is just not working. As a psychologist, my focus is on assisting each individual, couple or family in working towards and reaching the goals that brought them in. Together, we identify the nature of the challenges being faced and work together to get life back on track. I practice as a family psychologist, working with whomever comes into my office. Each one of us is part of a bigger circle and thus the work also focuses on those with whom the person works or lives, as relevant.
(248) 955-5909 View (248) 955-5909
Photo of Deirdra Rodriguez, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Deirdra Rodriguez
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
Most clients seek counseling because they want to create a positive change in their life. Creating change can be both exciting and intimidating. Finding the right counselor to help facilitate that change is crucial. I provide an empathetic, nonjudgmental, and supportive environment where you can feel comfortable exploring your thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors while finding ways to create positive change. I work with my clients to build a strong therapeutic bond so you feel comfortable and empowered during sessions.
Most clients seek counseling because they want to create a positive change in their life. Creating change can be both exciting and intimidating. Finding the right counselor to help facilitate that change is crucial. I provide an empathetic, nonjudgmental, and supportive environment where you can feel comfortable exploring your thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors while finding ways to create positive change. I work with my clients to build a strong therapeutic bond so you feel comfortable and empowered during sessions.
(947) 777-0627 View (947) 777-0627
Photo of Carmelita R Samuel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester Hills, MI
Carmelita R Samuel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48306
I believe working closely with clients to help them reach their fullest potential through developing goals, creating healthy boundaries, and empowering you for change. I use evidence based cognitive behavioral methods to help you challenge everyday thinking that keeps you locked in self destructive or unhealthy patterns, which ultimately diminish quality of life and satisfaction of relationships. It is crucial for clients to understand their issues fully so corrective action and healing may happen. I meet my clients where they are in their lives and incorporate their culture, personal talents and strengths, religion, sexual orientation, and ethnic background into the counseling process for authentic exchange.
I believe working closely with clients to help them reach their fullest potential through developing goals, creating healthy boundaries, and empowering you for change. I use evidence based cognitive behavioral methods to help you challenge everyday thinking that keeps you locked in self destructive or unhealthy patterns, which ultimately diminish quality of life and satisfaction of relationships. It is crucial for clients to understand their issues fully so corrective action and healing may happen. I meet my clients where they are in their lives and incorporate their culture, personal talents and strengths, religion, sexual orientation, and ethnic background into the counseling process for authentic exchange.
(248) 419-1622 View (248) 419-1622
Photo of Rachel Hagerty, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Rachel Hagerty
Limited Licensed Psychologist, LLP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
The ultimate goal of my practice is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for you to achieve your own therapeutic & life goals. Whether you are struggling with feelings of anxiety or depression, difficulties with adjustment to new life situations (i.e. end of a relationship, marriage, birth of a baby, or an educational journey), desire an extra support system in your life, or a deeper relationship and insight into yourself; you don't have to do it alone. On your journey we can work to achieve personal growth, increase self-love, discover your true self, & learn and implement new skills. I also offering professional coaching.
The ultimate goal of my practice is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for you to achieve your own therapeutic & life goals. Whether you are struggling with feelings of anxiety or depression, difficulties with adjustment to new life situations (i.e. end of a relationship, marriage, birth of a baby, or an educational journey), desire an extra support system in your life, or a deeper relationship and insight into yourself; you don't have to do it alone. On your journey we can work to achieve personal growth, increase self-love, discover your true self, & learn and implement new skills. I also offering professional coaching.
(248) 291-3771 View (248) 291-3771
Photo of Sarah Melissa LoPatin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rochester Hills, MI
Sarah Melissa LoPatin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
I believe that therapy is a partnership between a counselor and a client, where knowledge and skills are combined to create solutions. A good therapeutic relationship is collaborative and defined by empathy, understanding, trust, nonjudgment, authenticity, and hope. I strive to understand my clients’ experiences through their own personal lens. After all, you know yourself better than anyone, and that makes you your own best resource. My goal is to honor and respect my clients’ lived experiences in a way that makes you open to new ways of thinking.
I believe that therapy is a partnership between a counselor and a client, where knowledge and skills are combined to create solutions. A good therapeutic relationship is collaborative and defined by empathy, understanding, trust, nonjudgment, authenticity, and hope. I strive to understand my clients’ experiences through their own personal lens. After all, you know yourself better than anyone, and that makes you your own best resource. My goal is to honor and respect my clients’ lived experiences in a way that makes you open to new ways of thinking.
(248) 422-0840 View (248) 422-0840
Photo of Lindzy Sienkowski, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Lindzy Sienkowski
Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
Hello! My name is Lindzy Sienkowski, and I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Michigan. I hold a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from the University of Tennessee-Knoxville. I am also recognized as a National Certified Counselor and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. I currently work with adolescents & adults and offer individual therapy services both in-person & via telehealth. My clinical experience lends expertise in the areas of eating disorders, trauma, anxiety and depression.
Hello! My name is Lindzy Sienkowski, and I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Michigan. I hold a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from the University of Tennessee-Knoxville. I am also recognized as a National Certified Counselor and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. I currently work with adolescents & adults and offer individual therapy services both in-person & via telehealth. My clinical experience lends expertise in the areas of eating disorders, trauma, anxiety and depression.
(947) 333-8442 View (947) 333-8442
Photo of Stacey Bieke, Psychologist in Rochester Hills, MI
Stacey Bieke
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
Suffering doesn't have to dominate your existence. Let me help guide you on a road to a better life! I provide a variety of counseling services, as well as psychological and neuropsychological testing evaluations. Please know that you are not alone and things can get better (and do) get better with help. My treatment approach begins with creating an environment that promotes compassion, safety, and honesty. After all, it is only after you feel truly comfortable within your treatment, that WE can do the work together in order for YOU to lead a better, happier life.
Suffering doesn't have to dominate your existence. Let me help guide you on a road to a better life! I provide a variety of counseling services, as well as psychological and neuropsychological testing evaluations. Please know that you are not alone and things can get better (and do) get better with help. My treatment approach begins with creating an environment that promotes compassion, safety, and honesty. After all, it is only after you feel truly comfortable within your treatment, that WE can do the work together in order for YOU to lead a better, happier life.
(586) 785-5830 View (586) 785-5830
Photo of Karen L Broski, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Karen L Broski
Counselor, MA, LPC, NT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Rochester Hills, MI 48309
Are you feeling as though you have no one to talk to or no one who is willing to listen to your concerns and frustrations as well as your successes? Listening is one of the most effective ways one can demonstrate empathy to others. I am here to be that someone and to help guide you to be the best version of yourself. I have worked with many diagnoses including Anxiety, Depression, Suicidal Ideation, Trauma, ADHD, and Personality Disorders. I am here to provide a neutral and safe space for my clients.
Are you feeling as though you have no one to talk to or no one who is willing to listen to your concerns and frustrations as well as your successes? Listening is one of the most effective ways one can demonstrate empathy to others. I am here to be that someone and to help guide you to be the best version of yourself. I have worked with many diagnoses including Anxiety, Depression, Suicidal Ideation, Trauma, ADHD, and Personality Disorders. I am here to provide a neutral and safe space for my clients.
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Photo of Mental Fitness CREW, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Mental Fitness CREW
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48307
The Mental Fitness CREW: Center for Resilience, Empowerment, and Wellness, provides an integration of evidence-based treatment modalities, such as CBT, ERP, EMDR & DBT, along with collaboration with physicians and community resources to holistically support our clients with mental, physical & environmental challenges, so they can increase internal Resilience, expand external Empowerment and achieve overall Wellness.
The Mental Fitness CREW: Center for Resilience, Empowerment, and Wellness, provides an integration of evidence-based treatment modalities, such as CBT, ERP, EMDR & DBT, along with collaboration with physicians and community resources to holistically support our clients with mental, physical & environmental challenges, so they can increase internal Resilience, expand external Empowerment and achieve overall Wellness.
(248) 975-7153 View (248) 975-7153
Photo of Kristen R Qualls, Counselor in Rochester Hills, MI
Kristen R Qualls
Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT, NCC
Verified Verified
Rochester Hills, MI 48309  (Online Only)
Clients seek counseling wanting to be understood and know what to do about their problems. Fighting in circles without resolution, struggling to communicate or feel understood, and arguing or shutting down are all symptoms of relationship struggles. Low desire, affairs, and trust violations are symptoms of deeper relationship problems. I like helping people get down to business so they can understand and correct problems at the core. Clients love my genuine, straightforward approach and learn a lot in sessions. They leave feeling safe, with increased hope, and tasks to work on to improve their lives and achieve their goals.
Clients seek counseling wanting to be understood and know what to do about their problems. Fighting in circles without resolution, struggling to communicate or feel understood, and arguing or shutting down are all symptoms of relationship struggles. Low desire, affairs, and trust violations are symptoms of deeper relationship problems. I like helping people get down to business so they can understand and correct problems at the core. Clients love my genuine, straightforward approach and learn a lot in sessions. They leave feeling safe, with increased hope, and tasks to work on to improve their lives and achieve their goals.
(810) 637-1936 View (810) 637-1936

See more therapy options for Rochester Hills

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Rochester Hills, MI

200+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Rochester Hills, MI who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
71% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Aetna
57% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Rochester Hills, MI see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Rochester Hills?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.