Therapists in Indianapolis, IN

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Photo of Renee Heldman, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Renee Heldman
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46240
My ideal client would be someone who is geared towards helping themselves and needing guidance on how to do so. Someone who has a grasp on the importance of the client putting in the work to truly help heal themselves but needing assistance ensuring they are doing things in a healthy and emotionally intelligent fashion. Talk therapy is very important for clients who even just want to come and vent, which I believe helps the mind unclutter.
My ideal client would be someone who is geared towards helping themselves and needing guidance on how to do so. Someone who has a grasp on the importance of the client putting in the work to truly help heal themselves but needing assistance ensuring they are doing things in a healthy and emotionally intelligent fashion. Talk therapy is very important for clients who even just want to come and vent, which I believe helps the mind unclutter.
(317) 386-7481 View (317) 386-7481
Photo of Annette Kreider, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Annette Kreider
Counselor, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46240
In 1993, I received my Bachelor of Applied Science degree in Human Development and Family Studies from Purdue University. I graduated in 1997 with my Master of Social Work degree from Indiana University - Purdue University at Indianapolis. I have provided both inpatient and outpatient mental health services to children, adolescents, and adults in a variety of settings including hospitals, community mental health centers, youth residential treatment facilities, group homes, and private practice. My areas of specialization include family issues, parenting/co-parenting, divorce/custody, reunification, relationships and anxiety.
In 1993, I received my Bachelor of Applied Science degree in Human Development and Family Studies from Purdue University. I graduated in 1997 with my Master of Social Work degree from Indiana University - Purdue University at Indianapolis. I have provided both inpatient and outpatient mental health services to children, adolescents, and adults in a variety of settings including hospitals, community mental health centers, youth residential treatment facilities, group homes, and private practice. My areas of specialization include family issues, parenting/co-parenting, divorce/custody, reunification, relationships and anxiety.
(317) 649-8627 View (317) 649-8627
Photo of Brittany Sperka, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Brittany Sperka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46240
I appreciate someone with an open heart and a willingness to explore their inner self. I value individuals who are ready to engage and connect in meaningful conversations. I know it can be hard to take the first step for help, and look for someone who is committed to their own growth and willing to collaborate in their goals. Trust, honesty, and a desire to change create a supportive connecting environment where healing and transformation can take place.
I appreciate someone with an open heart and a willingness to explore their inner self. I value individuals who are ready to engage and connect in meaningful conversations. I know it can be hard to take the first step for help, and look for someone who is committed to their own growth and willing to collaborate in their goals. Trust, honesty, and a desire to change create a supportive connecting environment where healing and transformation can take place.
(317) 934-7986 View (317) 934-7986
Photo of Tami Krichiver, Psychologist in Indianapolis, IN
Tami Krichiver
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Winnicott wrote, "Feeling real is more than existing; it is finding a way to exist as oneself." It is my hope that through the process of therapy, you'll come to know and develop yourself in ways that are life affirming. I am a clinical psychologist, providing psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and groups. My approach is collaborative, and together we'll uncover new perspectives for understanding and managing difficulties that hold you back. We'll look for patterns from your past that inform your current circumstances, and nurture the character strengths that help you live more fully.
Winnicott wrote, "Feeling real is more than existing; it is finding a way to exist as oneself." It is my hope that through the process of therapy, you'll come to know and develop yourself in ways that are life affirming. I am a clinical psychologist, providing psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and groups. My approach is collaborative, and together we'll uncover new perspectives for understanding and managing difficulties that hold you back. We'll look for patterns from your past that inform your current circumstances, and nurture the character strengths that help you live more fully.
(317) 567-9561 View (317) 567-9561
Photo of Cameron Halberstadt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Cameron Halberstadt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Not accepting new clients
Change can be scary, no matter your age. I am a firm believer in that therapy can be a way to help navigate the small, large, and completely unexpected changes that come your way. I am a practicing LSW with 3 years post-graduate experience. I enjoy working with all ages, but specialize in working with teens and adults. I center my practice on mindfulness, motivational interviewing, ERP fundamentals, and most importantly what will best help you in transforming into your best form.
Change can be scary, no matter your age. I am a firm believer in that therapy can be a way to help navigate the small, large, and completely unexpected changes that come your way. I am a practicing LSW with 3 years post-graduate experience. I enjoy working with all ages, but specialize in working with teens and adults. I center my practice on mindfulness, motivational interviewing, ERP fundamentals, and most importantly what will best help you in transforming into your best form.
(317) 653-6625 View (317) 653-6625
Photo of Emma Chiriac, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Emma Chiriac
Counselor, LMHC, coach
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220  (Online Only)
I support people who want to explore social isolation and confusion due to current social issues, body image and gender, relational wounding, disconnect, life transitions, aging, stress and trauma. I am also here for adult immigrants to the US to guide them through the challenging transitions they encounter and to explore their sociocultural identities within the present context of their life and their culture of origin. I also work with people who experience symptoms medically otherwise unexplained (brain fog, fatigue) that build on our unique neurophysiological patterns of reaction to stress.
I support people who want to explore social isolation and confusion due to current social issues, body image and gender, relational wounding, disconnect, life transitions, aging, stress and trauma. I am also here for adult immigrants to the US to guide them through the challenging transitions they encounter and to explore their sociocultural identities within the present context of their life and their culture of origin. I also work with people who experience symptoms medically otherwise unexplained (brain fog, fatigue) that build on our unique neurophysiological patterns of reaction to stress.
(833) 398-1657 View (833) 398-1657
Photo of Duane W Moore, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Duane W Moore
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Are you looking for help with child/parenting concerns, relationship issues, and/or unhealthy patterns, including addictions? You don’t have to face these things alone! My experience and skills are helping children, families, adults and couples to work toward building healthy connections and relationships. My background includes training and practice in child-centered play therapy, early childhood mental health development at Riley Hospital, as well as marriage and family therapy. In addition to my private practice, I have worked extensively with incarcerated youth and women.
Are you looking for help with child/parenting concerns, relationship issues, and/or unhealthy patterns, including addictions? You don’t have to face these things alone! My experience and skills are helping children, families, adults and couples to work toward building healthy connections and relationships. My background includes training and practice in child-centered play therapy, early childhood mental health development at Riley Hospital, as well as marriage and family therapy. In addition to my private practice, I have worked extensively with incarcerated youth and women.
(317) 659-8394 View (317) 659-8394
Photo of Branda-Lee Maurushes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Branda-Lee Maurushes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46204  (Online Only)
The stress of life is inevitable, it is how we manage it that makes all the difference in the world. Living in a time of uncertainty, it can cause feelings of helplessness and sadness. I am here to support you along your journey towards peace and happiness. I serve the adult population between the ages of 18 and 75 who may be experiencing issues related to the following: anger management, anxiety, low self-esteem/poor body image, depression, addiction, grief, unresolved childhood experiences, and relationship or marital conflicts. I also enjoy working with individuals who simply feel stuck and want to achieve greater fulfillment.
The stress of life is inevitable, it is how we manage it that makes all the difference in the world. Living in a time of uncertainty, it can cause feelings of helplessness and sadness. I am here to support you along your journey towards peace and happiness. I serve the adult population between the ages of 18 and 75 who may be experiencing issues related to the following: anger management, anxiety, low self-esteem/poor body image, depression, addiction, grief, unresolved childhood experiences, and relationship or marital conflicts. I also enjoy working with individuals who simply feel stuck and want to achieve greater fulfillment.
(317) 204-8404 View (317) 204-8404
Photo of Felicia C Bates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Felicia C Bates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46234  (Online Only)
I am licensed in Indiana, Maine, and New Jersey with 23 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with family conflicts, trauma and abuse, coping with grief and loss, & motivation, self-esteem, & confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, & compassion. I will tailor our dialog & treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage & I am proud of you for getting started!
I am licensed in Indiana, Maine, and New Jersey with 23 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with family conflicts, trauma and abuse, coping with grief and loss, & motivation, self-esteem, & confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, & compassion. I will tailor our dialog & treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage & I am proud of you for getting started!
(317) 932-7183 View (317) 932-7183
Photo of Mary Braden, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Mary Braden
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46204  (Online Only)
Hi there, my name is Mary! Are you struggling to find balance, set boundaries, and overcome past trauma?
Hi there, my name is Mary! Are you struggling to find balance, set boundaries, and overcome past trauma?
(317) 576-2796 View (317) 576-2796
Photo of Travis Nelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Travis Nelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist with over ten years of experience working with teens, couples, and families. I have been working in Indianapolis for over 7 years and am familiar with the city and its resources. I have worked extensively with individual adults on issues of depression, anxiety, life transition, family conflict, and trauma. As a step-father, I have a particular interest in working with blended families.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist with over ten years of experience working with teens, couples, and families. I have been working in Indianapolis for over 7 years and am familiar with the city and its resources. I have worked extensively with individual adults on issues of depression, anxiety, life transition, family conflict, and trauma. As a step-father, I have a particular interest in working with blended families.
(317) 751-5451 View (317) 751-5451
Photo of James D Sanders, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
James D Sanders
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RBC, SFBT
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46236  (Online Only)
Congratulations for seeking therapy! I am taking referrals and can do so quickly. Many people feel reluctant to seek therapy because of the assumption that you should be able to deal with all problems yourself. Most people experience improvement in mood and anxiety problems as they work with a therapist. I believe I am easy to talk to and listen carefully. I also have over 40 years of experience and have developed skills in a variety of problem areas. If you see me and we establish a plan, you will be in the driver's seat as far as how much you need and how long you need it. AND YES - I offer weekend and evening appointments.
Congratulations for seeking therapy! I am taking referrals and can do so quickly. Many people feel reluctant to seek therapy because of the assumption that you should be able to deal with all problems yourself. Most people experience improvement in mood and anxiety problems as they work with a therapist. I believe I am easy to talk to and listen carefully. I also have over 40 years of experience and have developed skills in a variety of problem areas. If you see me and we establish a plan, you will be in the driver's seat as far as how much you need and how long you need it. AND YES - I offer weekend and evening appointments.
(463) 263-4318 View (463) 263-4318
Photo of Julie Quigley, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Julie Quigley
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, LPCC-S, ACS, LPSC
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46240
I have already counseled my ideal client. I worked with a client who came to me in her most significant time of need. She was ready to put in work and wanted to develop. She was diagnosed with Bipolar I and had several suicide attempts. She could externalize her mania and use fitness and wellness to push through her episodes. She is happy and healthy and uses her experiences to help others. My services involve psychotherapy using techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and motivational interviewing (MI), with a trauma-informed framework.
I have already counseled my ideal client. I worked with a client who came to me in her most significant time of need. She was ready to put in work and wanted to develop. She was diagnosed with Bipolar I and had several suicide attempts. She could externalize her mania and use fitness and wellness to push through her episodes. She is happy and healthy and uses her experiences to help others. My services involve psychotherapy using techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and motivational interviewing (MI), with a trauma-informed framework.
(463) 244-5546 View (463) 244-5546
Photo of Katy Shapiro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Katy Shapiro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46260
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes life can be hard AND you CAN STILL find contentment and even joy despite life's pain. Whether your suffering comes from old injuries or current life challenges, you CAN experience healing. It takes courage to do the self-exploration needed to clean out the wounds, and this is essential to keeping the wounds from causing more suffering. Our internal pain often impacts our relationships with loved ones, our ability to bring our best to our work or hobbies, or to just live a satisfying life. Therapy is a path to recovery from emotional wounds and to guide you on the journey of self-healing.
Sometimes life can be hard AND you CAN STILL find contentment and even joy despite life's pain. Whether your suffering comes from old injuries or current life challenges, you CAN experience healing. It takes courage to do the self-exploration needed to clean out the wounds, and this is essential to keeping the wounds from causing more suffering. Our internal pain often impacts our relationships with loved ones, our ability to bring our best to our work or hobbies, or to just live a satisfying life. Therapy is a path to recovery from emotional wounds and to guide you on the journey of self-healing.
(317) 204-8410 View (317) 204-8410
Photo of Kamryn VanWanzeele, Pre-Licensed Professional in Indianapolis, IN
Kamryn VanWanzeele
Pre-Licensed Professional, LACA
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46260
Hello! My name is Kamryn VanWanzeele (van-won-zul) and I am a Therapist and IOP Coordinator at The NewDay Center in Indy. I am a Mental Health & Addictions Counselor with a specialization in Christian Integration and EMDR certified. Areas I specialize in are Anxiety, Adjustment Issues, Phase of Life Issues, Social Anxiety, Identity Issues, Trauma (physical, verbal, sexual, emotional, religious, etc), Addictions (alcohol, substances, pornography, etc). These are only a handful of the areas I specialize in. If you did not see your unique need above, I would value hearing what you are looking for in therapy so I can meet your needs.
Hello! My name is Kamryn VanWanzeele (van-won-zul) and I am a Therapist and IOP Coordinator at The NewDay Center in Indy. I am a Mental Health & Addictions Counselor with a specialization in Christian Integration and EMDR certified. Areas I specialize in are Anxiety, Adjustment Issues, Phase of Life Issues, Social Anxiety, Identity Issues, Trauma (physical, verbal, sexual, emotional, religious, etc), Addictions (alcohol, substances, pornography, etc). These are only a handful of the areas I specialize in. If you did not see your unique need above, I would value hearing what you are looking for in therapy so I can meet your needs.
(317) 933-1842 View (317) 933-1842
Photo of Bethany Chatelain, Pre-Licensed Professional in Indianapolis, IN
Bethany Chatelain
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46217
As a former high school teacher, I have been working with adolescents for a number of years. I enjoy working with adolescents and young adults as they deal with life transitions. I value building rapport and strong relationships with clients. I work to build this rapport through meeting clients where they are, listening non-judgementally, and developing goals together. Whether you are dealing with depression, anxiety, or just life being life, I am here to help.
As a former high school teacher, I have been working with adolescents for a number of years. I enjoy working with adolescents and young adults as they deal with life transitions. I value building rapport and strong relationships with clients. I work to build this rapport through meeting clients where they are, listening non-judgementally, and developing goals together. Whether you are dealing with depression, anxiety, or just life being life, I am here to help.
(463) 270-7674 View (463) 270-7674
Photo of Stephanie Wolfe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Stephanie Wolfe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46216  (Online Only)
Managing our emotions can be difficult on a good day, much less when life throws stressful events our way. We often feel overwhelmed, and we may not know in which direction to move. We also may put other’s needs ahead of our own, forgetting that our needs are just as important! That is where I come in. I will help you discover your strengths, determine your goals, and find what works to best help you take care of you.
Managing our emotions can be difficult on a good day, much less when life throws stressful events our way. We often feel overwhelmed, and we may not know in which direction to move. We also may put other’s needs ahead of our own, forgetting that our needs are just as important! That is where I come in. I will help you discover your strengths, determine your goals, and find what works to best help you take care of you.
(463) 223-8905 View (463) 223-8905
Photo of Linked Therapy , Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Linked Therapy
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46219  (Online Only)
Are you navigating emotional challenges like depression, anxiety, or grief? Or perhaps seeking clarity during life transitions or personal growth? Our clients desire understanding, effective coping strategies, and empathetic support. They aim to achieve emotional balance, resilience, and self-awareness and seek professional assistance to overcome obstacles and foster personal development.
Are you navigating emotional challenges like depression, anxiety, or grief? Or perhaps seeking clarity during life transitions or personal growth? Our clients desire understanding, effective coping strategies, and empathetic support. They aim to achieve emotional balance, resilience, and self-awareness and seek professional assistance to overcome obstacles and foster personal development.
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Photo of Mallory Carr, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Mallory Carr
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46260
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with adolescents, college students, and young adults. I have been working with clients for over 10 years to address stress, anxiety, family challenges, and more. My goal is to provide a trusting, authentic, and collaborative relationship, where my clients feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and feelings in a nonjudgmental environment. I enjoy using humor in sessions as a way of connecting with my clients and coping with the tough stuff. I currently have a short waitlist, with openings coming in June for new clients.
I specialize in working with adolescents, college students, and young adults. I have been working with clients for over 10 years to address stress, anxiety, family challenges, and more. My goal is to provide a trusting, authentic, and collaborative relationship, where my clients feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and feelings in a nonjudgmental environment. I enjoy using humor in sessions as a way of connecting with my clients and coping with the tough stuff. I currently have a short waitlist, with openings coming in June for new clients.
(317) 286-4080 View (317) 286-4080
Photo of Logan Everett, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Logan Everett
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46256
Trained as a marriage and couples therapist working specifically with couples using the Gottman Method and other evidence-based models. I help couples build connection and intimacy and equip couples with communication and conflict management skills, help couples create shared meaning, and connect positively and emotionally. I help couples work through betrayal and infidelity issues. I work with men with pornography and sexual addiction and help rebuild broken trust in relationships. I am currently competing certification with the Gottman Method. I also have a health coach and personal training certification useful in holistic health
Trained as a marriage and couples therapist working specifically with couples using the Gottman Method and other evidence-based models. I help couples build connection and intimacy and equip couples with communication and conflict management skills, help couples create shared meaning, and connect positively and emotionally. I help couples work through betrayal and infidelity issues. I work with men with pornography and sexual addiction and help rebuild broken trust in relationships. I am currently competing certification with the Gottman Method. I also have a health coach and personal training certification useful in holistic health
(317) 527-4547 x102 View (317) 527-4547 x102

See more therapy options for Indianapolis

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Indianapolis, IN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Indianapolis, IN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
66% Relationship Issues
65% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Anthem | Elevance
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Indianapolis, IN see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Indianapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.