Therapists in Columbus, OH

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Photo of KJS Counseling & Consultation , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
KJS Counseling & Consultation
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43235
Welcome, I hope this finds you well. Therapy is a journey I join my clients in & I look forward to working with you to reach whatever goals you have for yourself. I approach therapy from a collaborative, strengths based perspective. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD which includes complex trauma, traumatic loss, single incident trauma, and dissociative disorders in adults. I also treat depression, anxiety, social anxiety, complicated grief and the unavoidable issues that arise from living life.
Welcome, I hope this finds you well. Therapy is a journey I join my clients in & I look forward to working with you to reach whatever goals you have for yourself. I approach therapy from a collaborative, strengths based perspective. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD which includes complex trauma, traumatic loss, single incident trauma, and dissociative disorders in adults. I also treat depression, anxiety, social anxiety, complicated grief and the unavoidable issues that arise from living life.
(740) 498-2436 View (740) 498-2436
Photo of Linda S Karlovec, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Linda S Karlovec
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43221
For many clients, achieving their goals means increasing their capacity for acceptance of themselves and others, empathy and understanding of others, and being able to manage and share their emotions. I believe that a positive outcome of a successful counseling relationship is much more than the absence of symptoms or illness. Rather, it's the sustained ability to enthusiastically engage in all aspects of life: relationships, marriage and family, work, friends, and community.
For many clients, achieving their goals means increasing their capacity for acceptance of themselves and others, empathy and understanding of others, and being able to manage and share their emotions. I believe that a positive outcome of a successful counseling relationship is much more than the absence of symptoms or illness. Rather, it's the sustained ability to enthusiastically engage in all aspects of life: relationships, marriage and family, work, friends, and community.
(614) 389-9117 View (614) 389-9117
Photo of Abigail Brewster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Abigail Brewster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43240
I have provided clinical counseling, advocacy, and case management services, with a specialization in trauma. I also have experience working with individuals and families, providing parenting strategies and support, as well as exploring healthy relationship skills. I utilize Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (for children and adolescents), and EMDR. I focus on the existing strengths of my clients and encourage the use of those strengths to work toward identified goals. Empathy, compassion, integrity, and service drive my interactions with clients.
I have provided clinical counseling, advocacy, and case management services, with a specialization in trauma. I also have experience working with individuals and families, providing parenting strategies and support, as well as exploring healthy relationship skills. I utilize Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (for children and adolescents), and EMDR. I focus on the existing strengths of my clients and encourage the use of those strengths to work toward identified goals. Empathy, compassion, integrity, and service drive my interactions with clients.
(380) 201-9097 View (380) 201-9097
Photo of Charity McGuire, Marriage & Family Therapist in Columbus, OH
Charity McGuire
Marriage & Family Therapist, MACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
Currently accepting new clients in 100% virtual sessions. I take a holistic and somatic approach to working with clients that is interwoven with Somatic Experiencing, Attachment Theory, and mindfulness based practices. This format allows the many layers of your experience to unfold organically, and creates space for any emotions that may arise within session. I enjoy working with clients who are interested in exploring current patterns, processing traumatic experiences, and integrating new ways of being.
Currently accepting new clients in 100% virtual sessions. I take a holistic and somatic approach to working with clients that is interwoven with Somatic Experiencing, Attachment Theory, and mindfulness based practices. This format allows the many layers of your experience to unfold organically, and creates space for any emotions that may arise within session. I enjoy working with clients who are interested in exploring current patterns, processing traumatic experiences, and integrating new ways of being.
(380) 212-3298 View (380) 212-3298
Photo of Steph Wells, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Steph Wells
Counselor, MS, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43213
Stephanie Wells MS, LPCC-S is a 1995 graduate of the University of Dayton Counselor Education program, with over 27 years of experience as a case manager, therapist, supervisor, business owner, trained in EMDR, Gottman Method, Perinatal Mental Health. She works with 12-90, is married, & has a 16 year old daughter. Enjoys traveling, home rehab & crocheting.
Stephanie Wells MS, LPCC-S is a 1995 graduate of the University of Dayton Counselor Education program, with over 27 years of experience as a case manager, therapist, supervisor, business owner, trained in EMDR, Gottman Method, Perinatal Mental Health. She works with 12-90, is married, & has a 16 year old daughter. Enjoys traveling, home rehab & crocheting.
(614) 482-2304 View (614) 482-2304
Photo of Marla Borstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Marla Borstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43235  (Online Only)
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, and/or eating issues, I would love to help you! I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in Ohio with 20 years of experience in the field of mental health. For many of those years, I worked in a community mental health setting and developed an expertise in helping people with anxiety and depression. I also have a health coaching background and have spent the last several years helping women with various eating and weight issues, such as emotional eating and overeating.
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, and/or eating issues, I would love to help you! I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in Ohio with 20 years of experience in the field of mental health. For many of those years, I worked in a community mental health setting and developed an expertise in helping people with anxiety and depression. I also have a health coaching background and have spent the last several years helping women with various eating and weight issues, such as emotional eating and overeating.
(614) 714-1089 View (614) 714-1089
Photo of Alex Banta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Alex Banta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43240
I am passionate about working alongside people on their journeys to becoming versions of themselves they want and choose to be.I work with clients to identify strengths they already possess, but might not even notice, and then apply those strengths and abilities to work towards their goals and desired changes. I believe a supportive, nonjudgmental space is key to unlocking potential. I use evidence-based interventions from a strengths-based perspective to ensure best outcomes for clients. I believe everyone deserves the space, energy and time to become the person they want to be.I have experience working with adolescents and adults.
I am passionate about working alongside people on their journeys to becoming versions of themselves they want and choose to be.I work with clients to identify strengths they already possess, but might not even notice, and then apply those strengths and abilities to work towards their goals and desired changes. I believe a supportive, nonjudgmental space is key to unlocking potential. I use evidence-based interventions from a strengths-based perspective to ensure best outcomes for clients. I believe everyone deserves the space, energy and time to become the person they want to be.I have experience working with adolescents and adults.
(380) 201-9523 View (380) 201-9523
Photo of Cal Timbrook, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Cal Timbrook
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43220
Whether this is your first time seeking treatment for eating and body image concerns, or a return to therapy, I am here to walk with you on your journey to recovery. I have walked beside individuals at various points of eating disorder recovery from outpatient to partial hospitalization, and I bring that understanding and compassion with me to EBHA. I also work with individuals who struggle with depression and anxiety or struggling with stressors in life. A key component to my approach is identifying unhelpful beliefs and behavioral patterns that are no longer useful or meeting your needs.
Whether this is your first time seeking treatment for eating and body image concerns, or a return to therapy, I am here to walk with you on your journey to recovery. I have walked beside individuals at various points of eating disorder recovery from outpatient to partial hospitalization, and I bring that understanding and compassion with me to EBHA. I also work with individuals who struggle with depression and anxiety or struggling with stressors in life. A key component to my approach is identifying unhelpful beliefs and behavioral patterns that are no longer useful or meeting your needs.
(614) 881-4651 View (614) 881-4651
Photo of Suzanne C. Saul, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Suzanne C. Saul
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
I am a licensed psychologist who has been in private practice for more than three decades. I believe in carefully listening and then being interactive. I share ideas and possible things to do to challenge old behaviors and erroneous beliefs about oneself. I am a big believer in when one has a bigger picture of one’s self and their back story then real change can occur.
I am a licensed psychologist who has been in private practice for more than three decades. I believe in carefully listening and then being interactive. I share ideas and possible things to do to challenge old behaviors and erroneous beliefs about oneself. I am a big believer in when one has a bigger picture of one’s self and their back story then real change can occur.
(614) 626-5110 View (614) 626-5110
Photo of Amy E Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Amy E Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215  (Online Only)
Life is full of good times, hard times, curveballs, and changes. Even when things seem to be going well, it can be difficult to enjoy it when the stress and pressure we place on ourselves tells us that we aren't measuring up. Therapy can be a great way to better understand ourselves and learn new ways to cope with those changes and feelings. Whether you are looking to learn new skills and strategies, process past experiences, or just find a safe place to vent and talk through the thoughts that are weighing on you, I'm here to walk with you on that journey.
Life is full of good times, hard times, curveballs, and changes. Even when things seem to be going well, it can be difficult to enjoy it when the stress and pressure we place on ourselves tells us that we aren't measuring up. Therapy can be a great way to better understand ourselves and learn new ways to cope with those changes and feelings. Whether you are looking to learn new skills and strategies, process past experiences, or just find a safe place to vent and talk through the thoughts that are weighing on you, I'm here to walk with you on that journey.
(614) 762-9767 View (614) 762-9767
Photo of Balanced Behavioral Health Solutions, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Balanced Behavioral Health Solutions, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43209  (Online Only)
Currently accepting new clients. Balanced Behavioral Health Solutions offers individual, couples, and family counseling. We are a team of licensed and experienced therapists who are passionate about helping you overcome your challenges and achieve your goals. Whether you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, or any other mental health concern, we are here to support you and provide you with effective and personalized care. ​
Currently accepting new clients. Balanced Behavioral Health Solutions offers individual, couples, and family counseling. We are a team of licensed and experienced therapists who are passionate about helping you overcome your challenges and achieve your goals. Whether you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, or any other mental health concern, we are here to support you and provide you with effective and personalized care. ​
(614) 437-6527 View (614) 437-6527
Photo of Violet Vanilla Valley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Violet Vanilla Valley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43222  (Online Only)
My clients are typically between the ages of 16 and 60. They are typically, but not exclusively, queer, trans, polyamorous, neurodivergent, or exploring identities. Clients come to me to receive coaching from someone who shares one or more of my identities. freespiritcounselingllc.com/violet-vanilla-valley-msw-lsw-she-they/
My clients are typically between the ages of 16 and 60. They are typically, but not exclusively, queer, trans, polyamorous, neurodivergent, or exploring identities. Clients come to me to receive coaching from someone who shares one or more of my identities. freespiritcounselingllc.com/violet-vanilla-valley-msw-lsw-she-they/
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Photo of Arin Wade, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbus, OH
Arin Wade
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212  (Online Only)
As we progress into the second year of being limited in traveling, gathering and socializing, we are finding ourselves less able to avoid our triggers, struggles, self image and overcome messages of being misunderstood and alone. For some, these last two years have caused more strain than strength within your relationship with children, family and or your partner. No matter the situation that brings a person to counseling the goal is to find a supportive, strength based, experienced, and compassionate clinician who will also challenge them to see that beyond the immediate storm there are blooming flowers.
As we progress into the second year of being limited in traveling, gathering and socializing, we are finding ourselves less able to avoid our triggers, struggles, self image and overcome messages of being misunderstood and alone. For some, these last two years have caused more strain than strength within your relationship with children, family and or your partner. No matter the situation that brings a person to counseling the goal is to find a supportive, strength based, experienced, and compassionate clinician who will also challenge them to see that beyond the immediate storm there are blooming flowers.
(614) 418-6814 View (614) 418-6814
Photo of Enliven Health and Wellness Comprehensive Care, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Columbus, OH
Enliven Health and Wellness Comprehensive Care
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215
Enliven Health and Wellness Comprehensive Care approaches the health and wellness of our clients holistically, giving equal attention to mental and physical challenges. We believe that true wellness requires coordinated care that is outcomes-focused and provided under one roof. Our team includes a certified physician assistant, licensed professional clinical counselor, dietician and yoga therapist. We strive to be an integral part of your healthcare team and are the right professionals to reach out to when your doctor encourages you to address feelings of anxiety or depression associated with real or imagined physical conditions.
Enliven Health and Wellness Comprehensive Care approaches the health and wellness of our clients holistically, giving equal attention to mental and physical challenges. We believe that true wellness requires coordinated care that is outcomes-focused and provided under one roof. Our team includes a certified physician assistant, licensed professional clinical counselor, dietician and yoga therapist. We strive to be an integral part of your healthcare team and are the right professionals to reach out to when your doctor encourages you to address feelings of anxiety or depression associated with real or imagined physical conditions.
(380) 666-3491 View (380) 666-3491
Photo of Dixie Hu, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Dixie Hu
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43210
If you’re reading this, I congratulate you on your courage and determination to seek help. Authenticity, self-alliance, and curious exploration are the core themes of my therapy. I view well-being holistically from a biopsychosocial-spiritual lens, i.e. your early life upbringing, biology, social relationships, stressful life events, demographics (e.g. culture), conscious and subconscious thought patterns, emotional skills, and society all influence your mental health. In practice, I blend empirically supported treatments with energy / spiritual work and social justice informed by 10 years of training and practice.
If you’re reading this, I congratulate you on your courage and determination to seek help. Authenticity, self-alliance, and curious exploration are the core themes of my therapy. I view well-being holistically from a biopsychosocial-spiritual lens, i.e. your early life upbringing, biology, social relationships, stressful life events, demographics (e.g. culture), conscious and subconscious thought patterns, emotional skills, and society all influence your mental health. In practice, I blend empirically supported treatments with energy / spiritual work and social justice informed by 10 years of training and practice.
(614) 683-3035 View (614) 683-3035
Photo of LaVesea Clardy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbus, OH
LaVesea Clardy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43221
LaVesea is passionate about youth; youth who have difficulties with parents and/or family dynamics, anxiety and depression who look forward and are ready to navigate healing. LaVesea works with BIPOC clients who continue to navigate systemic oppression and are prepared to work through how it has effect relationships with others as well as how they view the world. She is also passionate about working with assisting BIPOC navigate and work through depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, self- harm.
LaVesea is passionate about youth; youth who have difficulties with parents and/or family dynamics, anxiety and depression who look forward and are ready to navigate healing. LaVesea works with BIPOC clients who continue to navigate systemic oppression and are prepared to work through how it has effect relationships with others as well as how they view the world. She is also passionate about working with assisting BIPOC navigate and work through depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, self- harm.
(614) 532-4193 View (614) 532-4193
Photo of The Online Insomnia Center with Dr. Rosenblum, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
The Online Insomnia Center with Dr. Rosenblum
Psychologist, PsyD, DBSM
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
Are you often battling fatigue, tossing and turning at night, or finding yourself waking up before your alarm? Perhaps you're a self-described night owl. Or maybe you're troubled by how your sleep—or lack thereof—is affecting your health, your mood, and your ability to navigate daily life. If any of this resonates with you, then it's time to explore a solution tailored specifically to your needs. Welcome, I'm Dr. Mark Rosenblum, a Sleep Psychologist with over 15 years of experience providing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), the gold standard treatment for persistent insomnia, and the cornerstone of my practice.
Are you often battling fatigue, tossing and turning at night, or finding yourself waking up before your alarm? Perhaps you're a self-described night owl. Or maybe you're troubled by how your sleep—or lack thereof—is affecting your health, your mood, and your ability to navigate daily life. If any of this resonates with you, then it's time to explore a solution tailored specifically to your needs. Welcome, I'm Dr. Mark Rosenblum, a Sleep Psychologist with over 15 years of experience providing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), the gold standard treatment for persistent insomnia, and the cornerstone of my practice.
(614) 963-2640 View (614) 963-2640
Photo of Michelle Murphy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbus, OH
Michelle Murphy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43206
I approach therapy from a holistic perspective that mind, body and spirit all work together for total wellness. Clients that are a good fit typically are looking to better themselves, to find joy in their day-to-day life, or are experiencing a life transition. I strive to help individuals elevate their life experience, and am a personable therapist that cares deeply about each of my clients. I am also a wife, mother, nature enthusiast, dog lover and wellness junkie. Connecting with people and allowing space for others to feel heard & understood is important to me.
I approach therapy from a holistic perspective that mind, body and spirit all work together for total wellness. Clients that are a good fit typically are looking to better themselves, to find joy in their day-to-day life, or are experiencing a life transition. I strive to help individuals elevate their life experience, and am a personable therapist that cares deeply about each of my clients. I am also a wife, mother, nature enthusiast, dog lover and wellness junkie. Connecting with people and allowing space for others to feel heard & understood is important to me.
(614) 482-1839 View (614) 482-1839
Photo of Sarah E Altman, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Sarah E Altman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
Extremes in our emotional and psychological states can lead to imbalance, avoidance and mindlessness, and can be related to extremes in other areas of our health, such as eating, activity, and sleep. Eating too much or not fueling our bodies enough, stress or emotional eating-these are ways we cope with or respond to extremes in our thoughts and emotions, and distracts and disonnects us from our life values and goals. I am here to help you reestablish your values and goals by focusing on a more balanced perspective and awareness of your mind, body and behaviors.
Extremes in our emotional and psychological states can lead to imbalance, avoidance and mindlessness, and can be related to extremes in other areas of our health, such as eating, activity, and sleep. Eating too much or not fueling our bodies enough, stress or emotional eating-these are ways we cope with or respond to extremes in our thoughts and emotions, and distracts and disonnects us from our life values and goals. I am here to help you reestablish your values and goals by focusing on a more balanced perspective and awareness of your mind, body and behaviors.
(614) 350-3540 View (614) 350-3540
Photo of LaTonya Carroll in Columbus, OH
LaTonya Carroll
DNP, PMHNP, FNP, FIAAN
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43219  (Online Only)
I am a multi-certified nurse practitioner with over 11 years of experience. I see patients from ages 18 and up. I specialize in medication management for depression, substance use and anxiety disorders, addiction, weight loss as well as primary care disease. I believe in an integrative approach to medicine, in that, everything can be treated under one roof. Presently, I am seeing patients via telemedicine. That means no traffic or taking off time from your family or work. Stay in the comfort of your home. I want to help you stay safe and feel well. Call me for your complimentary phone consultation.
I am a multi-certified nurse practitioner with over 11 years of experience. I see patients from ages 18 and up. I specialize in medication management for depression, substance use and anxiety disorders, addiction, weight loss as well as primary care disease. I believe in an integrative approach to medicine, in that, everything can be treated under one roof. Presently, I am seeing patients via telemedicine. That means no traffic or taking off time from your family or work. Stay in the comfort of your home. I want to help you stay safe and feel well. Call me for your complimentary phone consultation.
(614) 953-2388 View (614) 953-2388

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbus, OH

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Columbus, OH who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
67% Relationship Issues
64% Coping Skills
63% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbus, OH see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbus?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.