Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Alex Gross, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Alex Gross
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Alex is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified EMDR Therapist. With over 16 years of experience working with culturally and socioeconomically diverse populations of adults, adolescents, and families in a variety of settings, including residential, inpatient, and outpatient settings, he specializes in the treatment of trauma and related challenges. His areas of specialization also include the treatment of anxiety and depression, mood disorders, relationship and adjustment challenges, attentional and behavioral difficulties, performance enhancement, anger and stress management.
Alex is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified EMDR Therapist. With over 16 years of experience working with culturally and socioeconomically diverse populations of adults, adolescents, and families in a variety of settings, including residential, inpatient, and outpatient settings, he specializes in the treatment of trauma and related challenges. His areas of specialization also include the treatment of anxiety and depression, mood disorders, relationship and adjustment challenges, attentional and behavioral difficulties, performance enhancement, anger and stress management.
(484) 939-8591 View (484) 939-8591
Photo of Crystal Jackson, Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Crystal Jackson
Counselor, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Crystal Jackson is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 7 years of experience. She specializes in treating children, teens, adults, and seniors who are experiencing ADHD, adjustment disorder issues, anger management issues, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, depression, PTSD, women's issues, and more.
Crystal Jackson is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 7 years of experience. She specializes in treating children, teens, adults, and seniors who are experiencing ADHD, adjustment disorder issues, anger management issues, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, depression, PTSD, women's issues, and more.
(267) 682-8473 View (267) 682-8473
Photo of Theodore Lemann, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Theodore Lemann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
There are countless ways I like to describe my work, but I often think of therapy as similar to mountaineering: We tether to another person as we build trust and explore the natural landscape of our humanness. At times treacherous and scary; at times awe-inspiring and profound. The point is not to curate this expanse, but instead to build familiarity so that we can be more sure-footed as we walk through our lives with increasing skill... Comfort and ease within the chaos and uncertainty that can be everyday life.
There are countless ways I like to describe my work, but I often think of therapy as similar to mountaineering: We tether to another person as we build trust and explore the natural landscape of our humanness. At times treacherous and scary; at times awe-inspiring and profound. The point is not to curate this expanse, but instead to build familiarity so that we can be more sure-footed as we walk through our lives with increasing skill... Comfort and ease within the chaos and uncertainty that can be everyday life.
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Photo of Rachel Kolman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Rachel Kolman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
It can be overwhelming to grapple with anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, and the countless stressors that come with everyday life. If you're yearning for relief, clarity, and empowerment, I'm here to walk alongside you on your journey. My practice is founded on the principles of compassion, understanding, and respect for your unique experiences and perspectives. Together, we can explore the underlying factors contributing to your distress, develop coping strategies tailored to your needs, and work towards creating positive changes in your life.
It can be overwhelming to grapple with anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, and the countless stressors that come with everyday life. If you're yearning for relief, clarity, and empowerment, I'm here to walk alongside you on your journey. My practice is founded on the principles of compassion, understanding, and respect for your unique experiences and perspectives. Together, we can explore the underlying factors contributing to your distress, develop coping strategies tailored to your needs, and work towards creating positive changes in your life.
(267) 214-4226 View (267) 214-4226
Photo of Nicollette Airhart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Nicollette Airhart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19151  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and psychotherapist practicing in the state of Pennsylvania. I am a white, non-binary, queer, able-bodied person who is a transplant to Philadelphia. I believe the therapeutic relationship can be an incredibly powerful resource for increasing self-awareness, self-love, and healing through connection. My aim as a therapist is to foster a safe, nonjudgmental space that honors individuals’ intersecting identities and aids clients in finding their own truths.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and psychotherapist practicing in the state of Pennsylvania. I am a white, non-binary, queer, able-bodied person who is a transplant to Philadelphia. I believe the therapeutic relationship can be an incredibly powerful resource for increasing self-awareness, self-love, and healing through connection. My aim as a therapist is to foster a safe, nonjudgmental space that honors individuals’ intersecting identities and aids clients in finding their own truths.
(215) 918-7986 View (215) 918-7986
Photo of Kinder Mind Pennsylvania , Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Kinder Mind Pennsylvania
Counselor
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19122  (Online Only)
Kinder Mind Pennsylvania brings over 36 years of experience working with people struggling with negative symptoms related to trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, being isolated, work-related stress, and relationship problems. Kinder Mind continually strives to remain passionate about helping others move toward, health, wellness & healing.
Kinder Mind Pennsylvania brings over 36 years of experience working with people struggling with negative symptoms related to trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, being isolated, work-related stress, and relationship problems. Kinder Mind continually strives to remain passionate about helping others move toward, health, wellness & healing.
(267) 435-2461 View (267) 435-2461
Photo of Matthew M Sniscak, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Matthew M Sniscak
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19147  (Online Only)
Have you ever felt as though it was hard to ask for help, whether it was with something small that happens in life, or perhaps when more complicated situations arise? What about when those distressing thoughts just “pop” into your mind, and the uncomfortable feelings occur? It can be very uncomfortable, and even exhausting, to try to cope with those thoughts and feelings. Maybe you’ve fallen into some habits that you would like to talk about and understand better, or even change but are unsure about how to start. Or maybe you’re going through a significant loss or a change. Do you feel like you just aren’t yourself these days?
Have you ever felt as though it was hard to ask for help, whether it was with something small that happens in life, or perhaps when more complicated situations arise? What about when those distressing thoughts just “pop” into your mind, and the uncomfortable feelings occur? It can be very uncomfortable, and even exhausting, to try to cope with those thoughts and feelings. Maybe you’ve fallen into some habits that you would like to talk about and understand better, or even change but are unsure about how to start. Or maybe you’re going through a significant loss or a change. Do you feel like you just aren’t yourself these days?
(215) 712-8956 View (215) 712-8956
Photo of Sarah E Pulver, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sarah E Pulver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
This journey of life can sometimes be trying, difficult, and uncomfortable, but I believe that by meeting clients where they are and working together, we can create steps in a journey which will lead to a brighter future. I look forward to working with you to untangle and pull strings from the past, create meaning in the present and make space for healing in the future
This journey of life can sometimes be trying, difficult, and uncomfortable, but I believe that by meeting clients where they are and working together, we can create steps in a journey which will lead to a brighter future. I look forward to working with you to untangle and pull strings from the past, create meaning in the present and make space for healing in the future
(267) 329-7095 View (267) 329-7095
Photo of Sam Sperling (licensed in PA, NJ and DE), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sam Sperling (licensed in PA, NJ and DE)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19128  (Online Only)
Your life has become exhausting. You have so much to do and your efforts never feel like they are enough. You would like to take time to slow down and focus on yourself for a change, but when will that realistically happen? There will always be something else to get done and you can’t seem to catch a break. Maybe your pain is taking the driver's seat, unsure of when your next flare up will strike. Maybe you've made your world smaller in hopes of having more control, but things continue to feel not quite right. You feel stuck in this place for what feels like an eternity and feeling uncertain about the future has become your jam.
Your life has become exhausting. You have so much to do and your efforts never feel like they are enough. You would like to take time to slow down and focus on yourself for a change, but when will that realistically happen? There will always be something else to get done and you can’t seem to catch a break. Maybe your pain is taking the driver's seat, unsure of when your next flare up will strike. Maybe you've made your world smaller in hopes of having more control, but things continue to feel not quite right. You feel stuck in this place for what feels like an eternity and feeling uncertain about the future has become your jam.
(267) 662-2861 View (267) 662-2861
Photo of Jen Huber, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Jen Huber
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19121  (Online Only)
Experiencing several significant losses and dealing with my own physical health issues earlier in life served to help me recognize a deep sensitivity for the pain that people carry. As a therapist it is imperative to me that I do not ask my clients to go somewhere I am not willing to go. I seek to create spaces that are safe, welcoming and stable for client's experiencing distress from past or present. As our nervous systems have created ways to adapt and survive, I believe in the exploration and healing from the deepest parts of ourselves.
Experiencing several significant losses and dealing with my own physical health issues earlier in life served to help me recognize a deep sensitivity for the pain that people carry. As a therapist it is imperative to me that I do not ask my clients to go somewhere I am not willing to go. I seek to create spaces that are safe, welcoming and stable for client's experiencing distress from past or present. As our nervous systems have created ways to adapt and survive, I believe in the exploration and healing from the deepest parts of ourselves.
(215) 250-2352 View (215) 250-2352
Photo of Nelsery De Leon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Nelsery De Leon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19124
I work with those from all walks of life experiencing loss, intense emotions, family estrangement, and trauma. Healing is rooted in the understanding that experiences with systematic oppression have hurful effects on personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and physical health. If you are experiencing doubt, fear, or lack of connection in your life, I can help. I utilize non-traditional approaches to explore connections between how cultural experiences affect dynamics between family members and within the community.
I work with those from all walks of life experiencing loss, intense emotions, family estrangement, and trauma. Healing is rooted in the understanding that experiences with systematic oppression have hurful effects on personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and physical health. If you are experiencing doubt, fear, or lack of connection in your life, I can help. I utilize non-traditional approaches to explore connections between how cultural experiences affect dynamics between family members and within the community.
(215) 883-4530 View (215) 883-4530
Photo of Jenny Sandler Psychotherapy LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jenny Sandler Psychotherapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MEd
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19143
Most of my clients have some form of anxiety or depression. Often this is related to a difficulty with their family, partner(s) or colleagues. They want to feel secure and strong in the world and have better relationships. They are looking for meaning, relief, and self awareness. I see a lot of clients who need help getting over a breakup or navigating ENM. I view my clients as whole and complex beings who deserve to get to the root of their issues instead of treating symptoms one by one.
Most of my clients have some form of anxiety or depression. Often this is related to a difficulty with their family, partner(s) or colleagues. They want to feel secure and strong in the world and have better relationships. They are looking for meaning, relief, and self awareness. I see a lot of clients who need help getting over a breakup or navigating ENM. I view my clients as whole and complex beings who deserve to get to the root of their issues instead of treating symptoms one by one.
(215) 608-1815 View (215) 608-1815
Photo of Dana Ginsburg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Dana Ginsburg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19146
I believe that acceptance and surrender are the first steps towards making a change in ones life. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who focuses on encouraging and empowering individuals on their road to recovery. I work with adults with addiction issues, as well as depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. I also treat couples dealing with troubles in their relationships. My approach is psycho-dynamic with emphasis on empowering my clients by using a short-term problem-solving approach.
I believe that acceptance and surrender are the first steps towards making a change in ones life. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who focuses on encouraging and empowering individuals on their road to recovery. I work with adults with addiction issues, as well as depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. I also treat couples dealing with troubles in their relationships. My approach is psycho-dynamic with emphasis on empowering my clients by using a short-term problem-solving approach.
(856) 872-2890 View (856) 872-2890
Photo of Danielle Silberman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Danielle Silberman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19113  (Online Only)
Feeling stuck, unhappy, and riddled with worry? You are facing a significant change in life, but the worry, uncertainty, and fear are making you feel crazy. It feels contradictory to be excited and hopeful about this new phase, but also terrified and discouraged. You can’t help but compare yourself to how everyone else is feeling, which typically does not make you feel better. It feels frustrating, disappointing, overwhelming, lonely, and sucking the life out of you.
Feeling stuck, unhappy, and riddled with worry? You are facing a significant change in life, but the worry, uncertainty, and fear are making you feel crazy. It feels contradictory to be excited and hopeful about this new phase, but also terrified and discouraged. You can’t help but compare yourself to how everyone else is feeling, which typically does not make you feel better. It feels frustrating, disappointing, overwhelming, lonely, and sucking the life out of you.
(484) 218-4371 View (484) 218-4371
Photo of Jaynay C. Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jaynay C. Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19139  (Online Only)
If you found me, then I know you're doing your best to support your teenager or the teenager in your life through challenging circumstances. You've found the right therapist to help you to support them. I'm also going to help keep your teen navigate their experiences to learn skills to help them cope and manage their emotional wellness. With so many touchpoints, I believe it is critical to help teenagers create an informed decision-making self-compass to avoid self-inflicted harm, which can include self-mutilation, isolation, suicidal thoughts, and more.
If you found me, then I know you're doing your best to support your teenager or the teenager in your life through challenging circumstances. You've found the right therapist to help you to support them. I'm also going to help keep your teen navigate their experiences to learn skills to help them cope and manage their emotional wellness. With so many touchpoints, I believe it is critical to help teenagers create an informed decision-making self-compass to avoid self-inflicted harm, which can include self-mutilation, isolation, suicidal thoughts, and more.
(267) 489-1241 View (267) 489-1241
Photo of Sankofa Healing Studio- Selina Stanford, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Sankofa Healing Studio- Selina Stanford
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19122
Selina is a graduate of Temple University with a Bachelor’s of Science in Exercise and Movement and Master’s in Counseling Psychology at Temple. She is a huge proponent of all things wellness. Selina has a deeply rooted love for her community and the mental health of Black people.
Selina is a graduate of Temple University with a Bachelor’s of Science in Exercise and Movement and Master’s in Counseling Psychology at Temple. She is a huge proponent of all things wellness. Selina has a deeply rooted love for her community and the mental health of Black people.
(267) 459-4284 x2 View (267) 459-4284 x2
Photo of Jennifer King, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Jennifer King
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
My therapy style is warm, down-to-earth, and collaborative, with a little humor sprinkled in. I see therapy as a space where you should feel accepted, supported, and empowered to make changes. I use insight, strength-based approaches to help you gain a deeper understanding of your past and how it impacts your present relationships, both with yourself and others. Once we understand the origin of your problems, I can help you make more informed choices to create long-lasting solutions. Our work will help deepen your self-awareness, increase your resilience, improve your relationships, and enhance your overall fulfillment.
My therapy style is warm, down-to-earth, and collaborative, with a little humor sprinkled in. I see therapy as a space where you should feel accepted, supported, and empowered to make changes. I use insight, strength-based approaches to help you gain a deeper understanding of your past and how it impacts your present relationships, both with yourself and others. Once we understand the origin of your problems, I can help you make more informed choices to create long-lasting solutions. Our work will help deepen your self-awareness, increase your resilience, improve your relationships, and enhance your overall fulfillment.
(484) 559-6752 View (484) 559-6752
Photo of Sojourner Gleeson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sojourner Gleeson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125
I work with clients of all ages, from children to older adults, addressing a wide range of issues and themes such as: Individual concerns such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity development Relationship issues; family dynamics; intercultural, interracial, and interreligious relationships and families; identity development, emotions, and neurodiversity; parent-child relationships; personal care tasks and caregiving. I care very deeply and recognize the importance of spirituality, service, and meaningful work in my client's lives and strive to empower my clients in those areas of life.
I work with clients of all ages, from children to older adults, addressing a wide range of issues and themes such as: Individual concerns such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity development Relationship issues; family dynamics; intercultural, interracial, and interreligious relationships and families; identity development, emotions, and neurodiversity; parent-child relationships; personal care tasks and caregiving. I care very deeply and recognize the importance of spirituality, service, and meaningful work in my client's lives and strive to empower my clients in those areas of life.
(267) 459-2061 View (267) 459-2061
Photo of Ken Volk, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Ken Volk
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
We can all hit a point in life where we get exhausted from outrunning something difficult to face. We may feel lost or stuck in our relationships, unsure where to turn. Sometimes we may not feel comfortable talking to anyone in our lives without judgment, guilt, or fear. I help people navigate their relationships and make sense of their experiences to better understand themselves and choose what they want from their lives. Life transitions bring out difficult emotions that we have no choice but to work through. I can help guide you through the hard parts and celebrate your successes, while you will be in the driver’s seat.
We can all hit a point in life where we get exhausted from outrunning something difficult to face. We may feel lost or stuck in our relationships, unsure where to turn. Sometimes we may not feel comfortable talking to anyone in our lives without judgment, guilt, or fear. I help people navigate their relationships and make sense of their experiences to better understand themselves and choose what they want from their lives. Life transitions bring out difficult emotions that we have no choice but to work through. I can help guide you through the hard parts and celebrate your successes, while you will be in the driver’s seat.
(484) 739-7626 View (484) 739-7626
Photo of Maria Munoz-Grandes, Registered Psychotherapist in Philadelphia, PA
Maria Munoz-Grandes
Registered Psychotherapist, MPsych, MSc, MPhi, MEd, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19146
Clients who will benefit more from working with me are complex, sensitive persons and couples going through some kind of life transition, or some relational or existential crisis, who want to understand themselves better, integrate the many sides of their identity, "own" their experiences, and reflect about their life course and ways of being and relating. Also persons willing to heal from trauma, to build resiliency and unleash post-traumatic growth. I have lived in Europe, Africa and USA, and have developed an expertise in immigration, acculturation, and international and transnational identities and experiences.
Clients who will benefit more from working with me are complex, sensitive persons and couples going through some kind of life transition, or some relational or existential crisis, who want to understand themselves better, integrate the many sides of their identity, "own" their experiences, and reflect about their life course and ways of being and relating. Also persons willing to heal from trauma, to build resiliency and unleash post-traumatic growth. I have lived in Europe, Africa and USA, and have developed an expertise in immigration, acculturation, and international and transnational identities and experiences.
(267) 497-3047 View (267) 497-3047

See more therapy options for Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
60% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.