Therapists in Reno, NV

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Photo of Celia Zisman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Celia Zisman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89502
Welcome to my page and thank you for giving me the privilege of your consideration. I have specific expertise in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Phobic Disorders, Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders and eating disorders. I also am highly skilled in working with anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, life stressors/transitions, and interpersonal dynamics. I have certification in substance use disorder counseling, PMADS, DBT, Cinema Therapy, and Narrative Therapy. I also recently completed Phase 1 Brainspotting for trauma and utilize an attachment lens to explore our unhealed wounds that continue to hurt us and others in our lives.
Welcome to my page and thank you for giving me the privilege of your consideration. I have specific expertise in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Phobic Disorders, Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders and eating disorders. I also am highly skilled in working with anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, life stressors/transitions, and interpersonal dynamics. I have certification in substance use disorder counseling, PMADS, DBT, Cinema Therapy, and Narrative Therapy. I also recently completed Phase 1 Brainspotting for trauma and utilize an attachment lens to explore our unhealed wounds that continue to hurt us and others in our lives.
(775) 242-5319 View (775) 242-5319
Photo of Ciara B Hayes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Reno, NV
Ciara B Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, PAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89523
My goal as a therapist is to create a supportive, non-judgmental space to explore and develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. I believe in a shame-free, co-created relationship where warmth, empathy, and humor are not only valued, but encouraged. I bring my authenticity and curiosity to help foster a space where you can safely examine the parts of your life that don’t align with your vision for yourself. I will take you seriously and do my best to understand your world as you experience it. I want to join you and work towards goals you have during this process.
My goal as a therapist is to create a supportive, non-judgmental space to explore and develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. I believe in a shame-free, co-created relationship where warmth, empathy, and humor are not only valued, but encouraged. I bring my authenticity and curiosity to help foster a space where you can safely examine the parts of your life that don’t align with your vision for yourself. I will take you seriously and do my best to understand your world as you experience it. I want to join you and work towards goals you have during this process.
(775) 800-6350 View (775) 800-6350
Photo of Lauren E. Hull, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Lauren E. Hull
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89502  (Online Only)
Lauren is a warm and supportive therapist who believes in the power of humor, empathy, and genuine connection to facilitate healing and growth. With experience in treating adjustment difficulties, working with first responders, and helping individuals with complex/chronic medical issues, she is dedicated to supporting her clients on their journeys to recovery and resilience. Lauren offers specialized support to these individuals, providing a safe space to process traumatic experiences, manage stress and anxiety, and develop effective coping mechanisms. She is trained in Accelerated Resolution Therapy (similar to EMDR).
Lauren is a warm and supportive therapist who believes in the power of humor, empathy, and genuine connection to facilitate healing and growth. With experience in treating adjustment difficulties, working with first responders, and helping individuals with complex/chronic medical issues, she is dedicated to supporting her clients on their journeys to recovery and resilience. Lauren offers specialized support to these individuals, providing a safe space to process traumatic experiences, manage stress and anxiety, and develop effective coping mechanisms. She is trained in Accelerated Resolution Therapy (similar to EMDR).
(775) 256-7761 View (775) 256-7761
Photo of Emily Stewart in Reno, NV
Emily Stewart
MT-BC, CCTS-A
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89502
It's my philosophy to meet you where you are today, and honor you as the expert on your life. I use music therapy as a method for therapeutic change to address many concerns a person may face on their journey, as well as to enhance overall wellness and quality of life. I understand the process of engaging in music as a neurological and psychological science, and as a holistic way of being. Any person struggling with emotional, physical, cognitive, identity, or other personhood issues may benefit from music therapy.
It's my philosophy to meet you where you are today, and honor you as the expert on your life. I use music therapy as a method for therapeutic change to address many concerns a person may face on their journey, as well as to enhance overall wellness and quality of life. I understand the process of engaging in music as a neurological and psychological science, and as a holistic way of being. Any person struggling with emotional, physical, cognitive, identity, or other personhood issues may benefit from music therapy.
(775) 587-2329 View (775) 587-2329
Photo of Michelle Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Michelle Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89509
I am a dedicated Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist providing comprehensive care to diverse populations. With a focus on the LGBTQIA+ community, survivors of domestic violence, and individuals navigating postpartum challenges, I take a client-centered approach that prioritizes empowerment and collaboration. Grounded in solution-focused and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) rooted techniques, I guide my clients toward meaningful change and growth.
I am a dedicated Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist providing comprehensive care to diverse populations. With a focus on the LGBTQIA+ community, survivors of domestic violence, and individuals navigating postpartum challenges, I take a client-centered approach that prioritizes empowerment and collaboration. Grounded in solution-focused and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) rooted techniques, I guide my clients toward meaningful change and growth.
(775) 402-1284 View (775) 402-1284
Photo of Paula J Berry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Paula J Berry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89502
I have been working with children and adults in the mental health field for 25 years. I have training in the following evidence based practices: Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, Structural Dissociation, EMDR, DBT and Motivational Interviewing. I work with a variety of age groups who are interested in making positive changes and finding peace of mind. I have specialized training in the treatment of trauma and abuse, grief and loss, mood disorders, behavior disorders, women's issues, and parenting. I am a certified clinical trauma professional.
I have been working with children and adults in the mental health field for 25 years. I have training in the following evidence based practices: Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, Structural Dissociation, EMDR, DBT and Motivational Interviewing. I work with a variety of age groups who are interested in making positive changes and finding peace of mind. I have specialized training in the treatment of trauma and abuse, grief and loss, mood disorders, behavior disorders, women's issues, and parenting. I am a certified clinical trauma professional.
(775) 312-5601 View (775) 312-5601
Photo of Amanda Giles, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Amanda Giles
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, NCC
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509
Therapy is a process of growth and exploration to increase understanding and clarification of personal experiences. I help individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, and interpersonal conflicts to build self-efficacy and empathy to move forward. I work hard to create a safe, nonjudgmental environment where clients can continue to grow.
Therapy is a process of growth and exploration to increase understanding and clarification of personal experiences. I help individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, and interpersonal conflicts to build self-efficacy and empathy to move forward. I work hard to create a safe, nonjudgmental environment where clients can continue to grow.
(775) 346-6750 View (775) 346-6750
Photo of Amanda Stewart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Amanda Stewart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89501
As human beings we are hard-wired for connection. When we find ourselves disconnected from the very people we hold most dear it is very painful and that pain can ripple into every facet of our lives. At Emotional and Relationship Health Associates we understand this and are here to help. As a therapy group, we specialize in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment based therapy model that is evidenced-based and seen as the gold standard for healing relationships. It gets to the root of the problem without judging or taking sides and can bring lasting change that transforms lives and relationships.
As human beings we are hard-wired for connection. When we find ourselves disconnected from the very people we hold most dear it is very painful and that pain can ripple into every facet of our lives. At Emotional and Relationship Health Associates we understand this and are here to help. As a therapy group, we specialize in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment based therapy model that is evidenced-based and seen as the gold standard for healing relationships. It gets to the root of the problem without judging or taking sides and can bring lasting change that transforms lives and relationships.
(775) 416-9829 View (775) 416-9829
Photo of Tom Harrison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Tom Harrison
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89502
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and have been a practicing therapist and university professor for close to 30 years. My interests and specialties focus on couples and individual therapy. My clients are high-functioning and are generally experiencing life transitions, relational difficulties, communication issues, stress, career, or general life concerns. More often than not, clients present with anxieties, sexual issues, decreased goals, diminished hopefulness, feelings of guilt, anger, and resentment, miscommunications, and/or a belief of existing rather than living. Please visit my website at tomharrisonphdmft@gmail.com if you would like more detailed information. Thank you.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and have been a practicing therapist and university professor for close to 30 years. My interests and specialties focus on couples and individual therapy. My clients are high-functioning and are generally experiencing life transitions, relational difficulties, communication issues, stress, career, or general life concerns. More often than not, clients present with anxieties, sexual issues, decreased goals, diminished hopefulness, feelings of guilt, anger, and resentment, miscommunications, and/or a belief of existing rather than living. Please visit my website at tomharrisonphdmft@gmail.com if you would like more detailed information. Thank you.
(775) 293-4602 View (775) 293-4602
Photo of Tracey Somers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Tracey Somers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89521
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I provide compassionate and effective therapy to help clients meet their goals. I specialized in working with moms, in all stages of motherhood struggling with anxiety and depression. As a millennial mom of 3, I get how challenging it can be; I am committed to providing you with the tools you need to build resilience, enhance self-awareness, and develop effective coping strategies.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I provide compassionate and effective therapy to help clients meet their goals. I specialized in working with moms, in all stages of motherhood struggling with anxiety and depression. As a millennial mom of 3, I get how challenging it can be; I am committed to providing you with the tools you need to build resilience, enhance self-awareness, and develop effective coping strategies.
(775) 618-0823 View (775) 618-0823
Photo of Angie Pulido-Banner, Psychologist in Reno, NV
Angie Pulido-Banner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89503  (Online Only)
Let’s be honest. You’re not happy with your life. You feel alone, like an outcast, and not welcomed by others. Despite your efforts, nothing has been able to change and you’re not sure why. It hurts. You’re tired of feeling rejected and waiting for the good stuff of life to happen for you. Maybe you’re a parent of a teen or young adult with ADHD or autism. You see them struggle in school, friendships, & the transition to adulthood. You’re concerned they may be too isolated, spending time in their room on their devices. Sometimes things get heated and they struggle with strong emotions. You want to help them, but you’re not sure how
Let’s be honest. You’re not happy with your life. You feel alone, like an outcast, and not welcomed by others. Despite your efforts, nothing has been able to change and you’re not sure why. It hurts. You’re tired of feeling rejected and waiting for the good stuff of life to happen for you. Maybe you’re a parent of a teen or young adult with ADHD or autism. You see them struggle in school, friendships, & the transition to adulthood. You’re concerned they may be too isolated, spending time in their room on their devices. Sometimes things get heated and they struggle with strong emotions. You want to help them, but you’re not sure how
(775) 234-0353 View (775) 234-0353
Photo of Josh Kaplan - OCD, Anxiety & Depression Specialist, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Josh Kaplan - OCD, Anxiety & Depression Specialist
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89501
Hi, and thanks for viewing my profile. My name is Josh Kaplan, I’m a compassionate and experienced therapist with a mission to help individuals overcome Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Depression. With over a decade of experience specializing in these areas, I have developed a deep understanding of these conditions and their profound impact on one's life. Whether you are dealing with the recurrent cycle of OCD, endless thoughts of anxiety, or the deep sadness of depression, I'm here to guide you through your recovery journey.
Hi, and thanks for viewing my profile. My name is Josh Kaplan, I’m a compassionate and experienced therapist with a mission to help individuals overcome Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Depression. With over a decade of experience specializing in these areas, I have developed a deep understanding of these conditions and their profound impact on one's life. Whether you are dealing with the recurrent cycle of OCD, endless thoughts of anxiety, or the deep sadness of depression, I'm here to guide you through your recovery journey.
(775) 210-8329 View (775) 210-8329
Photo of Attachment Trauma Therapist Lisa Stoll, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Attachment Trauma Therapist Lisa Stoll
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509
Do you struggle opening up and connecting with the people who matter most? Do you (or your partner) often shut down in conflict or struggle to communicate your needs? Do you feel stuck about where you are in your relationship, but don’t know what to do? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I want you to know that you are capable of having a fulfilling and connected relationship. Hello, my name is Lisa and I am an attachment and trauma therapist. I help individuals heal from chaotic and neglected childhoods to find love and become securely attached.
Do you struggle opening up and connecting with the people who matter most? Do you (or your partner) often shut down in conflict or struggle to communicate your needs? Do you feel stuck about where you are in your relationship, but don’t know what to do? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I want you to know that you are capable of having a fulfilling and connected relationship. Hello, my name is Lisa and I am an attachment and trauma therapist. I help individuals heal from chaotic and neglected childhoods to find love and become securely attached.
(775) 899-7963 View (775) 899-7963
Photo of Georgina Fontein, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Georgina Fontein
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89502
I strive to connect and understand each person. I am very open-minded, and offer a supportive environment to help people explore their needs. I help people develop insight, promote growth, reflection, and change. I offer specialized strategies, exercises, and information to help with issues. Feel free to call and start your healing journey.
I strive to connect and understand each person. I am very open-minded, and offer a supportive environment to help people explore their needs. I help people develop insight, promote growth, reflection, and change. I offer specialized strategies, exercises, and information to help with issues. Feel free to call and start your healing journey.
(775) 571-9933 View (775) 571-9933
Photo of Abbie Smith, Pre-Licensed Professional in Reno, NV
Abbie Smith
Pre-Licensed Professional, CSWI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89503
I have experience working with different types of trauma, anxiety/depression, grief, and self esteem. I have knowledge working with Veterans and first responders who are having trouble adjusting to new environments or traumatic work related crises. Trauma comes in many forms and can make your life feel permanently on hold, but there is hope. I have additional knowledge and training in medical injuries/diagnoses such as, Traumatic Brain Injuries, as well as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS).
I have experience working with different types of trauma, anxiety/depression, grief, and self esteem. I have knowledge working with Veterans and first responders who are having trouble adjusting to new environments or traumatic work related crises. Trauma comes in many forms and can make your life feel permanently on hold, but there is hope. I have additional knowledge and training in medical injuries/diagnoses such as, Traumatic Brain Injuries, as well as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS).
(775) 372-3125 View (775) 372-3125
Photo of Cathey Hamman in Reno, NV
Cathey Hamman
APRN
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509  (Online Only)
***IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY*** Behavioral Health Solutions is accepting new patients for medication consultation, suboxone treatment and other psychiatry needs. Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or other concerns that keep you from progressing in life? Here at Behavioral Health Solutions, our team of licensed therapists and psychiatrists are experienced and caring. We would love to help you understand how to address your concerns. We provide a safe environment that allows you to discuss your problems without feeling shame or judgement. Your help is just an email or phone call away!
***IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY*** Behavioral Health Solutions is accepting new patients for medication consultation, suboxone treatment and other psychiatry needs. Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or other concerns that keep you from progressing in life? Here at Behavioral Health Solutions, our team of licensed therapists and psychiatrists are experienced and caring. We would love to help you understand how to address your concerns. We provide a safe environment that allows you to discuss your problems without feeling shame or judgement. Your help is just an email or phone call away!
(775) 312-9857 View (775) 312-9857
Photo of Mark Brehm, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Mark Brehm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89521
Life can often present us with stressful situations and challenges that can shape who we are and can leave us feeling stuck. Asking for help is not always easy, but there are ways forward. I am passionate about helping others find ways to live a more authentic life and work through the obstacles that hold them back at times. I have worked in number different settings working in schools, hospitals, community healthcare and clinics and feel confident that I can provide quality life-changing care to those that I work with.
Life can often present us with stressful situations and challenges that can shape who we are and can leave us feeling stuck. Asking for help is not always easy, but there are ways forward. I am passionate about helping others find ways to live a more authentic life and work through the obstacles that hold them back at times. I have worked in number different settings working in schools, hospitals, community healthcare and clinics and feel confident that I can provide quality life-changing care to those that I work with.
(775) 405-6873 View (775) 405-6873
Photo of Kaitlind Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Reno, NV
Kaitlind Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509
It can feel very overwhelming to start the healing journey. From finding a therapist who we connect with to understanding what we need and want, it can all seem very intimidating at first. However, these are things that we can discover and work through together.
It can feel very overwhelming to start the healing journey. From finding a therapist who we connect with to understanding what we need and want, it can all seem very intimidating at first. However, these are things that we can discover and work through together.
(775) 402-2675 View (775) 402-2675
Photo of Julie Hsu, Marriage & Family Therapist in Reno, NV
Julie Hsu
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89511
Waitlist for new clients
It is my goal to create an environment of acceptance, trust and understanding in which my clients feel safe, supported and heard. I use an integrative, client-centered approach and believe in tailoring my counseling approach and interventions to best fit my client’s needs and unique personality. I have experience working with teens, adults and couples from diverse backgrounds on issues of anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions and self-identity. Being from Germany originally and having lived in three countries, I also enjoy working with clients with multicultural backgrounds on issues around cultural identity.
It is my goal to create an environment of acceptance, trust and understanding in which my clients feel safe, supported and heard. I use an integrative, client-centered approach and believe in tailoring my counseling approach and interventions to best fit my client’s needs and unique personality. I have experience working with teens, adults and couples from diverse backgrounds on issues of anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions and self-identity. Being from Germany originally and having lived in three countries, I also enjoy working with clients with multicultural backgrounds on issues around cultural identity.
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Photo of Drew Carr, Psychologist in Reno, NV
Drew Carr
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509
Distracted. Lonely. Confused. Sound familiar? Are you your worst enemy? Has indecision or a "dumb" choice messed up your career, school or personal growth? Do you agonize over decisions? Or are plagued by critical thoughts? You may ask, "Why is this so difficult?" But, you want help. But, you want more than being asked, "How does that make you feel?" You want someone who gets you, gives honest feedback, and offers tools to take ownership of your life. So, let's have a conversation to start moving your life forward.
Distracted. Lonely. Confused. Sound familiar? Are you your worst enemy? Has indecision or a "dumb" choice messed up your career, school or personal growth? Do you agonize over decisions? Or are plagued by critical thoughts? You may ask, "Why is this so difficult?" But, you want help. But, you want more than being asked, "How does that make you feel?" You want someone who gets you, gives honest feedback, and offers tools to take ownership of your life. So, let's have a conversation to start moving your life forward.
(323) 973-2985 View (323) 973-2985

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Reno, NV

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Reno, NV who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
75% Trauma and PTSD
75% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
62% BlueCross and BlueShield
62% Hometown Health

How Therapists in Reno, NV see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Reno?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.