Therapists in Missoula, MT

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Photo of Brenna Rae Love, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Brenna Rae Love
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59802
Are you struggling with an inner critic that won't go away? Do you feel anxious and on edge all the time with little explanation? Do you often feel numb and hopeless? I am here to help! I specialize in helping people recover and move beyond the effects of trauma. The all-over-the-place emotional rollercoaster that comes with experiencing trauma does not have to be a part of your life forever. You can have a happy and peaceful life and find your personal power in a gentle and kind way.
Are you struggling with an inner critic that won't go away? Do you feel anxious and on edge all the time with little explanation? Do you often feel numb and hopeless? I am here to help! I specialize in helping people recover and move beyond the effects of trauma. The all-over-the-place emotional rollercoaster that comes with experiencing trauma does not have to be a part of your life forever. You can have a happy and peaceful life and find your personal power in a gentle and kind way.
(406) 203-3318 View (406) 203-3318
Photo of Kate Armstrong, Counselor in Missoula, MT
Kate Armstrong
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59802
Seeking help can be a difficult decision. It is my hope that coming to a safe and nonjudgmental place to start making changes in your life will be rewarding, insightful and motivating. I believe that we all have the capacity to make meaningful changes in our lives, but that sometimes knowing where to start can be a challenge. I strive to create a warm, supportive environment to explore what you want your life to look like and what is keeping you from living the life you imagine for yourself. I take a collaborative approach, meaning that sessions will be tailored around your strengths. (Email contact preferred for intial scheduling!)
Seeking help can be a difficult decision. It is my hope that coming to a safe and nonjudgmental place to start making changes in your life will be rewarding, insightful and motivating. I believe that we all have the capacity to make meaningful changes in our lives, but that sometimes knowing where to start can be a challenge. I strive to create a warm, supportive environment to explore what you want your life to look like and what is keeping you from living the life you imagine for yourself. I take a collaborative approach, meaning that sessions will be tailored around your strengths. (Email contact preferred for intial scheduling!)
(406) 306-1652 View (406) 306-1652
Photo of Krystle Kreider, Counselor in Missoula, MT
Krystle Kreider
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59808
I'm focused on helping children, teens, and adults find their strengths and utilize them to make the healthy lasting changes they are looking for. I specialize in treating a range of problems: Anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, mood disorders, developmental problems, behavioral issues, ADHD, as well as working with families and children with autism. I understand that each person is different and needs to find an approach suited just for them to be able to heal and grow. I use humanistic, CBT, play therapy, DIR Floortime, and solution focused approaches and tailor them to fit your needs as a client.
I'm focused on helping children, teens, and adults find their strengths and utilize them to make the healthy lasting changes they are looking for. I specialize in treating a range of problems: Anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, mood disorders, developmental problems, behavioral issues, ADHD, as well as working with families and children with autism. I understand that each person is different and needs to find an approach suited just for them to be able to heal and grow. I use humanistic, CBT, play therapy, DIR Floortime, and solution focused approaches and tailor them to fit your needs as a client.
(406) 612-4111 View (406) 612-4111
Photo of Brenden Green, Counselor in Missoula, MT
Brenden Green
Counselor, MA, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59801
People who work with me tend to go beyond just feeling better after improving whatever initially brings them to therapy, such as: stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, attachment & relationships, thoughts, emotions etc. Overcoming that stuff is really just the beginning of the process of becoming your potential. If you desire freedom and a deepened connection to your Self & others, I can guide you to unlocking the chains you didn't even know were holding you back. You can be in the drivers seat again, not your thoughts, fears, or symptoms.
People who work with me tend to go beyond just feeling better after improving whatever initially brings them to therapy, such as: stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, attachment & relationships, thoughts, emotions etc. Overcoming that stuff is really just the beginning of the process of becoming your potential. If you desire freedom and a deepened connection to your Self & others, I can guide you to unlocking the chains you didn't even know were holding you back. You can be in the drivers seat again, not your thoughts, fears, or symptoms.
(406) 351-7087 View (406) 351-7087
Photo of Maureen Eloise Cordial, Marriage & Family Therapist in Missoula, MT
Maureen Eloise Cordial
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LCPC
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
Discover how therapy can enlighten your outlook on life and aid in the discovery of your best self. It is my goal is to create a safe and open environment for couples, individuals, families, and athletes to explore and conquer the many challenges life often brings. Some of the common issues I work with clients on include relationship challenges, trauma, couples and marital counseling, performance enhancement for athletes, life transitions (e.g. marriage, new baby, retirement, empty nest), self-empowerment, and increasing confidence. You do not need to walk this journey alone.
Discover how therapy can enlighten your outlook on life and aid in the discovery of your best self. It is my goal is to create a safe and open environment for couples, individuals, families, and athletes to explore and conquer the many challenges life often brings. Some of the common issues I work with clients on include relationship challenges, trauma, couples and marital counseling, performance enhancement for athletes, life transitions (e.g. marriage, new baby, retirement, empty nest), self-empowerment, and increasing confidence. You do not need to walk this journey alone.
(406) 299-9129 View (406) 299-9129
Photo of Emilie Burke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Emilie Burke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59803
Not accepting new clients
Since 2010, my intention in working with my clients has been to hold a safe and confidential space that supports self-exploration and awareness, connection, curiosity, and personal growth. I understand that seeking out and accepting help can be uncomfortable and that it takes bravery to be vulnerable, and vice versa. I focus on building secure and trusting therapeutic alliances with the people I get to work with to create a personalized approach to their unique needs and goals. I believe that we are each the experts in our own lives and that the catalyst of change and healing comes from our relationship with ourselves and others.
Since 2010, my intention in working with my clients has been to hold a safe and confidential space that supports self-exploration and awareness, connection, curiosity, and personal growth. I understand that seeking out and accepting help can be uncomfortable and that it takes bravery to be vulnerable, and vice versa. I focus on building secure and trusting therapeutic alliances with the people I get to work with to create a personalized approach to their unique needs and goals. I believe that we are each the experts in our own lives and that the catalyst of change and healing comes from our relationship with ourselves and others.
(406) 215-4897 View (406) 215-4897
Photo of Matthew Austin Britton, Pre-Licensed Professional in Missoula, MT
Matthew Austin Britton
Pre-Licensed Professional, MDiv
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59801
My clients come to me from all stages of life. They might be facing relational challenges, life transitions, sexual addictions, or burnout. Depression, anxiety, or trauma all may push a client toward seeking help. I also work with those in high-stress occupations, including athletes, medical professionals, and clergy. My clients seek relief, restoration, and wellness. My goal is to aid you in becoming the best version of yourself that you can be.
My clients come to me from all stages of life. They might be facing relational challenges, life transitions, sexual addictions, or burnout. Depression, anxiety, or trauma all may push a client toward seeking help. I also work with those in high-stress occupations, including athletes, medical professionals, and clergy. My clients seek relief, restoration, and wellness. My goal is to aid you in becoming the best version of yourself that you can be.
(406) 743-3597 View (406) 743-3597
Melanie Rauch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
I have a passion for giving people a sense of hope and helping them realize their full potential. For the last 18 years I have worked with individuals, children, adolescents and families from a diverse range of backgrounds dealing with a variety of challenges including trauma, domestic violence, severe emotional disturbances and neglect. In my work, I utilize Motivational Interviewing and Solution Focused Therapy to help clients become active early in their therapeutic process. I also use Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to treat post-traumatic stress and related emotional and behavioral problems.
I have a passion for giving people a sense of hope and helping them realize their full potential. For the last 18 years I have worked with individuals, children, adolescents and families from a diverse range of backgrounds dealing with a variety of challenges including trauma, domestic violence, severe emotional disturbances and neglect. In my work, I utilize Motivational Interviewing and Solution Focused Therapy to help clients become active early in their therapeutic process. I also use Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to treat post-traumatic stress and related emotional and behavioral problems.
(406) 219-0345 View (406) 219-0345
Photo of Katie M. McCall, Psychologist in Missoula, MT
Katie M. McCall
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
Part of being human means that most of us will inevitably struggle at some point in our lives. It is common to seek support and guidance to help navigate through difficult times. Finding a therapist who feels like "the right fit" can be challenging, as it is important to find someone you trust and who is knowledgeable about what has prompted you to seek help. My treatment approach is grounded in compassionately understanding client's unique life history and experiences. I highly value authenticity and flexibility; and my goal is to build a collaborative relationship so that we can tailor therapy to address your needs.
Part of being human means that most of us will inevitably struggle at some point in our lives. It is common to seek support and guidance to help navigate through difficult times. Finding a therapist who feels like "the right fit" can be challenging, as it is important to find someone you trust and who is knowledgeable about what has prompted you to seek help. My treatment approach is grounded in compassionately understanding client's unique life history and experiences. I highly value authenticity and flexibility; and my goal is to build a collaborative relationship so that we can tailor therapy to address your needs.
(360) 703-9278 View (360) 703-9278
Photo of Amber R Gladney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Amber R Gladney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
Hello friends! I’m an LGBTQIA2S+ affirmative therapist committed to helping adults seek self-love and meaningful, joyful lives-even amidst uncertainty and injustice. You deserve a fulfilling life and I would love to help you on your journey. Please contact me to schedule your free initial consult today.
Hello friends! I’m an LGBTQIA2S+ affirmative therapist committed to helping adults seek self-love and meaningful, joyful lives-even amidst uncertainty and injustice. You deserve a fulfilling life and I would love to help you on your journey. Please contact me to schedule your free initial consult today.
(406) 709-3238 View (406) 709-3238
Photo of Thomas Hodgetts, LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Thomas Hodgetts, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CMHPP
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59802
I was a career/volunteer EMT and volunteer Firefighter for 15 years; as such I am particularly interested in working with individuals who are members of our Emergency Services Communities. I have an experience based understanding of the unique issues facing our Fire, Law Enforcement, EMS and other Emergency Service providers.
I was a career/volunteer EMT and volunteer Firefighter for 15 years; as such I am particularly interested in working with individuals who are members of our Emergency Services Communities. I have an experience based understanding of the unique issues facing our Fire, Law Enforcement, EMS and other Emergency Service providers.
(406) 203-1247 View (406) 203-1247
Photo of Jamie Scoular, Psychologist in Missoula, MT
Jamie Scoular
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59802
Waitlist for new clients
My person-centered approach allows me to connect easily with others. In addition to my technical skills, I work hard to provide a safe, supportive, and positive environment. In this, I will take the time to get to know you, explore your unique perspective, and discover what it is you are wanting to address in therapy. Furthermore, research shows that a good fit between the therapist and the client is the best predictor of positive change. With this in mind, I will meet you wherever you are without judgement and provide the best environment for you to reach your goals.
My person-centered approach allows me to connect easily with others. In addition to my technical skills, I work hard to provide a safe, supportive, and positive environment. In this, I will take the time to get to know you, explore your unique perspective, and discover what it is you are wanting to address in therapy. Furthermore, research shows that a good fit between the therapist and the client is the best predictor of positive change. With this in mind, I will meet you wherever you are without judgement and provide the best environment for you to reach your goals.
(406) 926-0621 View (406) 926-0621
Photo of Donna J Ryngala PhD, Psychologist in Missoula, MT
Donna J Ryngala PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
Not accepting new clients
There are many barriers that prevent us from moving forward in life and therapy can help to overcome them. Over the last 15+ years, I have worked with individuals with a variety of struggles. I find that there is a strong connection between the expression of emotions and how healthy our relationships are. With a firm grasp of the research behind effective treatments, I balance compassion with strategies for creating lasting change. We will work collaboratively to create a plan for your individual needs. Therapy will focuses on actions, thoughts and feelings and when we may need to accept or change them.
There are many barriers that prevent us from moving forward in life and therapy can help to overcome them. Over the last 15+ years, I have worked with individuals with a variety of struggles. I find that there is a strong connection between the expression of emotions and how healthy our relationships are. With a firm grasp of the research behind effective treatments, I balance compassion with strategies for creating lasting change. We will work collaboratively to create a plan for your individual needs. Therapy will focuses on actions, thoughts and feelings and when we may need to accept or change them.
(406) 296-5071 View (406) 296-5071
Photo of Yolanda Mah, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Yolanda Mah
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LAC, CDMDTP
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
I believe that we all have the power to change our lives for the better even if our pasts or present aren’t so great. I like to help others explore where they are at in life, identify their options, and discover their own unique strengths … those who want to find their true self and need someone to listen – and give them a boost – because somewhere along the way they lost their oomph and ability to shine.
I believe that we all have the power to change our lives for the better even if our pasts or present aren’t so great. I like to help others explore where they are at in life, identify their options, and discover their own unique strengths … those who want to find their true self and need someone to listen – and give them a boost – because somewhere along the way they lost their oomph and ability to shine.
(406) 530-6428 View (406) 530-6428
Photo of Karen G Strange, Marriage & Family Therapist in Missoula, MT
Karen G Strange
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, CSAT, CPTT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
As a Certified Sex Therapist, Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, and co-founder of the Center for Sexual and Relational Health, I specialize in helping individuals and couples struggling with sexual/porn addiction, compulsive sexual behaviors, infidelity, and the associated trauma from those behaviors. Because sexual/porn addiction impacts the entire family system, I am also a Certified Partner Trauma Therapist as I help partners navigate the emotional impact created by the problematic behaviors of their loved ones. I journey alongside my clients to help them create a new narrative for themselves so they can move forward.
As a Certified Sex Therapist, Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, and co-founder of the Center for Sexual and Relational Health, I specialize in helping individuals and couples struggling with sexual/porn addiction, compulsive sexual behaviors, infidelity, and the associated trauma from those behaviors. Because sexual/porn addiction impacts the entire family system, I am also a Certified Partner Trauma Therapist as I help partners navigate the emotional impact created by the problematic behaviors of their loved ones. I journey alongside my clients to help them create a new narrative for themselves so they can move forward.
(864) 662-6427 View (864) 662-6427
Photo of Raurie Birch, Psychologist in Missoula, MT
Raurie Birch
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
I am a psychologist deeply committed to helping individuals overcome barriers and achieve greater well-being. My approach blends compassion with research-backed strategies to create lasting change. Together, we'll craft a personalized plan that addresses your unique thoughts, feelings, and goals for action. My therapeutic orientation is characterized by a deep respect for the multi-dimensional nature of one's inner world and unique life experiences. If you're ready to embark on this meaningful journey within a safe space, please feel free to reach out.
I am a psychologist deeply committed to helping individuals overcome barriers and achieve greater well-being. My approach blends compassion with research-backed strategies to create lasting change. Together, we'll craft a personalized plan that addresses your unique thoughts, feelings, and goals for action. My therapeutic orientation is characterized by a deep respect for the multi-dimensional nature of one's inner world and unique life experiences. If you're ready to embark on this meaningful journey within a safe space, please feel free to reach out.
(406) 470-7295 View (406) 470-7295
Photo of Bridger Peaks Counseling - Missoula, Counselor in Missoula, MT
Bridger Peaks Counseling - Missoula
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
Bridger Peaks Counseling is a multidisciplinary therapy practice Missoula, the Bitterroot Valley, and Bozeman dedicated to helping transform individual wellbeing and community mental health. We support individuals and families of all ages through online and in-person therapy with a collaborative, compassionate, and evidence-based approach. We believe in a connected, compassionate world in which everyone has the resources and support to heal from trauma and lead happier, healthier lives. We are allies and advocates for all identities, backgrounds, and mental health needs.
Bridger Peaks Counseling is a multidisciplinary therapy practice Missoula, the Bitterroot Valley, and Bozeman dedicated to helping transform individual wellbeing and community mental health. We support individuals and families of all ages through online and in-person therapy with a collaborative, compassionate, and evidence-based approach. We believe in a connected, compassionate world in which everyone has the resources and support to heal from trauma and lead happier, healthier lives. We are allies and advocates for all identities, backgrounds, and mental health needs.
(406) 209-8711 View (406) 209-8711
Photo of Jesse King, Marriage & Family Therapist in Missoula, MT
Jesse King
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59803
My clinical focus is helping people adjust to life transitions, recover from trauma, overcome emotional distress, and learn new behaviors to cope. I am a Veteran, and have provided counseling services to military members and their families for 20 years. My education is based on an understanding of neuroscience and the human systems it supports such as language, attachment, cognition, and behavior. I am considerate of culture, identity, and intersectionality. I utilize Systemic, Cognitive, Behavioral, Attachment, Family Systems, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, and Solution-Focused interventions to reach client goals.
My clinical focus is helping people adjust to life transitions, recover from trauma, overcome emotional distress, and learn new behaviors to cope. I am a Veteran, and have provided counseling services to military members and their families for 20 years. My education is based on an understanding of neuroscience and the human systems it supports such as language, attachment, cognition, and behavior. I am considerate of culture, identity, and intersectionality. I utilize Systemic, Cognitive, Behavioral, Attachment, Family Systems, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, and Solution-Focused interventions to reach client goals.
(406) 272-8757 View (406) 272-8757
Photo of Linda Yearous, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Linda Yearous
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59801
Past experiences can often leave a person feeling mentally, emotionally, and physically dysregulated. I help clients increase awareness of how their present mind-body experience can be rooted in the past. I work collaboratively to honor the wisdom of this past experience, while moving toward a more embodied way of living in the present moment.
Past experiences can often leave a person feeling mentally, emotionally, and physically dysregulated. I help clients increase awareness of how their present mind-body experience can be rooted in the past. I work collaboratively to honor the wisdom of this past experience, while moving toward a more embodied way of living in the present moment.
(406) 510-3058 View (406) 510-3058
Photo of Nikki Pastian, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Missoula, MT
Nikki Pastian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, BA
Verified Verified
Missoula, MT 59801
I am driven to work with individuals to reach their goals. I am passionate in finding a path to reach a goal, be it the easy or hard route, I am along for the ride. I have extensive history in working with families and children, who have faced an array of challenges, such as divorces, transitions to college, guardianship changes, and behavioral issues. I also have worked closely with LGBTQ+ teens and adults, creating groups to increase social connections, fighting for rights in school and political realms, and exploring sense of identity.
I am driven to work with individuals to reach their goals. I am passionate in finding a path to reach a goal, be it the easy or hard route, I am along for the ride. I have extensive history in working with families and children, who have faced an array of challenges, such as divorces, transitions to college, guardianship changes, and behavioral issues. I also have worked closely with LGBTQ+ teens and adults, creating groups to increase social connections, fighting for rights in school and political realms, and exploring sense of identity.
(406) 637-7986 View (406) 637-7986

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Missoula, MT

400+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Missoula, MT who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
79% Trauma and PTSD
75% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
84% PacificSource
83% Allegiance

How Therapists in Missoula, MT see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Missoula?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.