Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Ryan McDade, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Ryan McDade
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
I believe that we all make sense of our lives based on our experiences and relationships. Often, the stories we tell ourselves (or have been told by others) about our worth, our capabilities, our potential, and/or our lovability, are unhelpful narratives that hold us back in our lives. Identifying these thoughts/belief systems and learning to dismantle them is of primary importance in living a more content and intentional life. My clients return to therapy with me because they see me as skillful ally and compassionate presence that helps them to identify and break down the barriers that keep them from living more fulfilling lives.
I believe that we all make sense of our lives based on our experiences and relationships. Often, the stories we tell ourselves (or have been told by others) about our worth, our capabilities, our potential, and/or our lovability, are unhelpful narratives that hold us back in our lives. Identifying these thoughts/belief systems and learning to dismantle them is of primary importance in living a more content and intentional life. My clients return to therapy with me because they see me as skillful ally and compassionate presence that helps them to identify and break down the barriers that keep them from living more fulfilling lives.
(619) 369-1730 View (619) 369-1730
Photo of Stephanie Orbon, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Stephanie Orbon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92120  (Online Only)
Anxiety and stress can get in the way of living your best life. Taking the step to start therapy may be uncomfortable, but being willing and open to try new things can lead to growth and allow you to live a life that is important to you. It is my priority to provide a safe and nonjudgmental environment where you can begin this process. Working together, we can find ways to overcome difficulties and build meaning in your life. I want to help you find your true self and live the life you want to lead.
Anxiety and stress can get in the way of living your best life. Taking the step to start therapy may be uncomfortable, but being willing and open to try new things can lead to growth and allow you to live a life that is important to you. It is my priority to provide a safe and nonjudgmental environment where you can begin this process. Working together, we can find ways to overcome difficulties and build meaning in your life. I want to help you find your true self and live the life you want to lead.
(619) 775-1824 View (619) 775-1824
Photo of Maren Jorgensen, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Maren Jorgensen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92126  (Online Only)
Receiving therapy should no longer be a taboo. Confiding in others and receiving professional help is something we all do in many facets of our life. Most of us see a doctor or go get our car fixed when we have issues with our physical health or a tire is loose, so why not see a therapist to help improve our mental health? Therapy can also be preventative. Why wait before issues feel too far out of reach?
Receiving therapy should no longer be a taboo. Confiding in others and receiving professional help is something we all do in many facets of our life. Most of us see a doctor or go get our car fixed when we have issues with our physical health or a tire is loose, so why not see a therapist to help improve our mental health? Therapy can also be preventative. Why wait before issues feel too far out of reach?
(858) 221-6961 View (858) 221-6961
Photo of Clear Mind Counseling San Diego, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Clear Mind Counseling San Diego
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92122
The best approach to mental well-being is simple: consistent, incremental change coupled with healthy thoughts leads to a more satisfying life. Changing the way we act affects the way we feel and the way we view ourselves. When working with me, you are guided towards intentional living and healthy thought processes. You are given a blueprint to follow that takes the guesswork out of change. You’ll be given straightforward instruction that enables you to create a better life for yourself! By focusing on changing your behavior instead of analyzing emotions, you can more quickly find relief, and start living well.
The best approach to mental well-being is simple: consistent, incremental change coupled with healthy thoughts leads to a more satisfying life. Changing the way we act affects the way we feel and the way we view ourselves. When working with me, you are guided towards intentional living and healthy thought processes. You are given a blueprint to follow that takes the guesswork out of change. You’ll be given straightforward instruction that enables you to create a better life for yourself! By focusing on changing your behavior instead of analyzing emotions, you can more quickly find relief, and start living well.
(858) 943-3120 View (858) 943-3120
Photo of Rene Guzman, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Rene Guzman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101
We all go through ups and downs; times when we’re mad, sad, angry, nervous or afraid. Whether you’re going through a big life change or things just don’t seem like they’re going your way, it’s normal to experience these feelings. But when the feelings don’t go away, when they linger for weeks, months or even years, you might need help getting your life back on track. Help is available, you don't have to suffer in silence. Recovery from these feelings is possible and I am available to help you when you are ready. Take the first step towards healing.
We all go through ups and downs; times when we’re mad, sad, angry, nervous or afraid. Whether you’re going through a big life change or things just don’t seem like they’re going your way, it’s normal to experience these feelings. But when the feelings don’t go away, when they linger for weeks, months or even years, you might need help getting your life back on track. Help is available, you don't have to suffer in silence. Recovery from these feelings is possible and I am available to help you when you are ready. Take the first step towards healing.
(619) 431-4756 View (619) 431-4756
Photo of Esmeralda Huizar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Esmeralda Huizar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92129
Hi there, I'm Esmeralda! I've been practicing for the last three years. I graduated from California State University San Bernardino with a Master's in Social Work. Lately, I've frequently been working with dual-diagnosis clients and enjoying the work. My approach is client-centered and solution-focused. Motivational Interviewing is helpful when starting a therapeutic relationship to ensure the client's motive to seek treatment is understood.
Hi there, I'm Esmeralda! I've been practicing for the last three years. I graduated from California State University San Bernardino with a Master's in Social Work. Lately, I've frequently been working with dual-diagnosis clients and enjoying the work. My approach is client-centered and solution-focused. Motivational Interviewing is helpful when starting a therapeutic relationship to ensure the client's motive to seek treatment is understood.
(858) 533-2513 View (858) 533-2513
Photo of Samantha Shepherd, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Samantha Shepherd
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Are you motivated and looking for change? Maybe you're seeking to identify patterns of behavior that might stem from childhood and are ready to make some changes. My ideal client is someone like you—driven to improve their life, but facing challenges along the way. You might be a first-gen individual, a member of the BIPOC or LGBTQIA+ communities, or someone who lives an alternative lifestyle. Your needs could range from healing past traumas to navigating relationship conflicts, and your goals might include building healthier relationships, achieving emotional well-being, or embracing your identity.
Are you motivated and looking for change? Maybe you're seeking to identify patterns of behavior that might stem from childhood and are ready to make some changes. My ideal client is someone like you—driven to improve their life, but facing challenges along the way. You might be a first-gen individual, a member of the BIPOC or LGBTQIA+ communities, or someone who lives an alternative lifestyle. Your needs could range from healing past traumas to navigating relationship conflicts, and your goals might include building healthier relationships, achieving emotional well-being, or embracing your identity.
(562) 396-4096 View (562) 396-4096
Photo of Dan Loney, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Dan Loney
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Hi, I’m Dan. I’m a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist practicing in San Diego, with in-person locations in Banker's Hill and Carlsbad. Through therapy, I'll give you the tools to move from a state of stuckness to a state of hope, health, and freedom. Through therapy, we’ll bring awareness to stuck patterns, so you will become more empowered in your relationship with yourself, others, and every area of your life.
Hi, I’m Dan. I’m a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist practicing in San Diego, with in-person locations in Banker's Hill and Carlsbad. Through therapy, I'll give you the tools to move from a state of stuckness to a state of hope, health, and freedom. Through therapy, we’ll bring awareness to stuck patterns, so you will become more empowered in your relationship with yourself, others, and every area of your life.
(619) 914-6970 View (619) 914-6970
Photo of Michael A Kallas, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Michael A Kallas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Mike helps adults with anxiety, depression, and relationship and religious issues.
Mike helps adults with anxiety, depression, and relationship and religious issues.
(619) 457-4410 View (619) 457-4410
Photo of Anna Lopez, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Anna Lopez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92122  (Online Only)
As a marriage and family therapist, my ideal client is an individual or family seeking to strengthen their bonds, enhanced communication, and overcome obstacles together. Whether they’re facing transitions, conflicts, or are simply aiming to deepen their connections, my therapeutic space is open to you. I welcome individuals of all shapes, sizes, and backgrounds, ready to embrace positive change and create of a nurturing environment where every member feels heard, valued, and supported. Let's embark on this transformative journey together, one step at a time.
As a marriage and family therapist, my ideal client is an individual or family seeking to strengthen their bonds, enhanced communication, and overcome obstacles together. Whether they’re facing transitions, conflicts, or are simply aiming to deepen their connections, my therapeutic space is open to you. I welcome individuals of all shapes, sizes, and backgrounds, ready to embrace positive change and create of a nurturing environment where every member feels heard, valued, and supported. Let's embark on this transformative journey together, one step at a time.
(858) 299-8616 View (858) 299-8616
Photo of Martina Nittra Savedra, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Martina Nittra Savedra
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92102  (Online Only)
Courage, dear heart, as life will present you with surprises and in time, you will manage each one with bravery. Our families can push our boundaries; our relationships can challenge us; and our careers can stretch us so thin. Negative self-thoughts can keep us in our heads and repeating old patterns can feel like a roller coaster of emotions. Past traumas can intrude our present; social injustices can break our community down; and gender and cultural inequalities can be an exhausting battle. Our self-care can plummet and suddenly we are not our first priority. However, you are leaning in today and making an investment in YOU!
Courage, dear heart, as life will present you with surprises and in time, you will manage each one with bravery. Our families can push our boundaries; our relationships can challenge us; and our careers can stretch us so thin. Negative self-thoughts can keep us in our heads and repeating old patterns can feel like a roller coaster of emotions. Past traumas can intrude our present; social injustices can break our community down; and gender and cultural inequalities can be an exhausting battle. Our self-care can plummet and suddenly we are not our first priority. However, you are leaning in today and making an investment in YOU!
(619) 762-3083 View (619) 762-3083
Photo of Annie Hall Marriage & Family Therapy, Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Annie Hall Marriage & Family Therapy, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Reaching out for help isn't always easy. Connecting with a therapist you trust is crucial for the success of the therapeutic process. As a marriage and family therapist, I strive to meet my clients' emotional needs in order to understand their world-views, experiences and struggles. It is a privilege to accompany a client towards a journey of health. I seek to form a collaborative bond within the counseling relationship. I have found that therapy can create the spark needed to pursue positive change in the lives of my clients.
Reaching out for help isn't always easy. Connecting with a therapist you trust is crucial for the success of the therapeutic process. As a marriage and family therapist, I strive to meet my clients' emotional needs in order to understand their world-views, experiences and struggles. It is a privilege to accompany a client towards a journey of health. I seek to form a collaborative bond within the counseling relationship. I have found that therapy can create the spark needed to pursue positive change in the lives of my clients.
(858) 346-6587 View (858) 346-6587
Photo of Alexandra Mari Pelonia, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Alexandra Mari Pelonia
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
Hope is something I would wish for my clients to take away in therapy. Everyone can benefit from feeling a little hope; cultivating hope can be a shield and a path to moving forward. In therapy, cultivating hope could look like creating clear and achievable goals that matter to you and speak to your values. It might also look like learning to be unafraid of uncertainties but rather be excited and curious about it. Cultivating hope in therapy also translates into learning that we all deserve to have healthy relationships, boundaries, respect, and genuine connection. Lastly, cultivating hope requires commitment and practice.
Hope is something I would wish for my clients to take away in therapy. Everyone can benefit from feeling a little hope; cultivating hope can be a shield and a path to moving forward. In therapy, cultivating hope could look like creating clear and achievable goals that matter to you and speak to your values. It might also look like learning to be unafraid of uncertainties but rather be excited and curious about it. Cultivating hope in therapy also translates into learning that we all deserve to have healthy relationships, boundaries, respect, and genuine connection. Lastly, cultivating hope requires commitment and practice.
(619) 815-7436 View (619) 815-7436
Photo of Amy K Montague, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Amy K Montague
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130
I have worked as a licensed clinical psychologist for over 30 years, providing a wide range of psychological services including diagnostic evaluation; individual, marital and family psychotherapy; and parent guidance. In my practice today, I enjoy treating children, adolescents, adults and their families, working with them to build healthy, meaningful, and satisfying lives and relationships. More specific interests include helping people cope with symptoms of anxiety, depression and ADD/ADHD; adjust to life transitions and family changes; manage stress; and recover from traumatic experiences.
I have worked as a licensed clinical psychologist for over 30 years, providing a wide range of psychological services including diagnostic evaluation; individual, marital and family psychotherapy; and parent guidance. In my practice today, I enjoy treating children, adolescents, adults and their families, working with them to build healthy, meaningful, and satisfying lives and relationships. More specific interests include helping people cope with symptoms of anxiety, depression and ADD/ADHD; adjust to life transitions and family changes; manage stress; and recover from traumatic experiences.
(858) 554-0801 View (858) 554-0801
Photo of Jamie (Lydia) Shorthill, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jamie (Lydia) Shorthill
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CCTP, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92123  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years of helping clients, I strive to help each person come to a better place of understanding, fulfillment and peace. The quest to understand and conquer trauma, anxiety, mood difficulties, stress and grief in a safe and caring environment is possible. Each plan is tailored to the client and their specific needs and wants to help find relief from symptoms and feel more confident. Connecting through Telehealth and/or Video Therapy to begin the healing process.
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years of helping clients, I strive to help each person come to a better place of understanding, fulfillment and peace. The quest to understand and conquer trauma, anxiety, mood difficulties, stress and grief in a safe and caring environment is possible. Each plan is tailored to the client and their specific needs and wants to help find relief from symptoms and feel more confident. Connecting through Telehealth and/or Video Therapy to begin the healing process.
(858) 914-2841 View (858) 914-2841
Photo of Cultivate: A Counseling Collective, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Cultivate: A Counseling Collective
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92116
Welcome to Cultivate: a warm and inspiring path to wholeness. Here at Cultivate, we understand that there are seasons in each of our lives when we are left feeling out of touch with ourselves, functioning poorly in our relationships, or crippled by anxiety, depression, trauma, or addiction. We provide each person we encounter with an inviting and enriching, therapeutic environment, enabling healing both individually and in relationships. Today, get back to living the restored, whole life that you were made for.
Welcome to Cultivate: a warm and inspiring path to wholeness. Here at Cultivate, we understand that there are seasons in each of our lives when we are left feeling out of touch with ourselves, functioning poorly in our relationships, or crippled by anxiety, depression, trauma, or addiction. We provide each person we encounter with an inviting and enriching, therapeutic environment, enabling healing both individually and in relationships. Today, get back to living the restored, whole life that you were made for.
(619) 473-7864 View (619) 473-7864
Photo of Kelly Ann Riley, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Kelly Ann Riley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, RPT-S
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108  (Online Only)
I specialize in three areas: couples counseling/relationship counseling, parenting issues, and play therapy for children. My professional experience has concentrated on helping all types of couples: single, married, and married with children. I am a certified Co-Parenting Specialist, which is a specialization that addresses parenting issues that arise from divorce. I am also a Play Therapist with substantial training in play therapy as well as many years of experience working with children, including classroom experience both before and after becoming a licensed therapist.
I specialize in three areas: couples counseling/relationship counseling, parenting issues, and play therapy for children. My professional experience has concentrated on helping all types of couples: single, married, and married with children. I am a certified Co-Parenting Specialist, which is a specialization that addresses parenting issues that arise from divorce. I am also a Play Therapist with substantial training in play therapy as well as many years of experience working with children, including classroom experience both before and after becoming a licensed therapist.
(619) 796-5950 View (619) 796-5950
Photo of Dr. Brittany Quinn, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Brittany Quinn
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
My approach in treatment is to help uncover, resource, release, and heal the wounds that are interfering in the client's present experiences. I specialize in working with those suffering from the aftermath of early childhood and developmental trauma, present relationship trauma, and those suffering with blocks to secure connection in their relationships. Stylistically, I am open, honest, informative, and aim to always offer my clients the warmth and safety necessary to lean into our relationship as a safe haven as we embark on their healing journey.
My approach in treatment is to help uncover, resource, release, and heal the wounds that are interfering in the client's present experiences. I specialize in working with those suffering from the aftermath of early childhood and developmental trauma, present relationship trauma, and those suffering with blocks to secure connection in their relationships. Stylistically, I am open, honest, informative, and aim to always offer my clients the warmth and safety necessary to lean into our relationship as a safe haven as we embark on their healing journey.
(619) 616-2815 View (619) 616-2815
Photo of Diane Dubow, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Diane Dubow
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92114
I am a licensed Psychologist, with over 30 years experience working with adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, loss and trauma. Working together , we will collaboratively develop a plan that meets your individual needs and empowers you to find stability and satisfaction in your life. I am experienced in using a wide variety of modalities , including CBT and Mindfulness, and we will work together to utilize what will best help you meet your goals.
I am a licensed Psychologist, with over 30 years experience working with adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, loss and trauma. Working together , we will collaboratively develop a plan that meets your individual needs and empowers you to find stability and satisfaction in your life. I am experienced in using a wide variety of modalities , including CBT and Mindfulness, and we will work together to utilize what will best help you meet your goals.
(714) 586-8854 View (714) 586-8854
Photo of Tabitha Hernandez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Tabitha Hernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello Hello, I'm Tabitha :) I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in San Diego, California. I believe in empathetic listening, transparency, and empowerment as a means to unravel inner conflict. I have a client-centered, trauma-informed approach, integrating conventional and holistic therapeutic modalities. I encourage mind-body oriented integrative methods in providing counseling, mental health and wellness approaches. My approach is to reveal the barriers we build in attempts to protect ourselves from childhood and adult relationship traumas.
Hello Hello, I'm Tabitha :) I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in San Diego, California. I believe in empathetic listening, transparency, and empowerment as a means to unravel inner conflict. I have a client-centered, trauma-informed approach, integrating conventional and holistic therapeutic modalities. I encourage mind-body oriented integrative methods in providing counseling, mental health and wellness approaches. My approach is to reveal the barriers we build in attempts to protect ourselves from childhood and adult relationship traumas.
(442) 254-0011 View (442) 254-0011

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.