Therapists in Burlington, VT

Photo of Rachel Buckner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Rachel Buckner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
My practice is rooted in compassion, curiosity, and self-discovery. My goal is to provide a safe container for you to bring all parts of yourself forward, explore what is blocking you from your joy, connect with your inner wisdom, & strengthen your ability to create loving connections with both yourself and others. I enjoy working with folks interested in delving deeper within themselves with curiosity and openness. Together, we'll identify different parts of your self and the stories they hold, creating space to rewrite your narratives from a place of empowerment and work towards meaningful change.
My practice is rooted in compassion, curiosity, and self-discovery. My goal is to provide a safe container for you to bring all parts of yourself forward, explore what is blocking you from your joy, connect with your inner wisdom, & strengthen your ability to create loving connections with both yourself and others. I enjoy working with folks interested in delving deeper within themselves with curiosity and openness. Together, we'll identify different parts of your self and the stories they hold, creating space to rewrite your narratives from a place of empowerment and work towards meaningful change.
(802) 210-1376 View (802) 210-1376
Photo of Millie Johnson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Millie Johnson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
I approach counseling work from a position of compassion, curiosity, and authenticity. Many of the challenges that we experience arise from disempowerment and disconnection from ourselves. By becoming empowered in our minds, bodies, and spaces, we can feel less distress, find greater compassion for ourselves and others, and experience more satisfaction and fulfillment in our lives.
I approach counseling work from a position of compassion, curiosity, and authenticity. Many of the challenges that we experience arise from disempowerment and disconnection from ourselves. By becoming empowered in our minds, bodies, and spaces, we can feel less distress, find greater compassion for ourselves and others, and experience more satisfaction and fulfillment in our lives.
(802) 255-9013 View (802) 255-9013
Photo of David Beams, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
David Beams
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
As a counselor I strive to foster a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space in which we can work collaboratively towards your goals. I believe that clients are the experts in their own lives and that together we can explore new opportunities for growth. Whether you need someone to listen with curiosity, help address unhealthy patterns in your life, provide support in setting boundaries, or challenge you to look at things from a new perspective, I am here to help.
As a counselor I strive to foster a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space in which we can work collaboratively towards your goals. I believe that clients are the experts in their own lives and that together we can explore new opportunities for growth. Whether you need someone to listen with curiosity, help address unhealthy patterns in your life, provide support in setting boundaries, or challenge you to look at things from a new perspective, I am here to help.
(802) 676-7862 View (802) 676-7862
Photo of Casey Alexis Vickers, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Casey Alexis Vickers
Pre-Licensed Professional, NCC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with young adults-adults on problems such as anxiety disorders, interpersonal issues, adjustment disorders, and the everyday stresses of life. I am goal oriented and work with the client to collaboratively define a treatment plan, such as developing coping skills, healthy communication, exploring traumas, and decreasing the presence of negative thoughts and behaviors. My intent is to create goals that will improve the clients life and help them be the most healed version of themself.
I enjoy working with young adults-adults on problems such as anxiety disorders, interpersonal issues, adjustment disorders, and the everyday stresses of life. I am goal oriented and work with the client to collaboratively define a treatment plan, such as developing coping skills, healthy communication, exploring traumas, and decreasing the presence of negative thoughts and behaviors. My intent is to create goals that will improve the clients life and help them be the most healed version of themself.
(802) 494-1175 View (802) 494-1175
Photo of Stannard Baker, Counselor in Burlington, VT
Stannard Baker
Counselor, MA, LLC, LCMHC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Note: My practice is full at this time; I am not taking new clients or adding to my waiting list: I believe that metaphor is the carrier of deep truths about the self, and the door to meaning and growth. As a therapist, I listen for metaphor in verbal and non-verbal interactions with clients. I was trained in Expressive Therapy and also use a developmental approach. I am also fully trained in EMDR. I base all of my work with children, teens, families, and adults in a grounding in normal development, taking into account developmental stages as I look at issues and problems presented.
Note: My practice is full at this time; I am not taking new clients or adding to my waiting list: I believe that metaphor is the carrier of deep truths about the self, and the door to meaning and growth. As a therapist, I listen for metaphor in verbal and non-verbal interactions with clients. I was trained in Expressive Therapy and also use a developmental approach. I am also fully trained in EMDR. I base all of my work with children, teens, families, and adults in a grounding in normal development, taking into account developmental stages as I look at issues and problems presented.
(802) 662-1291 View (802) 662-1291
Photo of Nina Falsen, Counselor in Burlington, VT
Nina Falsen
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Start where you are! Everyone of us has experienced rough times in our lives. Sometimes we feel stuck in painful patterns. Sometimes we are overwhelmed with anxiety or sadness. I believe we have the inner resources and qualities we need to work through our issues, but we don’t always know where to start and we need help accessing those resources. I will help you find your way and teach you to use your own innate intelligence to move forward. After more than 25 years of helping clients, I bring compassion, mindfulness and life experience to my practice.
Start where you are! Everyone of us has experienced rough times in our lives. Sometimes we feel stuck in painful patterns. Sometimes we are overwhelmed with anxiety or sadness. I believe we have the inner resources and qualities we need to work through our issues, but we don’t always know where to start and we need help accessing those resources. I will help you find your way and teach you to use your own innate intelligence to move forward. After more than 25 years of helping clients, I bring compassion, mindfulness and life experience to my practice.
(802) 255-9170 View (802) 255-9170
Photo of Diana Buchanan, Registered Psychotherapist in Burlington, VT
Diana Buchanan
Registered Psychotherapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
Note: I am not able to take new clients at the moment but I can still provide support letters for gender affirming surgery. I am a transgender woman who specializes in working collaboratively with transgender and gender diverse adults. I understand from personal experience that many of us feel like others have written our life stories and that these stories don’t reflect who we really are. Using the strengths-based framework of narrative therapy, I will help you take control of your life story and find your happily ever after.
Note: I am not able to take new clients at the moment but I can still provide support letters for gender affirming surgery. I am a transgender woman who specializes in working collaboratively with transgender and gender diverse adults. I understand from personal experience that many of us feel like others have written our life stories and that these stories don’t reflect who we really are. Using the strengths-based framework of narrative therapy, I will help you take control of your life story and find your happily ever after.
(802) 210-3446 x462 View (802) 210-3446 x462
Photo of Chuck Brewer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Chuck Brewer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hi! My name is Chuck Brewer and I am a licensed psychotherapist who has been in practice for 10+ years. I specialize in treating depression/stress; I specialize with helping clients navigate troubling relationships, and I specialize with helping clients create and then implement meaning & purpose within their existence so that life becomes coherent and significant too. The clients I work with know that I care deeply about them and that I will walk with them through rough times. I also offer clinical supervision where needed; this is meaningful work.
Hi! My name is Chuck Brewer and I am a licensed psychotherapist who has been in practice for 10+ years. I specialize in treating depression/stress; I specialize with helping clients navigate troubling relationships, and I specialize with helping clients create and then implement meaning & purpose within their existence so that life becomes coherent and significant too. The clients I work with know that I care deeply about them and that I will walk with them through rough times. I also offer clinical supervision where needed; this is meaningful work.
(802) 242-8537 View (802) 242-8537
Photo of Nina La Rosa in Burlington, VT
Nina La Rosa
BAPsych, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
The brain has an immense capacity to change and grow over a lifetime. Clinical research demonstrates even a few months of mindfulness practice can be effective in treating chronic stress, depression, anxiety, addictions, pain, illness, and can boost performance under pressure, enhance relationships, and improve enjoyment of work. I use my professional counseling training, teaching experience, and knowledge of neuroscience to develop with you a set of practical skills you can use daily. I will help you use your strengths to harness the power of your mind and develop skills to uncover more peace, joy, and freedom in your life!
The brain has an immense capacity to change and grow over a lifetime. Clinical research demonstrates even a few months of mindfulness practice can be effective in treating chronic stress, depression, anxiety, addictions, pain, illness, and can boost performance under pressure, enhance relationships, and improve enjoyment of work. I use my professional counseling training, teaching experience, and knowledge of neuroscience to develop with you a set of practical skills you can use daily. I will help you use your strengths to harness the power of your mind and develop skills to uncover more peace, joy, and freedom in your life!
(802) 755-3401 View (802) 755-3401
Photo of Michael L Gilman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Michael L Gilman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Family experiences shape our functioning in relationships. Understanding the dynamics & patterns used can lead to better self management in relationships, whether in families, marriages, partnerships or in the workplace. As individuals increase self awareness they are better equipped to navigate the challenges presented to them. When individuals put efforts into changing themselves, I believe that interesting and creative ways of addressing challenges begin to emerge. Managing self requires the ability to find ways to step back from the moment to gain a broader perspective, to gather facts, to strengthen one's knowledge, and to think through a plan of action.
Family experiences shape our functioning in relationships. Understanding the dynamics & patterns used can lead to better self management in relationships, whether in families, marriages, partnerships or in the workplace. As individuals increase self awareness they are better equipped to navigate the challenges presented to them. When individuals put efforts into changing themselves, I believe that interesting and creative ways of addressing challenges begin to emerge. Managing self requires the ability to find ways to step back from the moment to gain a broader perspective, to gather facts, to strengthen one's knowledge, and to think through a plan of action.
(802) 392-4105 View (802) 392-4105
Photo of Pamela Nauda Clark, MA, LLC, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Pamela Nauda Clark, MA, LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
I believe each of us is a unique work of art in progress. Therapy is a process of discovering how your deepest self wants to be expressed in the world and then finding the inner resources to live that out. During darker periods of life, we might question the meaning of things, feel flawed or broken, and long for what’s out of reach. These times can signify a loss of connection to our innermost selves and be a call to a new way of living. Our work together will explore pains and patterns that continue to show themselves, family and social systems that shape self-concept, and inner workings of personality that make you who you are.
I believe each of us is a unique work of art in progress. Therapy is a process of discovering how your deepest self wants to be expressed in the world and then finding the inner resources to live that out. During darker periods of life, we might question the meaning of things, feel flawed or broken, and long for what’s out of reach. These times can signify a loss of connection to our innermost selves and be a call to a new way of living. Our work together will explore pains and patterns that continue to show themselves, family and social systems that shape self-concept, and inner workings of personality that make you who you are.
(802) 242-8707 View (802) 242-8707
Photo of Milton J Marasch, Psychologist in Burlington, VT
Milton J Marasch
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
For more information, you can access my professional website by clicking on the "website" button below my photo on the left. In summary, I am a licensed psychologist-doctorate who has been providing psychological services to adults and older adults since 1992. Conditions treated include anxiety, depression, anger management, grief/bereavement, life transition difficulties, relationship, and physical health problems. Psychological testing services (personality or cognitive/capacity testing) are offered as well. Providing services for all genders, faiths, and orientations.
For more information, you can access my professional website by clicking on the "website" button below my photo on the left. In summary, I am a licensed psychologist-doctorate who has been providing psychological services to adults and older adults since 1992. Conditions treated include anxiety, depression, anger management, grief/bereavement, life transition difficulties, relationship, and physical health problems. Psychological testing services (personality or cognitive/capacity testing) are offered as well. Providing services for all genders, faiths, and orientations.
(802) 560-4845 View (802) 560-4845
Photo of India Hammerslough in Burlington, VT
India Hammerslough
LCMHT, CMHC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
I approach counseling with the understanding that we are biologically wired for connection. For many people mental health is compromised as our need for connection and meaning in our environment conflicts with cultural imperatives of independence and productivity. I view symptoms of distress as acts of resistance, not individual failings. For many, these acts of resistance result from injuries of marginalization and disconnection. I support clients to explore this resistance in the context of their current environment (friends, family, community). I work with clients from a place of empowerment, not pathology.
I approach counseling with the understanding that we are biologically wired for connection. For many people mental health is compromised as our need for connection and meaning in our environment conflicts with cultural imperatives of independence and productivity. I view symptoms of distress as acts of resistance, not individual failings. For many, these acts of resistance result from injuries of marginalization and disconnection. I support clients to explore this resistance in the context of their current environment (friends, family, community). I work with clients from a place of empowerment, not pathology.
(802) 200-2316 View (802) 200-2316
Photo of Hollie Hurewitz, MACP, Psychologist in Burlington, VT
Hollie Hurewitz, MACP
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
(802) 992-8268 View (802) 992-8268
Photo of Jennifer Blanchard Counseling, Registered Psychotherapist in Burlington, VT
Jennifer Blanchard Counseling
Registered Psychotherapist, MS, RN, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
We share a universal humanness as we agonize over decisions, struggle with isolation, endure losses, & seek meaning in life. I believe this fundamental connection is at the root of all healing. You yearn for compassionate listening & an empathetic personal engagement in your journey towards positive self-discovery. I want to help you find the freedom to generate new ways of thinking, feeling & acting: to transform unhelpful personal narratives into strength-based versions you can use to flourish. Adult or child, you are uniquely beautiful & vulnerable. Through talk or play, we'll explore how you can live more comfortably as both.
We share a universal humanness as we agonize over decisions, struggle with isolation, endure losses, & seek meaning in life. I believe this fundamental connection is at the root of all healing. You yearn for compassionate listening & an empathetic personal engagement in your journey towards positive self-discovery. I want to help you find the freedom to generate new ways of thinking, feeling & acting: to transform unhelpful personal narratives into strength-based versions you can use to flourish. Adult or child, you are uniquely beautiful & vulnerable. Through talk or play, we'll explore how you can live more comfortably as both.
(802) 402-4533 View (802) 402-4533
Photo of William Davenport, Counselor in Burlington, VT
William Davenport
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Please contact via email first! (Easier for me to respond and get things started). I work well with clients seeking presence, compassion, and the space for vulnerability across a broad range of presenting concerns. My personal style supports witnessing and unburdening as much as "diagnosis" and "treatment". I offer validation and acceptance within a co-created relationship. Warmth and humor are necessary touchstones while we explore the arc of life.
Please contact via email first! (Easier for me to respond and get things started). I work well with clients seeking presence, compassion, and the space for vulnerability across a broad range of presenting concerns. My personal style supports witnessing and unburdening as much as "diagnosis" and "treatment". I offer validation and acceptance within a co-created relationship. Warmth and humor are necessary touchstones while we explore the arc of life.
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Photo of Amy L. Adams MS, LMHC, LADC, Counselor in Burlington, VT
Amy L. Adams MS, LMHC, LADC
Counselor, MS, LCMHC, LADC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05408  (Online Only)
To schedule a consultation, please copy and paste the following URL into your search bar: secure.helloalma.com/providers/amy-adams.
To schedule a consultation, please copy and paste the following URL into your search bar: secure.helloalma.com/providers/amy-adams.
(802) 999-3872 View (802) 999-3872
Photo of Gordon W Petersen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Gordon W Petersen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CEAP
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
For the time being I am working virtually using a telemedicine portal. So far it as been working out well!! Focusing on self and on family history can provide insights to meaningful change. Knowledge of who you are enables you to redirect anxiety and think differently about others in your family and larger social system. Challenges can become opportunities.
For the time being I am working virtually using a telemedicine portal. So far it as been working out well!! Focusing on self and on family history can provide insights to meaningful change. Knowledge of who you are enables you to redirect anxiety and think differently about others in your family and larger social system. Challenges can become opportunities.
(833) 268-8290 x2 View (833) 268-8290 x2
Photo of Lauren Turk, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Lauren Turk
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
We are all worthy of love and belonging. It is a fundamental part of the human experience. We all strive to find meaning, purpose, connection, safety, and healing within all domains of our lives. I am enthusiastic about aiding people in their quest to deepen self-understanding, self-compassion, and personal growth. Together we will create a therapeutic relationship grounded in trust, respect, authenticity, curiosity, and collaboration. This allows us to address the issues you are facing in a warm empathic space. It helps us to develop a greater awareness of self and others; cultivating more fulfilling interpersonal relationships.
We are all worthy of love and belonging. It is a fundamental part of the human experience. We all strive to find meaning, purpose, connection, safety, and healing within all domains of our lives. I am enthusiastic about aiding people in their quest to deepen self-understanding, self-compassion, and personal growth. Together we will create a therapeutic relationship grounded in trust, respect, authenticity, curiosity, and collaboration. This allows us to address the issues you are facing in a warm empathic space. It helps us to develop a greater awareness of self and others; cultivating more fulfilling interpersonal relationships.
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Photo of Kirsten D Root, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Kirsten D Root
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Through my work as a therapist, I accompany people on a journey of self-discovery that fosters healing, promotes growth, and empowers them to overcome obstacles and challenges that stand in the way of leading fulfilling lives. I believe that an open, honest and collaborative relationship is the foundation of the therapeutic process. I work with my clients to cultivate genuine trust and rapport that makes this relationship possible.
Through my work as a therapist, I accompany people on a journey of self-discovery that fosters healing, promotes growth, and empowers them to overcome obstacles and challenges that stand in the way of leading fulfilling lives. I believe that an open, honest and collaborative relationship is the foundation of the therapeutic process. I work with my clients to cultivate genuine trust and rapport that makes this relationship possible.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Burlington, VT

700+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Burlington, VT who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
72% Stress
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
64% Medicaid
53% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Burlington, VT see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Burlington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.