Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Khalida Bradford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Khalida Bradford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
(510) 737-4950 View (510) 737-4950
Photo of Christi Gallon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Christi Gallon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Are you hindered by anxiety, depression, or trauma, preventing you from expressing your authentic self? Do you find yourself trapped in navigating challenging family and relationship situations? Every minor issue now feels incredibly overwhelming, reopening past wounds and creating new ones. Despite attempting to bury the pain, it persists, leaving you feeling isolated and tormented. The constant exhaustion, stress, and anger make you question your resilience. Unsure of where to seek assistance, you don't have to endure this painful journey by yourself. I aim to assist you in achieving a more integrated and balanced sense of self.
Are you hindered by anxiety, depression, or trauma, preventing you from expressing your authentic self? Do you find yourself trapped in navigating challenging family and relationship situations? Every minor issue now feels incredibly overwhelming, reopening past wounds and creating new ones. Despite attempting to bury the pain, it persists, leaving you feeling isolated and tormented. The constant exhaustion, stress, and anger make you question your resilience. Unsure of where to seek assistance, you don't have to endure this painful journey by yourself. I aim to assist you in achieving a more integrated and balanced sense of self.
(415) 993-6015 View (415) 993-6015
Photo of Laura S. Anderson, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Laura S. Anderson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Are you hoping to have more energy? Would you like to be a calmer parent or partner? Are you hoping for stronger or smoother relationships with important people in your life? Do you worry about how your child is doing in school, or how they feel about themselves as a learner? I provide detailed assessments, and individual, group and family therapy to help kids, families and adults build on their strengths. Together we will figure out how to help you, and/or your children, feel better, function better, and live a life with less friction and more fulfillment.
Are you hoping to have more energy? Would you like to be a calmer parent or partner? Are you hoping for stronger or smoother relationships with important people in your life? Do you worry about how your child is doing in school, or how they feel about themselves as a learner? I provide detailed assessments, and individual, group and family therapy to help kids, families and adults build on their strengths. Together we will figure out how to help you, and/or your children, feel better, function better, and live a life with less friction and more fulfillment.
(808) 445-6369 View (808) 445-6369
Photo of Jetaun G Mills, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jetaun G Mills
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
You have lost so much in your life, but your biggest loss has been your sense of self. Early on, you learned that it wasn’t safe to be who you are, or be in your skin or your body. So you run away from yourself and become an overachiever in work and in relationships. This hustling for worthiness has left you feeling abandoned and exhausted. You want to trust. You want to heal. You want to be able to dive deep into the beauty of life and laughter that you know is around you. Without knowing yourself, what your heart sounds and feels like - how will you build satisfying relationships and create a life that truly fills you up?
You have lost so much in your life, but your biggest loss has been your sense of self. Early on, you learned that it wasn’t safe to be who you are, or be in your skin or your body. So you run away from yourself and become an overachiever in work and in relationships. This hustling for worthiness has left you feeling abandoned and exhausted. You want to trust. You want to heal. You want to be able to dive deep into the beauty of life and laughter that you know is around you. Without knowing yourself, what your heart sounds and feels like - how will you build satisfying relationships and create a life that truly fills you up?
(510) 296-6738 View (510) 296-6738
Photo of Kate Ghidinelli, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Kate Ghidinelli
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Therapy offers a profound opportunity for growth and change. I'll be curious about your experience, and we'll pay attention to what feels most important to you as we talk together about your thoughts and feelings. Through this process you'll gain a deeper understanding of yourself. You'll also come to better know your own strengths and resiliency. I am warm, thoughtful, and engaging in my approach and believe that a safe and supportive therapy relationship is essential in easing feelings of discomfort and vulnerability that normally accompany change. Please visit my website for more info about my practice: www.kateghidinellipsyd.com
Therapy offers a profound opportunity for growth and change. I'll be curious about your experience, and we'll pay attention to what feels most important to you as we talk together about your thoughts and feelings. Through this process you'll gain a deeper understanding of yourself. You'll also come to better know your own strengths and resiliency. I am warm, thoughtful, and engaging in my approach and believe that a safe and supportive therapy relationship is essential in easing feelings of discomfort and vulnerability that normally accompany change. Please visit my website for more info about my practice: www.kateghidinellipsyd.com
(628) 227-6065 View (628) 227-6065
Photo of Ryan Buchholz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ryan Buchholz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94603  (Online Only)
Clients I work with tend to have experienced developmental trauma that interferes with their relationships to themselves, partners and family members; have taken on shame, blame, guilt or distorted thinking/gaslighting from their family systems often throughout generations; and therefore likely experience issues around trust, intimacy, vulnerability and self love. I am committed to helping my clients to gain more peace and safety within their personal bodies, their homes, their relations and their family systems so they can experience more choice, empowerment and joy in their lives.
Clients I work with tend to have experienced developmental trauma that interferes with their relationships to themselves, partners and family members; have taken on shame, blame, guilt or distorted thinking/gaslighting from their family systems often throughout generations; and therefore likely experience issues around trust, intimacy, vulnerability and self love. I am committed to helping my clients to gain more peace and safety within their personal bodies, their homes, their relations and their family systems so they can experience more choice, empowerment and joy in their lives.
(510) 592-6576 View (510) 592-6576
Photo of Natalia Rivera, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Natalia Rivera
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
Feeling alone while surrounded by people intensifies the loneliness. No matter how much you try to do everything right, you somehow always feel like you're looking through a piece of glass. Maybe you've kept a few friendships but lost more than you can count without any reason provided. You'd rather be home than go out because socializing is exhausting. You've been diagnosed with anxiety, depression, or more in the past, and while some symptoms have subsided with treatment, it doesn't seem to fully leave you. You've always felt like an outsider even when you try your hardest to fit in.
Feeling alone while surrounded by people intensifies the loneliness. No matter how much you try to do everything right, you somehow always feel like you're looking through a piece of glass. Maybe you've kept a few friendships but lost more than you can count without any reason provided. You'd rather be home than go out because socializing is exhausting. You've been diagnosed with anxiety, depression, or more in the past, and while some symptoms have subsided with treatment, it doesn't seem to fully leave you. You've always felt like an outsider even when you try your hardest to fit in.
(510) 447-1494 View (510) 447-1494
Photo of Belinda Garcia Uriarte de Roehl, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Belinda Garcia Uriarte de Roehl
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Working in non profits and government services for 20 plus years both in San Francisco and Alameda County, has taught me the art of appreciating people for who they are, keeping an open mind and helping them see their own strength within. I am very excited to be in private practice. Working with couples , parents, and individuals. I am very curious and passionate about non traditional coupling, open relationships, polyamory, issues of infidelity and the sexual needs of couples and individuals. I believe that we can heal intuitively and I look forward to meeting people willing to share that journey with me.
Working in non profits and government services for 20 plus years both in San Francisco and Alameda County, has taught me the art of appreciating people for who they are, keeping an open mind and helping them see their own strength within. I am very excited to be in private practice. Working with couples , parents, and individuals. I am very curious and passionate about non traditional coupling, open relationships, polyamory, issues of infidelity and the sexual needs of couples and individuals. I believe that we can heal intuitively and I look forward to meeting people willing to share that journey with me.
(510) 216-1720 View (510) 216-1720
Photo of Anne E Gimbel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Anne E Gimbel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
Life used to be easier! Perhaps you feel stuck in your relationships and you are not getting along with the people you see daily. Issues in life can be overwhelming and full of challenges. I begin by meeting you at your place of growth or healing, and whether trauma, abuse, grieving, recovery or life issues, we work together to overcome them. There is hope. Let me help you reach the goals and connections you deserve. With sensitivity and compassion, we work to determine what might be blocking your full potential and your feelings.
Life used to be easier! Perhaps you feel stuck in your relationships and you are not getting along with the people you see daily. Issues in life can be overwhelming and full of challenges. I begin by meeting you at your place of growth or healing, and whether trauma, abuse, grieving, recovery or life issues, we work together to overcome them. There is hope. Let me help you reach the goals and connections you deserve. With sensitivity and compassion, we work to determine what might be blocking your full potential and your feelings.
(760) 561-5421 View (760) 561-5421
Photo of Tracie Tyler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Tracie Tyler
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My personal vision of health includes harmony, connectivity, and balance. For true healing to take place, the entire self – physical, mental, and spiritual must be considered. Each person has a unique path and purpose, and it is my goal to accompany my clients on their journey of discovery and to offer my support and encouragement along the way.
My personal vision of health includes harmony, connectivity, and balance. For true healing to take place, the entire self – physical, mental, and spiritual must be considered. Each person has a unique path and purpose, and it is my goal to accompany my clients on their journey of discovery and to offer my support and encouragement along the way.
(424) 378-5645 View (424) 378-5645
Photo of Rachel Milner, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Rachel Milner
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I specialize in working with young people and the LGBTQIA community. My professional background in education, clowning, and physical theater deeply informs my work. Using embodied play alongside talk therapy, I find that my clients are able to access expression, relief, and growth. This type of work is useful for kids experiencing anxiety, school and family challenges, and struggling with self esteem. It is also useful for LGBTQIA people to become more deeply in touch with their identities, using a creative lens. I am committed to meeting clients where they are at to develop a space for creative healing.
I specialize in working with young people and the LGBTQIA community. My professional background in education, clowning, and physical theater deeply informs my work. Using embodied play alongside talk therapy, I find that my clients are able to access expression, relief, and growth. This type of work is useful for kids experiencing anxiety, school and family challenges, and struggling with self esteem. It is also useful for LGBTQIA people to become more deeply in touch with their identities, using a creative lens. I am committed to meeting clients where they are at to develop a space for creative healing.
(510) 757-1764 View (510) 757-1764
Photo of Sami Qreini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sami Qreini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601
Are you looking for help, guidance or support as a parent, adolescent, adult, or couple? Do you feel out of tune with your friends or family? Overwhelmed with demands? Or stuck in relational or behavioral patterns? Therapy can open you to new perspectives. As your therapist, I can help you widen your view, find your competence and reconnect with yourself, so you feel up to life’s challenges. I will be a curious and empathic listener and provide a secure, contained space to explore.
Are you looking for help, guidance or support as a parent, adolescent, adult, or couple? Do you feel out of tune with your friends or family? Overwhelmed with demands? Or stuck in relational or behavioral patterns? Therapy can open you to new perspectives. As your therapist, I can help you widen your view, find your competence and reconnect with yourself, so you feel up to life’s challenges. I will be a curious and empathic listener and provide a secure, contained space to explore.
(510) 996-5994 View (510) 996-5994
Photo of Rebecca Silverstein, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Rebecca Silverstein
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601
It's possible to have a fulfilling, meaningful and joyful life. I create a safe space for you to explore how your life experiences shaped your view of yourself and others. As a result of childhood abuse or neglect, intergenerational transmission of trauma and ongoing injustice, we can develop negative beliefs about our worth and what the world will provide for us. These often unconscious thoughts and behaviors helped you survive and even thrive but may not work well now. As humans, we go through many times of growth where we shed what doesn't fit, so we can become even an better version of ourselves.
It's possible to have a fulfilling, meaningful and joyful life. I create a safe space for you to explore how your life experiences shaped your view of yourself and others. As a result of childhood abuse or neglect, intergenerational transmission of trauma and ongoing injustice, we can develop negative beliefs about our worth and what the world will provide for us. These often unconscious thoughts and behaviors helped you survive and even thrive but may not work well now. As humans, we go through many times of growth where we shed what doesn't fit, so we can become even an better version of ourselves.
(415) 403-2734 View (415) 403-2734
Photo of Tj Mocci, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Tj Mocci
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CEDS-S, RDT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Sometimes things happen that get in the way of that, and my goal is to help clients overcome those barriers, challenges, obstacles, losses … whatever it may be so that they may be able to realize their true inner potential. I believe that we all have the inner resources to overcome challenges and that sometimes we just need a little guidance to find and utilize those resources.
Sometimes things happen that get in the way of that, and my goal is to help clients overcome those barriers, challenges, obstacles, losses … whatever it may be so that they may be able to realize their true inner potential. I believe that we all have the inner resources to overcome challenges and that sometimes we just need a little guidance to find and utilize those resources.
(415) 599-8762 View (415) 599-8762
Photo of Delilah Raybee, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Delilah Raybee
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I help individuals, couples, and families experiencing life changes, suffering a loss, or needing relationship support. Whatever your current challenges, working with a somatic therapist can help you get in touch with your body, a rich source of information to support you in achieving greater ease in difficult situations or relationships. Therapy with me is a safe container for holding all that may arise as you journey back to yourself, starting with your body. I believe that when each of us heals ourselves it has ripple effects out to families, communities and ultimately to the world.
I help individuals, couples, and families experiencing life changes, suffering a loss, or needing relationship support. Whatever your current challenges, working with a somatic therapist can help you get in touch with your body, a rich source of information to support you in achieving greater ease in difficult situations or relationships. Therapy with me is a safe container for holding all that may arise as you journey back to yourself, starting with your body. I believe that when each of us heals ourselves it has ripple effects out to families, communities and ultimately to the world.
(415) 358-1597 View (415) 358-1597
Photo of Gabriel Thibaut de Maisieres, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Gabriel Thibaut de Maisieres
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94608
Do you struggles with your relationship? Do you want a more intimate connection? I believe we are driven to grow and we choose our partner to help us grow. Going through conflicts and resolving them is what help us to know ourselves and our loved one better. The last 11 years, in a safe, trusting, and warm environment, I successfully helped couples, as well as individual, to learn from these conflicts and help them to build more harmonious relationship and better life.
Do you struggles with your relationship? Do you want a more intimate connection? I believe we are driven to grow and we choose our partner to help us grow. Going through conflicts and resolving them is what help us to know ourselves and our loved one better. The last 11 years, in a safe, trusting, and warm environment, I successfully helped couples, as well as individual, to learn from these conflicts and help them to build more harmonious relationship and better life.
(415) 689-5958 View (415) 689-5958
Photo of Lizzie Pfeiffer, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Lizzie Pfeiffer
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
I work from a trauma-informed, relational, and client-centered lens. I integrate psychodynamic and attachment based theoretical approaches. I believe the relationship we build as client and therapist, as well as exploring your relationships outside of therapy, are important avenues for growth. You are the expert on your own life; I am here to listen to you and work collaboratively to empower your inherent strength and resilience. I use warmth, compassion, and humor to cultivate an affirming, non-judgemental, and trusting connection with my clients.
I work from a trauma-informed, relational, and client-centered lens. I integrate psychodynamic and attachment based theoretical approaches. I believe the relationship we build as client and therapist, as well as exploring your relationships outside of therapy, are important avenues for growth. You are the expert on your own life; I am here to listen to you and work collaboratively to empower your inherent strength and resilience. I use warmth, compassion, and humor to cultivate an affirming, non-judgemental, and trusting connection with my clients.
(415) 873-9447 View (415) 873-9447
Photo of Eileen Heo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Eileen Heo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I am skilled in treating clients with the following problems: work stress; depression and anxiety; post traumatic stress syndrome; domestic violence, physical, emotional and sexual abuse; issues of acculturation and inter-generational conflict; relationship and women's health; as well as aging, losses and bereavement.
I am skilled in treating clients with the following problems: work stress; depression and anxiety; post traumatic stress syndrome; domestic violence, physical, emotional and sexual abuse; issues of acculturation and inter-generational conflict; relationship and women's health; as well as aging, losses and bereavement.
(510) 860-4216 View (510) 860-4216
Photo of Dr. Skyellen Kulanu, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Dr. Skyellen Kulanu
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
I provide compassionate and collaborative psychotherapy with a focus on adults. I enjoy working with individuals and couples. I am trained in a range of treatment modalities and flexible in the approach I take with clients. Some treatment approaches I draw from are; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and A Psychobiological Approach to Couple Therapy (PACT). I work through a feminist and social justice lens and approach therapy with curiosity and a healthy dose of humor. My goal in providing psychotherapy is to facilitate you in living a meaningful life in alignment with your values.
I provide compassionate and collaborative psychotherapy with a focus on adults. I enjoy working with individuals and couples. I am trained in a range of treatment modalities and flexible in the approach I take with clients. Some treatment approaches I draw from are; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and A Psychobiological Approach to Couple Therapy (PACT). I work through a feminist and social justice lens and approach therapy with curiosity and a healthy dose of humor. My goal in providing psychotherapy is to facilitate you in living a meaningful life in alignment with your values.
(510) 738-2953 View (510) 738-2953
Photo of Nauser Wolfe, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Nauser Wolfe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
The clients I work best with are battling with the effects of relational trauma, which can be especially difficult because most of us don’t even know what relational trauma is. You might think you had a happy childhood, but now as an adult you find yourself struggling in relationships of all kinds. You don’t know how to set boundaries. You feel selfish when you put yourself first. You feel guilty giving people negative feedback The bottom line is on a deep level you feel that it’s wrong to be your true self if it will inconvenience someone else.
The clients I work best with are battling with the effects of relational trauma, which can be especially difficult because most of us don’t even know what relational trauma is. You might think you had a happy childhood, but now as an adult you find yourself struggling in relationships of all kinds. You don’t know how to set boundaries. You feel selfish when you put yourself first. You feel guilty giving people negative feedback The bottom line is on a deep level you feel that it’s wrong to be your true self if it will inconvenience someone else.
(510) 256-7728 View (510) 256-7728

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aetna
49% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.