Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Shakea 'kea' Roper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Shakea 'kea' Roper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSCSW, MRT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Confidential talk without judgement. Hi, I’m Shakea “Kea” Roper. I’m a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). Do you need someone to talk to that will be understanding, compassionate, and encouraging? If so, you have reached the right therapist. I’m a single mother from the inner city. I’ve been through many struggles. From parenting, to family, to work, and just life. I’ve learned you can always work on yourself to help break cycles/patterns that once held you back. I value honesty and keeping it real. When there is free time, I like to sleep, spend time with family, board games, and of course diamond painting/other crafts.
Confidential talk without judgement. Hi, I’m Shakea “Kea” Roper. I’m a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). Do you need someone to talk to that will be understanding, compassionate, and encouraging? If so, you have reached the right therapist. I’m a single mother from the inner city. I’ve been through many struggles. From parenting, to family, to work, and just life. I’ve learned you can always work on yourself to help break cycles/patterns that once held you back. I value honesty and keeping it real. When there is free time, I like to sleep, spend time with family, board games, and of course diamond painting/other crafts.
(484) 255-4944 View (484) 255-4944
Photo of Brian Gordon Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Brian Gordon Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19129
I am a licensed Marriage and Family therapist. I've also practiced meditation in the Zen tradition for about 20 years, so I specialize in counseling couples and individuals who want to incorporate a more mindful way of being in life. We do this by exploring the present moment: looking at what is happening in the body, the mind, and the spirit--right here, right now. I help clients unlock old, painful patterns, and together we look at what is truly informing the emotional reactions and thought patterns governing our lives, so that a more awake and more joyful life can be lived.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family therapist. I've also practiced meditation in the Zen tradition for about 20 years, so I specialize in counseling couples and individuals who want to incorporate a more mindful way of being in life. We do this by exploring the present moment: looking at what is happening in the body, the mind, and the spirit--right here, right now. I help clients unlock old, painful patterns, and together we look at what is truly informing the emotional reactions and thought patterns governing our lives, so that a more awake and more joyful life can be lived.
(267) 296-9290 View (267) 296-9290
Photo of Kathryn Nevin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Kathryn Nevin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19124  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
(215) 608-5627 View (215) 608-5627
Photo of Amy Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Amy Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MFT, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19104
My strengths as a clinician are working with young adults, young couples, and women who have survived traumatic events, including ongoing interpersonal trauma, and who want support to process these experiences in order to show up more fully for their lives in the present. I also really enjoy supporting individuals and couples as they are making transitions in their lives and in their relationships, growing their family, navigating pregnancy and postpartum stages, striving to better integrate their careers and family, and deepening intimacy and connection with each other.
My strengths as a clinician are working with young adults, young couples, and women who have survived traumatic events, including ongoing interpersonal trauma, and who want support to process these experiences in order to show up more fully for their lives in the present. I also really enjoy supporting individuals and couples as they are making transitions in their lives and in their relationships, growing their family, navigating pregnancy and postpartum stages, striving to better integrate their careers and family, and deepening intimacy and connection with each other.
(267) 459-4937 x4405 View (267) 459-4937 x4405
Photo of Chris Fariello, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Chris Fariello
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA, LMFT, CST, CSTS
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I am an active therapist. I design treatment plans and utilize strategies that are appropriate for both the issues and the personalities of my clients. I work with individuals in the context of their life and couples seeking to repair, improve or strengthen their relationship. My areas of specialty include intimacy, conflict, anger issues and the breadth of sexuality concerns.
I am an active therapist. I design treatment plans and utilize strategies that are appropriate for both the issues and the personalities of my clients. I work with individuals in the context of their life and couples seeking to repair, improve or strengthen their relationship. My areas of specialty include intimacy, conflict, anger issues and the breadth of sexuality concerns.
(267) 217-3987 View (267) 217-3987
Photo of Rebecca (Rowan) Levy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Rebecca (Rowan) Levy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, PC01569
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19110  (Online Only)
You want something different, but it’s hard to motivate and place what that really is. You are sensitive, creative, queer, thoughtful, and full of so many thoughts. You likely have a habit of overextending yourself in the hopes of finding where you feel you belong. You see patterns in your relationships that you want to examine and change, and some part of you knows that you deserve a more satisfying life. Therapy is a non-judgmental space in which you can overcome familiar patterns by being witnessed and heard, and acquire tools to improve your relationship with yourself and others.
You want something different, but it’s hard to motivate and place what that really is. You are sensitive, creative, queer, thoughtful, and full of so many thoughts. You likely have a habit of overextending yourself in the hopes of finding where you feel you belong. You see patterns in your relationships that you want to examine and change, and some part of you knows that you deserve a more satisfying life. Therapy is a non-judgmental space in which you can overcome familiar patterns by being witnessed and heard, and acquire tools to improve your relationship with yourself and others.
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Photo of Jessica Kravetz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Jessica Kravetz
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
In working together, you will receive a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to unpack your fears, concerns, and worries. I have worked in various settings throughout the years and I've seen a lot; no need to be embarrassed, ashamed, or worried of anything you might share. I'm here with you through it all and will provide you with understanding, reassurance, and encouragement. My work with a wide range of clients, and my personal struggle with chronic health issues, gives me a special understanding for others with chronic conditions.
In working together, you will receive a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to unpack your fears, concerns, and worries. I have worked in various settings throughout the years and I've seen a lot; no need to be embarrassed, ashamed, or worried of anything you might share. I'm here with you through it all and will provide you with understanding, reassurance, and encouragement. My work with a wide range of clients, and my personal struggle with chronic health issues, gives me a special understanding for others with chronic conditions.
(267) 656-7241 View (267) 656-7241
Photo of Ashley Walters, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Ashley Walters
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
My name is Ashley and I'm a board certified art therapist and licensed professional counselor. I enjoy regular hikes, camping, creating art, and home cooked meals. I hope to support clients in finding ways to live their life to the fullest. If you had no more problems, what would your everyday look like? What has been barriers to achieving a more fulfilling life?
My name is Ashley and I'm a board certified art therapist and licensed professional counselor. I enjoy regular hikes, camping, creating art, and home cooked meals. I hope to support clients in finding ways to live their life to the fullest. If you had no more problems, what would your everyday look like? What has been barriers to achieving a more fulfilling life?
(484) 255-8443 View (484) 255-8443
Photo of Olga Lomanovitch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Olga Lomanovitch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
Can you image a life where you are able to treat yourself with kindness and compassion? A life where you can discover the roots of your pain and learn new, healthy ways of approaching daily difficulties? A life where you don’t need to use alcohol and substances to cope with your pain? Whether you are new to therapy and curious about how therapy can benefit you, or are returning to healing, I am here to help. All that is needed to start this process is a willingness to be curious about your life, which is the first step to initiating the changes you would like to make.
Can you image a life where you are able to treat yourself with kindness and compassion? A life where you can discover the roots of your pain and learn new, healthy ways of approaching daily difficulties? A life where you don’t need to use alcohol and substances to cope with your pain? Whether you are new to therapy and curious about how therapy can benefit you, or are returning to healing, I am here to help. All that is needed to start this process is a willingness to be curious about your life, which is the first step to initiating the changes you would like to make.
(267) 227-9373 View (267) 227-9373
Photo of Roberta Kabat, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Roberta Kabat
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
People come to me confronting many issues in their lives, fears of intimacy, difficulty setting or achieving goals at work, marital problems, problems with other family members, grief and loss. I see my job as exploring these issues and finding ways to deal with and resolve them so that the patient is able to find ways to deal with their feelings, find solutions to their problems, and be able to move forward in their life in the most effective and healthy way.
People come to me confronting many issues in their lives, fears of intimacy, difficulty setting or achieving goals at work, marital problems, problems with other family members, grief and loss. I see my job as exploring these issues and finding ways to deal with and resolve them so that the patient is able to find ways to deal with their feelings, find solutions to their problems, and be able to move forward in their life in the most effective and healthy way.
(914) 340-0832 View (914) 340-0832
Photo of Felicia Greenfield, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Felicia Greenfield
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I specialize in helping people navigate challenges related to aging, illness, caregiving, and grief & loss. If you are seeking psychotherapy, I will work with you to explore how your thoughts and behaviors might affect your relationships and well-being. I will help you assess your emotions and empower you to meet the goals you set for yourself. My approach is relational and psychodynamic. However, during my assessment, I will work with you to understand your goals and preferences and may incorporate aspects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, or other modalities to best meet your needs.
I specialize in helping people navigate challenges related to aging, illness, caregiving, and grief & loss. If you are seeking psychotherapy, I will work with you to explore how your thoughts and behaviors might affect your relationships and well-being. I will help you assess your emotions and empower you to meet the goals you set for yourself. My approach is relational and psychodynamic. However, during my assessment, I will work with you to understand your goals and preferences and may incorporate aspects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, or other modalities to best meet your needs.
(215) 607-8409 View (215) 607-8409
Photo of Megan Connors, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Megan Connors
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel like your anxiety is controlling your life not only mentally, but also physically? Do you ever feel like you can no longer do the things that you once used to enjoy due to anxiety? Anxiety can feel all consuming at times and can take away from so many of the good parts of life. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults with anxiety disorders including but not limited to social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and panic disorder. My approach to therapy includes working together to find what tools and strategies work best for you, helping you get back to what optimal wellness feels like for you.
Do you ever feel like your anxiety is controlling your life not only mentally, but also physically? Do you ever feel like you can no longer do the things that you once used to enjoy due to anxiety? Anxiety can feel all consuming at times and can take away from so many of the good parts of life. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults with anxiety disorders including but not limited to social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and panic disorder. My approach to therapy includes working together to find what tools and strategies work best for you, helping you get back to what optimal wellness feels like for you.
(484) 759-7905 View (484) 759-7905
Photo of Sarah Sprenkle, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Sarah Sprenkle
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NIT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Do you feel disconnected from yourself and your feelings, possibly due to trauma? Do you lack understanding of the cause & need education on how the brain responds to trauma? Do you have relational issues or anger management struggles that lead to addictive behaviors? Do you struggle with self-worth issues and feel tired, frustrated, and confused? In therapy, you will learn to identify trauma responses, build tolerance for difficult or uncomfortable feelings, & utilize various coping skills & grounding techniques. Gain confidence, take risks to address complex issues & learn how to create healthy boundaries for relationships.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself and your feelings, possibly due to trauma? Do you lack understanding of the cause & need education on how the brain responds to trauma? Do you have relational issues or anger management struggles that lead to addictive behaviors? Do you struggle with self-worth issues and feel tired, frustrated, and confused? In therapy, you will learn to identify trauma responses, build tolerance for difficult or uncomfortable feelings, & utilize various coping skills & grounding techniques. Gain confidence, take risks to address complex issues & learn how to create healthy boundaries for relationships.
(267) 609-3391 View (267) 609-3391
Photo of The Nava Center, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
The Nava Center
Psychologist, PsyD, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19146  (Online Only)
We are committed to providing high quality trauma therapy to survivors of any kind of trauma. All of our clinicians are extensively trained in multiple evidence-based practices focus on the treatment of trauma and have years of experience working specifically with survivors. If you want to heal from trauma and create or enhance a life worth living, we are here to help.
We are committed to providing high quality trauma therapy to survivors of any kind of trauma. All of our clinicians are extensively trained in multiple evidence-based practices focus on the treatment of trauma and have years of experience working specifically with survivors. If you want to heal from trauma and create or enhance a life worth living, we are here to help.
(267) 440-6657 View (267) 440-6657
Photo of Christelle Candelario, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Christelle Candelario
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC, CTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19146  (Online Only)
My name is Christelle Candelario, I am a board-certified Masters level therapist and a Certified Trauma Professional. I have experience working with those with anxiety, mood disorders, PTSD, personality disorders, and many other conditions at a variety of ages and life stages.
My name is Christelle Candelario, I am a board-certified Masters level therapist and a Certified Trauma Professional. I have experience working with those with anxiety, mood disorders, PTSD, personality disorders, and many other conditions at a variety of ages and life stages.
(267) 609-8424 View (267) 609-8424
Photo of Hannah Gordon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Hannah Gordon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , MSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Not accepting new clients
Whether you are going through a life change, experiencing symptoms of anxiety or depression or just feeling you need a space to process your emotions without judgement, I am here to support you. I have experience working with clients who have a wide-range of mental health symptoms and life stressors. Through individualized and relationally-based practice, together we can explore whatever challenges you are facing and develop a plan to help make meaningful change in your life.
Whether you are going through a life change, experiencing symptoms of anxiety or depression or just feeling you need a space to process your emotions without judgement, I am here to support you. I have experience working with clients who have a wide-range of mental health symptoms and life stressors. Through individualized and relationally-based practice, together we can explore whatever challenges you are facing and develop a plan to help make meaningful change in your life.
(215) 608-1904 View (215) 608-1904
Photo of Sabrina Key, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Sabrina Key
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Hello my name is Sabrina Key I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I recieved my Masters in Counseling from Alvernia University. I have been working in the field for 27 years. I help clients at their level of needs. I work with young and older adults. Rapport building is the key to a successful client/therapist relationship. I experienced a great deal of life on life terms. I live my life to the fullest. I feel complete giving back to t
Hello my name is Sabrina Key I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I recieved my Masters in Counseling from Alvernia University. I have been working in the field for 27 years. I help clients at their level of needs. I work with young and older adults. Rapport building is the key to a successful client/therapist relationship. I experienced a great deal of life on life terms. I live my life to the fullest. I feel complete giving back to t
(484) 915-1114 View (484) 915-1114
Photo of Molly Hayes Wolfe, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Molly Hayes Wolfe
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am very passionate about my work and consider it a gift to be able to help people improve their lives and wellbeing. I have over 20 years of experience in the mental health care field. I was trained early in in my career as an Addictions Counselor at Drexel University and then moved to San Francisco to complete my Masters in Counseling Psychology with a focus in Marriage and family therapy . I am trained in Cognitive behavioral therapy , Humanistic , and Mindfulness based practices . I have a very dynamic, collaborative, pragmatic approach to counseling that I tailor to the needs and preferences of each individual client.
I am very passionate about my work and consider it a gift to be able to help people improve their lives and wellbeing. I have over 20 years of experience in the mental health care field. I was trained early in in my career as an Addictions Counselor at Drexel University and then moved to San Francisco to complete my Masters in Counseling Psychology with a focus in Marriage and family therapy . I am trained in Cognitive behavioral therapy , Humanistic , and Mindfulness based practices . I have a very dynamic, collaborative, pragmatic approach to counseling that I tailor to the needs and preferences of each individual client.
(267) 609-2258 View (267) 609-2258
Photo of Bethanne Frazer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Bethanne Frazer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19104  (Online Only)
We all need space to prioritize our thoughts and feelings, to say what we need to say out loud, to someone who will not judge us for how we think and feel. Oftentimes, we cannot expect the people in our lives to be impartial or unbiased. Sometimes the people in our lives are far too involved in what causes us to need this space, to process our trauma, and they might not realize why we are anxious or depressed. In the therapeutic relationship, it is all about what you want and need. I will listen and ask thoughtful questions and help you recognize patterns and make connections.
We all need space to prioritize our thoughts and feelings, to say what we need to say out loud, to someone who will not judge us for how we think and feel. Oftentimes, we cannot expect the people in our lives to be impartial or unbiased. Sometimes the people in our lives are far too involved in what causes us to need this space, to process our trauma, and they might not realize why we are anxious or depressed. In the therapeutic relationship, it is all about what you want and need. I will listen and ask thoughtful questions and help you recognize patterns and make connections.
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Photo of Ken Lopez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Ken Lopez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
You deserve to have every part of yourself be valued, honored, and felt in a way that acknowledges the complexities of life that centers YOUR truth and authenticity. As a first-generation, Queer, Non-Binary, Black and spiritual being, I see the healing space as a transformative space where folx can step in and tap in to those parts of yourself that can really help to facilitate the connection between mind, body, and heart.
You deserve to have every part of yourself be valued, honored, and felt in a way that acknowledges the complexities of life that centers YOUR truth and authenticity. As a first-generation, Queer, Non-Binary, Black and spiritual being, I see the healing space as a transformative space where folx can step in and tap in to those parts of yourself that can really help to facilitate the connection between mind, body, and heart.
(484) 623-6847 View (484) 623-6847

See more therapy options for Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
60% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.