Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Carey Wiese, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Carey Wiese
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
The artist Coldplay once said: "Everybody knows I'm in over my head." Many of us can relate to that sense. Life can lead us to feel like we are "in over our heads." We feel stuck, overwhelmed, or confused. However deeply you might relate to this, I believe that living life with your head above the water is possible. I believe that together in counseling, we can discover the path out of anxiety, obsessive thoughts, depression, grief, shame, relational conflict, and other barriers to greater wholeness and connection. As a therapist, one of my greatest passions in life is to see people flourish and live life more fully.
The artist Coldplay once said: "Everybody knows I'm in over my head." Many of us can relate to that sense. Life can lead us to feel like we are "in over our heads." We feel stuck, overwhelmed, or confused. However deeply you might relate to this, I believe that living life with your head above the water is possible. I believe that together in counseling, we can discover the path out of anxiety, obsessive thoughts, depression, grief, shame, relational conflict, and other barriers to greater wholeness and connection. As a therapist, one of my greatest passions in life is to see people flourish and live life more fully.
(872) 231-3889 View (872) 231-3889
Photo of Jessica Renner, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jessica Renner
Counselor, LCPC, SOTP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60660
Not accepting new clients
Are you struggling with thoughts or behaviors that could be hurtful to others? My focus is working with individuals who are dealing with control and anger disorders. Helping to teach those who are struggling with compulsive, impulsive, and addictive behaviors. Throughout the years I have developed a passion for assisting clients in transitioning harmful behaviors, that impact themselves and others, into healthy choices. I work with adolescents and adult and am committed to helping families cope with the impact on their lives. My intention is to provide skills, support and understanding though the transformation process.
Are you struggling with thoughts or behaviors that could be hurtful to others? My focus is working with individuals who are dealing with control and anger disorders. Helping to teach those who are struggling with compulsive, impulsive, and addictive behaviors. Throughout the years I have developed a passion for assisting clients in transitioning harmful behaviors, that impact themselves and others, into healthy choices. I work with adolescents and adult and am committed to helping families cope with the impact on their lives. My intention is to provide skills, support and understanding though the transformation process.
(224) 412-4506 View (224) 412-4506
Photo of Ebony Oliphant, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ebony Oliphant
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
At times, navigating through life can lead to us experiencing symptoms that feel overwhelming. We all need a safe place to express ourselves and sort out our emotions. I am dedicated to offering a rejuvenating therapeutic experience that leaves my clients feeling relieved and hopeful for the future. It is most important to me that my clients can feel comfortable showing up as they are. No two clients are the same. Throughout treatment you will experience a flexible approach that incorporates each client’s culture and value systems when possible. Therapy is a collaborative journey in which we will work together to get your life back
At times, navigating through life can lead to us experiencing symptoms that feel overwhelming. We all need a safe place to express ourselves and sort out our emotions. I am dedicated to offering a rejuvenating therapeutic experience that leaves my clients feeling relieved and hopeful for the future. It is most important to me that my clients can feel comfortable showing up as they are. No two clients are the same. Throughout treatment you will experience a flexible approach that incorporates each client’s culture and value systems when possible. Therapy is a collaborative journey in which we will work together to get your life back
(773) 912-0084 View (773) 912-0084
Photo of Dr. Josh Singh, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Josh Singh
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60625
Life is hard. There is no way around it. The question is - what are we going to do about it? How will we handle the challenges of our lives, whether it be the loss of a loved one, debt, a sense of meaninglessness, our own health conditions, or the struggles of raising children? Each of us has our own burdens to face and often the answers are hard to come by. Sometimes we need a little extra support to get through. Whether you need to be heard, to be seen, to cry, to find answers, to understand, or to make meaning out of your life, there is help.
Life is hard. There is no way around it. The question is - what are we going to do about it? How will we handle the challenges of our lives, whether it be the loss of a loved one, debt, a sense of meaninglessness, our own health conditions, or the struggles of raising children? Each of us has our own burdens to face and often the answers are hard to come by. Sometimes we need a little extra support to get through. Whether you need to be heard, to be seen, to cry, to find answers, to understand, or to make meaning out of your life, there is help.
(773) 839-9937 x221 View (773) 839-9937 x221
Photo of Dr. Alan M Jaffe, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Alan M Jaffe
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
A good fit between therapist and patient is an essential ingredient in forming an effective working alliance, assuming the therapist has strong academic credentials. That is why I encourage patients to do their research. The best way to determine whether people can work well together is to talk. There should be no charge for an initial phone consultation to evaluate this. If after a phone visit it doesn't feel like a good fit, I will help you find someone who is.
A good fit between therapist and patient is an essential ingredient in forming an effective working alliance, assuming the therapist has strong academic credentials. That is why I encourage patients to do their research. The best way to determine whether people can work well together is to talk. There should be no charge for an initial phone consultation to evaluate this. If after a phone visit it doesn't feel like a good fit, I will help you find someone who is.
(773) 280-7661 View (773) 280-7661
Photo of Eddie Silber, LPC Intern in Chicago, IL
Eddie Silber
LPC Intern, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60660  (Online Only)
Understanding that therapy is an investment that takes courage and commitment, my goal is to make this process as worthwhile and effective for you. With that, I believe an in-depth, personalized, approach is best to facilitate and maintain meaningful change. It is my goal to build foundational relationships based on trust, empathy, and support. I know that each client presents unique challenges, backgrounds, and stories. As such, I strive to listen to your goals and actively account for your lived experiences while collaborating on treatment plans.
Understanding that therapy is an investment that takes courage and commitment, my goal is to make this process as worthwhile and effective for you. With that, I believe an in-depth, personalized, approach is best to facilitate and maintain meaningful change. It is my goal to build foundational relationships based on trust, empathy, and support. I know that each client presents unique challenges, backgrounds, and stories. As such, I strive to listen to your goals and actively account for your lived experiences while collaborating on treatment plans.
(773) 923-0694 View (773) 923-0694
Photo of Samantha Marszalec, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Samantha Marszalec
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
Accepting clients in person and virtually: As a therapist, I value assisting clients on their journey to cultivating deeper insight into their lives in order to foster personal growth and internal healing. I specialize in treating teens, adults and couples working through generalized anxiety, singleness, OCD, trust issues, life adjustments, addiction, social anxiety, guilt, addiction, shame, breakups, religious trauma; infidelity, lack of fulfillment, relationship issues, college issues, boundaries, sex issues, kinks, ethical non-monogamy, low self esteem, family conflict, attachment injuries, codependency, and sexual trauma.
Accepting clients in person and virtually: As a therapist, I value assisting clients on their journey to cultivating deeper insight into their lives in order to foster personal growth and internal healing. I specialize in treating teens, adults and couples working through generalized anxiety, singleness, OCD, trust issues, life adjustments, addiction, social anxiety, guilt, addiction, shame, breakups, religious trauma; infidelity, lack of fulfillment, relationship issues, college issues, boundaries, sex issues, kinks, ethical non-monogamy, low self esteem, family conflict, attachment injuries, codependency, and sexual trauma.
(224) 208-1314 View (224) 208-1314
Photo of Marcella Bulger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Marcella Bulger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615  (Online Only)
Are you dragging yourself through the day, feeling drained and uncertain about what tomorrow holds? Do past experiences or rocky relationships leave you doubting your worth? Are anxiety, depression, or the juggling act of work and home responsibilities leaving you feeling overwhelmed? Do you long for the day when you'll rediscover your true self?
Are you dragging yourself through the day, feeling drained and uncertain about what tomorrow holds? Do past experiences or rocky relationships leave you doubting your worth? Are anxiety, depression, or the juggling act of work and home responsibilities leaving you feeling overwhelmed? Do you long for the day when you'll rediscover your true self?
(872) 239-3519 View (872) 239-3519
Photo of Maria Mastronardi, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Maria Mastronardi
Counselor, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603
I treat clients who struggle with a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, eating problems, relationship concerns, and school and career difficulties. More generally, I work with clients who suffer from an inability to live life to its fullest and who want a more enriching life.
I treat clients who struggle with a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, eating problems, relationship concerns, and school and career difficulties. More generally, I work with clients who suffer from an inability to live life to its fullest and who want a more enriching life.
(312) 605-5979 View (312) 605-5979
Photo of Linda Freedman, PhD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Linda Freedman, PhD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60645  (Online Only)
The ideal client, my colleagues tell me, is someone who respects the boundaries of the relationship, knows when and how to use their therapist (we tell you) and tries to do "homework," the assignments talked about in therapy that are likely to help. Mostly there isn't any! And it doesn't matter anyway. People come to therapy because they need it, not because they want to hang out, and they want something to change, not only in others, but in themselves. Therapy is, or should be, a safe place. Most seasoned therapists are still in it because they find it effective and personally gratifying. I guess I'm one.
The ideal client, my colleagues tell me, is someone who respects the boundaries of the relationship, knows when and how to use their therapist (we tell you) and tries to do "homework," the assignments talked about in therapy that are likely to help. Mostly there isn't any! And it doesn't matter anyway. People come to therapy because they need it, not because they want to hang out, and they want something to change, not only in others, but in themselves. Therapy is, or should be, a safe place. Most seasoned therapists are still in it because they find it effective and personally gratifying. I guess I'm one.
(773) 377-8108 View (773) 377-8108
Photo of Ayna Kaur Virk, LPC Intern in Chicago, IL
Ayna Kaur Virk
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
My Ideal client has issues with anxiety, processing trauma, depression, and family concerns. My ideal client is looking for safety and space to show up authentically. My ideal client wants to learn who they are and who they are willing to take with them on their journey. My ideal client hopes to heal, face the truth of what happened to them, and be bold enough to make themselves the center of the story again.
My Ideal client has issues with anxiety, processing trauma, depression, and family concerns. My ideal client is looking for safety and space to show up authentically. My ideal client wants to learn who they are and who they are willing to take with them on their journey. My ideal client hopes to heal, face the truth of what happened to them, and be bold enough to make themselves the center of the story again.
(773) 232-3474 x108 View (773) 232-3474 x108
Photo of Peace Through Hope Therapy, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Peace Through Hope Therapy
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60634  (Online Only)
If you can change your thoughts you can change your world. I believe that our day to day thoughts directly dictate our emotions and ultimately our decisions and actions. Whether it is childhood trauma, adult anxiety or postpartum depression, we can take captive every self-defeating thought and turn that negative narrative into a powerful and hopeful future. Regaining control over our thoughts and actions can provide such lasting peace and happiness. My focus is to thoroughly get to know my patients, by listening to and trying my best to understand their unique experiences, while working collaboratively toward agreed upon goals.
If you can change your thoughts you can change your world. I believe that our day to day thoughts directly dictate our emotions and ultimately our decisions and actions. Whether it is childhood trauma, adult anxiety or postpartum depression, we can take captive every self-defeating thought and turn that negative narrative into a powerful and hopeful future. Regaining control over our thoughts and actions can provide such lasting peace and happiness. My focus is to thoroughly get to know my patients, by listening to and trying my best to understand their unique experiences, while working collaboratively toward agreed upon goals.
(872) 266-1392 View (872) 266-1392
Photo of Lisa J Rivitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Lisa J Rivitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
When you are feeling depressed or overwhelmed, you may feel that you have few options. You may feel even worse if you are drinking more than usual or engaged in other compulsive behaviors. I will help you see that you have choices and that you can start acting and thinking in ways that make your vision of a satisfying life a reality. I am solution-focused and although I believe psychotherapy is a process, I am comfortable working with a short-term model as well as in a more ongoing way. I believe in being direct while remaining empathic.
When you are feeling depressed or overwhelmed, you may feel that you have few options. You may feel even worse if you are drinking more than usual or engaged in other compulsive behaviors. I will help you see that you have choices and that you can start acting and thinking in ways that make your vision of a satisfying life a reality. I am solution-focused and although I believe psychotherapy is a process, I am comfortable working with a short-term model as well as in a more ongoing way. I believe in being direct while remaining empathic.
(773) 997-2223 View (773) 997-2223
Photo of Christine Collins, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Christine Collins
Counselor, LCPC, NCC, CADC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60610
It is my goal as a therapist to create a trusting, supportive, non-judgmental relationship with you. I work with adults of all ages, and I focus on your strengths to move you towards the future you desire. I specialize in helping individuals navigate their way to sobriety, I understand that it takes time for behavior change and inner healing. I also work with other disorders, mood disorders, depression, anxiety and personality disorders which may or may not present with addiction concerns. I integrate spirituality and Christian perspectives when requested.
It is my goal as a therapist to create a trusting, supportive, non-judgmental relationship with you. I work with adults of all ages, and I focus on your strengths to move you towards the future you desire. I specialize in helping individuals navigate their way to sobriety, I understand that it takes time for behavior change and inner healing. I also work with other disorders, mood disorders, depression, anxiety and personality disorders which may or may not present with addiction concerns. I integrate spirituality and Christian perspectives when requested.
(872) 241-2189 View (872) 241-2189
Photo of Kierra Pickens, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kierra Pickens
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615  (Online Only)
As a clinician, my greatest satisfaction is derived from observing the progress of my clients. Let’s work together to create a comfortable and safe space that will allow you or family members/significant others to work towards issues and conflicts. My specialties include children and teens, relationship issues and mood disorders. Are you experiencing difficulty controlling emotions or behaviors? Do you feel that no one understands you? Have you been having a tough time with your child? Are you having relationship issues? My goal is to help individuals live healthy and stable lives through therapy.
As a clinician, my greatest satisfaction is derived from observing the progress of my clients. Let’s work together to create a comfortable and safe space that will allow you or family members/significant others to work towards issues and conflicts. My specialties include children and teens, relationship issues and mood disorders. Are you experiencing difficulty controlling emotions or behaviors? Do you feel that no one understands you? Have you been having a tough time with your child? Are you having relationship issues? My goal is to help individuals live healthy and stable lives through therapy.
(708) 586-8964 View (708) 586-8964
Photo of Inclusive Insight Psychotherapy & Consulting , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Inclusive Insight Psychotherapy & Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
IIPC is a place that is as healing for our healers as it is for our clients. We believe humans thrive in connection and community, feeling seen and heard for who they are and what they have experienced. We are a diverse group of clinicians and inspiration-makers who know that to hold others in their process, we must also feel held. Staff are experts in their own identities, lives and careers. We are better clinicians by bringing our whole selves to our work.
IIPC is a place that is as healing for our healers as it is for our clients. We believe humans thrive in connection and community, feeling seen and heard for who they are and what they have experienced. We are a diverse group of clinicians and inspiration-makers who know that to hold others in their process, we must also feel held. Staff are experts in their own identities, lives and careers. We are better clinicians by bringing our whole selves to our work.
(773) 659-9207 View (773) 659-9207
Photo of Rihab Yako, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rihab Yako
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618
Feeling at home with your therapist is crucial when it comes to therapy. My therapeutic approach is focused on respecting my clients’ beliefs while understanding their strengths, resources, and any barriers they may face. I am passionate about helping my clients reach their goals and providing them with the tools they need to meet their definition of success.
Feeling at home with your therapist is crucial when it comes to therapy. My therapeutic approach is focused on respecting my clients’ beliefs while understanding their strengths, resources, and any barriers they may face. I am passionate about helping my clients reach their goals and providing them with the tools they need to meet their definition of success.
(773) 900-4354 View (773) 900-4354
Photo of Frances Mendelsohn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Frances Mendelsohn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60615
I am an LCSW with 27 years of clinical experience. I have worked extensively with children, adolescents and adults whose difficulties have covered the full range of behavioral, emotional and mental health issues. Boys and girls with separation issues for example, school difficulties, sleep disorders, anxiety, defiant behaviors, etc., have been successfully treated, as well as defiant out-of-control adolescents and adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders,impulse-control problems, adjustment disorders, etc. In addition, my clients have come from all ethnic backgrounds and economic levels, and include both men and women.
I am an LCSW with 27 years of clinical experience. I have worked extensively with children, adolescents and adults whose difficulties have covered the full range of behavioral, emotional and mental health issues. Boys and girls with separation issues for example, school difficulties, sleep disorders, anxiety, defiant behaviors, etc., have been successfully treated, as well as defiant out-of-control adolescents and adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders,impulse-control problems, adjustment disorders, etc. In addition, my clients have come from all ethnic backgrounds and economic levels, and include both men and women.
(773) 997-2136 View (773) 997-2136
Photo of LaDonna V Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
LaDonna V Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60620
Oftentimes, reaching out for help is a big step towards wellness and healing. Congratulations on taking that step! My name is LaDonna Miller and I am a clinical social worker in Chicago, Illinois. I have over 9 years working in the mental health field and would love to work alongside you to accomplish your goals!
Oftentimes, reaching out for help is a big step towards wellness and healing. Congratulations on taking that step! My name is LaDonna Miller and I am a clinical social worker in Chicago, Illinois. I have over 9 years working in the mental health field and would love to work alongside you to accomplish your goals!
(773) 923-1095 View (773) 923-1095
Photo of Gwen Clancy, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Gwen Clancy
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
Gwen Clancy graduated with a B.S. in Sociology from Illinois State University & a masters from St. Xavier University. She’s worked in agency settings since graduating college & really enjoys helping folks make forward progress in their lives. Her experience ranges from working with substance abuse, domestic violence, runaway/homeless youth & supervised residential for youth & those who have severe mental illness & are trying to re-integrate into the community. She describes those times as having been challenging & rewarding, as each person she’s worked with has taught her something valuable as a therapist.
Gwen Clancy graduated with a B.S. in Sociology from Illinois State University & a masters from St. Xavier University. She’s worked in agency settings since graduating college & really enjoys helping folks make forward progress in their lives. Her experience ranges from working with substance abuse, domestic violence, runaway/homeless youth & supervised residential for youth & those who have severe mental illness & are trying to re-integrate into the community. She describes those times as having been challenging & rewarding, as each person she’s worked with has taught her something valuable as a therapist.
(872) 240-5803 View (872) 240-5803

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.