Therapists in Oakland, CA

View neighborhoods in Oakland
Photo of Freddie Barahona, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Freddie Barahona
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Hello. Bienvenidos. If you find yourself in a difficult place in life and need extra support then you have come to the right place. I specialize in helping individuals seeking to heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions. I have training in numerous modalities of therapy and I am committed to finding the one that works for you. Yo me especializo en tratar ansiedad, depresion, trauma, y problemas de relaciones. Incorporo muchas tecnicas distintas muy efectivas para que ud. pueda volver a retomar las riendas en su vida.
Hello. Bienvenidos. If you find yourself in a difficult place in life and need extra support then you have come to the right place. I specialize in helping individuals seeking to heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions. I have training in numerous modalities of therapy and I am committed to finding the one that works for you. Yo me especializo en tratar ansiedad, depresion, trauma, y problemas de relaciones. Incorporo muchas tecnicas distintas muy efectivas para que ud. pueda volver a retomar las riendas en su vida.
(510) 945-3412 View (510) 945-3412
Photo of Gina Delucca, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Gina Delucca
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
Clients who typically feel drawn to work with me tend to prefer a more action-oriented and present-focused approach to therapy. While developing self-understanding in therapy can be very powerful by itself, I like to try to empower my clients to use their insight to create concrete change in their lives. I also like working with clients who are interested in setting goals, willing to experiment with new behaviors and thinking patterns, and motivated to do homework between sessions. My specialty areas include anxiety, perfectionism, impostor syndrome, low self-esteem, disordered eating, stress, and work-life balance.
Clients who typically feel drawn to work with me tend to prefer a more action-oriented and present-focused approach to therapy. While developing self-understanding in therapy can be very powerful by itself, I like to try to empower my clients to use their insight to create concrete change in their lives. I also like working with clients who are interested in setting goals, willing to experiment with new behaviors and thinking patterns, and motivated to do homework between sessions. My specialty areas include anxiety, perfectionism, impostor syndrome, low self-esteem, disordered eating, stress, and work-life balance.
(510) 726-9991 View (510) 726-9991
Photo of Ben Safa Lintschinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ben Safa Lintschinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
We all have the innate tendency to heal in the presence of a skillful and trusted other. Emotional pain can be intense and overwhelming. At times, it can feel like our relationships are filled with little else. We might try to push it aside or distract ourselves only to find it still there, just as frightening. But there are paths through the hurt to feeling well and connected.
We all have the innate tendency to heal in the presence of a skillful and trusted other. Emotional pain can be intense and overwhelming. At times, it can feel like our relationships are filled with little else. We might try to push it aside or distract ourselves only to find it still there, just as frightening. But there are paths through the hurt to feeling well and connected.
(415) 766-2789 View (415) 766-2789
Photo of Belinda Garcia Uriarte de Roehl, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Belinda Garcia Uriarte de Roehl
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Working in non profits and government services for 20 plus years both in San Francisco and Alameda County, has taught me the art of appreciating people for who they are, keeping an open mind and helping them see their own strength within. I am very excited to be in private practice. Working with couples , parents, and individuals. I am very curious and passionate about non traditional coupling, open relationships, polyamory, issues of infidelity and the sexual needs of couples and individuals. I believe that we can heal intuitively and I look forward to meeting people willing to share that journey with me.
Working in non profits and government services for 20 plus years both in San Francisco and Alameda County, has taught me the art of appreciating people for who they are, keeping an open mind and helping them see their own strength within. I am very excited to be in private practice. Working with couples , parents, and individuals. I am very curious and passionate about non traditional coupling, open relationships, polyamory, issues of infidelity and the sexual needs of couples and individuals. I believe that we can heal intuitively and I look forward to meeting people willing to share that journey with me.
(510) 216-1720 View (510) 216-1720
Photo of Sarah West Carson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sarah West Carson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94607
I work with adults and teens looking to make changes in their lives. I believe in the resiliency of people, and it continues to be my pleasure to support individuals, couples, families and communities in enhancing their sense of personal power. I have extensive experience providing psychotherapy to individuals, couples and families. My practice is open to people of all nationalities, genders, and orientations (sexual, religious, political) and I enjoy working with anyone who desires to change and grow.
I work with adults and teens looking to make changes in their lives. I believe in the resiliency of people, and it continues to be my pleasure to support individuals, couples, families and communities in enhancing their sense of personal power. I have extensive experience providing psychotherapy to individuals, couples and families. My practice is open to people of all nationalities, genders, and orientations (sexual, religious, political) and I enjoy working with anyone who desires to change and grow.
(415) 324-6247 View (415) 324-6247
Photo of Lai Chien, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lai Chien
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Collaborative, respectful, direct, and compassionate psychotherapy. My hopes are to widen the breadth of communication in the Asian Community by reducing the stigma towards mental health and help to dispel the concepts of the model minority and empower clients to nurture their own growth and resilience towards balanced homeostasis. Currently accepting children, couples, and families.
Collaborative, respectful, direct, and compassionate psychotherapy. My hopes are to widen the breadth of communication in the Asian Community by reducing the stigma towards mental health and help to dispel the concepts of the model minority and empower clients to nurture their own growth and resilience towards balanced homeostasis. Currently accepting children, couples, and families.
(510) 256-7863 View (510) 256-7863
Photo of Heidi Xue, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Heidi Xue
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APPC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Do you have trouble with anxiety, depression, and relationship/family issues due to trauma? Past experiences can create imprints onto your brain that activate your fight/flight responses whenever your emotions feel dysregulated, but life without the constant feeling of being on edge is possible. Those traumatic memories don’t have to permanently influence who you are meant to be. Through therapy, you will gain control of your feelings/thoughts and your response to everyday life hurdles. Healing from trauma can create healthier beliefs about yourself and your relationships along with sustainable changes.
Do you have trouble with anxiety, depression, and relationship/family issues due to trauma? Past experiences can create imprints onto your brain that activate your fight/flight responses whenever your emotions feel dysregulated, but life without the constant feeling of being on edge is possible. Those traumatic memories don’t have to permanently influence who you are meant to be. Through therapy, you will gain control of your feelings/thoughts and your response to everyday life hurdles. Healing from trauma can create healthier beliefs about yourself and your relationships along with sustainable changes.
(415) 949-3882 View (415) 949-3882
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology---Oakland location, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Silver Lake Psychology---Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 712-1543 View (415) 712-1543
Photo of Renee Beck, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Renee Beck, MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
As a practicioner on a creative, spiritual, or healing arts path, you face a unique set of challenges, and your work can bring up unconscious issues that you might have never noticed otherwise. Sometimes working with someone to heal on a deeper level can be useful. Together, we can work to help you access your inner clarity and wisdom, feather out the personal, interpersonal, social, creative and spiritual facets of your experience, and bring them together in new and healing ways. You don't have to do this alone! Call me to see how I can help.
As a practicioner on a creative, spiritual, or healing arts path, you face a unique set of challenges, and your work can bring up unconscious issues that you might have never noticed otherwise. Sometimes working with someone to heal on a deeper level can be useful. Together, we can work to help you access your inner clarity and wisdom, feather out the personal, interpersonal, social, creative and spiritual facets of your experience, and bring them together in new and healing ways. You don't have to do this alone! Call me to see how I can help.
(510) 768-7292 View (510) 768-7292
Photo of Gregory LH Gayle, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Gregory LH Gayle
Psychologist, PsyD, MEd
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
We all want to be understood, accepted and loved; this can only happen through honest communication. Making the decision to seek help for you or your family can be part of that communication. I provide a safe space to explore, discuss and process important issues that affect the lives of you and your family members. I have an eclectic approach to providing psychotherapy. As one size does not fit all, therapy cannot be approached in the same way for everyone. It must be tailored to the specific needs, issues and problems that each person uniquely presents.
We all want to be understood, accepted and loved; this can only happen through honest communication. Making the decision to seek help for you or your family can be part of that communication. I provide a safe space to explore, discuss and process important issues that affect the lives of you and your family members. I have an eclectic approach to providing psychotherapy. As one size does not fit all, therapy cannot be approached in the same way for everyone. It must be tailored to the specific needs, issues and problems that each person uniquely presents.
(510) 985-4085 View (510) 985-4085
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 862-1694 View (415) 862-1694
Photo of Ari Daphne Vinion, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Ari Daphne Vinion
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94608  (Online Only)
I want to support my clients in feeling whole. This can mean learning how to safely unmask your Autism or ADHD, healing traumas old & new, setting healthy boundaries, strengthening communication with partners, learning new ways to approach challenges without shame, or bringing compassion to chronically ill bodyminds. I specialize in working with neurodivergant people and couples. My young clients enjoy my playful interventions that help them feel confident and proud of being uniquely themselves. My adult clients are relived to tackle challenges without shame and ableism.
I want to support my clients in feeling whole. This can mean learning how to safely unmask your Autism or ADHD, healing traumas old & new, setting healthy boundaries, strengthening communication with partners, learning new ways to approach challenges without shame, or bringing compassion to chronically ill bodyminds. I specialize in working with neurodivergant people and couples. My young clients enjoy my playful interventions that help them feel confident and proud of being uniquely themselves. My adult clients are relived to tackle challenges without shame and ableism.
(510) 916-2134 View (510) 916-2134
Photo of Nicole Arkin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Nicole Arkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
It isn't difficult to feel scared, vulnerable and not good enough in our complex world, let alone if you have a history of being abused or neglected. Therapy can help you slowly make sense of the past so that you can encounter the present moment with more awareness and vigor. I am psychotherapist with an abiding love of the arts and often work with sensitive and creative individuals, many of whom have histories of abuse/neglect and are struggling to make sense of their past and present lives in order to find a greater sense of freedom/comfort within their own skins.
It isn't difficult to feel scared, vulnerable and not good enough in our complex world, let alone if you have a history of being abused or neglected. Therapy can help you slowly make sense of the past so that you can encounter the present moment with more awareness and vigor. I am psychotherapist with an abiding love of the arts and often work with sensitive and creative individuals, many of whom have histories of abuse/neglect and are struggling to make sense of their past and present lives in order to find a greater sense of freedom/comfort within their own skins.
(510) 878-4958 View (510) 878-4958
Photo of Alyson Erika Marlow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Alyson Erika Marlow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Therapy is a process of inner healing and deep commitment to cultivating growth within yourself. In what ways do you need to be supported in order to grow into something more authentically you? I hold the following words as intentions and as anchors for grounding each therapy session for all my clients. Healing. Freedom. Love. Life can be beautiful again when you are brave enough to do the work within. I work with all ages including children, youth and adults.
Therapy is a process of inner healing and deep commitment to cultivating growth within yourself. In what ways do you need to be supported in order to grow into something more authentically you? I hold the following words as intentions and as anchors for grounding each therapy session for all my clients. Healing. Freedom. Love. Life can be beautiful again when you are brave enough to do the work within. I work with all ages including children, youth and adults.
(415) 949-1589 View (415) 949-1589
Photo of Cecille Basila, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cecille Basila
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My specialties include Spiritual Psychology and working with Women of Color. I intend to empower you with tools for healing, change, and personal fulfillment. I provide a holistic approach that combines ancient traditions with evidence-based practices. I believe everyone has the wisdom within themselves to know what is needed for healing and transformation. Courageously accepting an invitation to explore your unique path in this human experience can expand your view of seeing all the different ways you can show up for life.
My specialties include Spiritual Psychology and working with Women of Color. I intend to empower you with tools for healing, change, and personal fulfillment. I provide a holistic approach that combines ancient traditions with evidence-based practices. I believe everyone has the wisdom within themselves to know what is needed for healing and transformation. Courageously accepting an invitation to explore your unique path in this human experience can expand your view of seeing all the different ways you can show up for life.
(510) 871-8206 View (510) 871-8206
Photo of Walker Wellness Therapy & Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Walker Wellness Therapy & Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
A guiding theme for my work is meeting individuals where they are in life in order to understand the dynamics of their current situation or circumstance. Many of the people that I work with have been involved in the child welfare and or court systems, have experienced tragedy, trauma and experiencing grief, anxiety, or struggling with life stressors. I strive to support clients as they develop creative solutions and tools to improve their quality of life. I use a strengths-based and solution focused approach in working with clients, to identify their strengths, who they are and strategies they can use to be their best self.
A guiding theme for my work is meeting individuals where they are in life in order to understand the dynamics of their current situation or circumstance. Many of the people that I work with have been involved in the child welfare and or court systems, have experienced tragedy, trauma and experiencing grief, anxiety, or struggling with life stressors. I strive to support clients as they develop creative solutions and tools to improve their quality of life. I use a strengths-based and solution focused approach in working with clients, to identify their strengths, who they are and strategies they can use to be their best self.
(510) 513-8867 View (510) 513-8867
Photo of Justin Leonti, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Justin Leonti
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
You’re fumbling, feeling clunky, ashamed, lost in transition, and searching for answers. You’ve been told you’re too much, too scattered, and too picky, when in reality, you may very well know what you want and it seems others just can’t meet you there. Together we will explore and unfold acceptance and awareness around ALL of your parts, especially the most intense ones. What you’re searching for is out there, let’s take these next steps on your journey
You’re fumbling, feeling clunky, ashamed, lost in transition, and searching for answers. You’ve been told you’re too much, too scattered, and too picky, when in reality, you may very well know what you want and it seems others just can’t meet you there. Together we will explore and unfold acceptance and awareness around ALL of your parts, especially the most intense ones. What you’re searching for is out there, let’s take these next steps on your journey
(510) 689-1814 View (510) 689-1814
Photo of Eleanor Broh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Eleanor Broh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
(510) 945-1464 View (510) 945-1464
Photo of Matthew R. Hicks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Matthew R. Hicks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my aim is to introduce clarity, authenticity, and self-motivation. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I’ve been successfully treating adults, families, and youth for over 20 years facilitating their self-growth. I teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. I have also focused on extensive training in anxiety/depression, play therapy, parenting, treating past and recent trauma, OCD, addiction, and working with family systems.
If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my aim is to introduce clarity, authenticity, and self-motivation. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I’ve been successfully treating adults, families, and youth for over 20 years facilitating their self-growth. I teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. I have also focused on extensive training in anxiety/depression, play therapy, parenting, treating past and recent trauma, OCD, addiction, and working with family systems.
(510) 683-5273 View (510) 683-5273
Photo of Kacey Truong, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oakland, CA
Kacey Truong
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Do you struggle with anxiety and depression due to your childhood trauma? Are you having problems with your partner or family members due to life transition issues? Are you experiencing increased stress, fears, and doubts around the future? I believe that we all have the capacity to heal our emotional wounds and create meaningful changes. My goal as a therapist is to offer you a safe place in which you can process insights, concerns, and emotions associated with trauma.
Do you struggle with anxiety and depression due to your childhood trauma? Are you having problems with your partner or family members due to life transition issues? Are you experiencing increased stress, fears, and doubts around the future? I believe that we all have the capacity to heal our emotional wounds and create meaningful changes. My goal as a therapist is to offer you a safe place in which you can process insights, concerns, and emotions associated with trauma.
(415) 236-4893 View (415) 236-4893

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.