Therapists in Castro Valley, CA

Photo of Shawan M. Worsley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Shawan M. Worsley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546  (Online Only)
Welcome! As a licensed therapist in the SF Bay Area, I provide online video therapy to individuals with unique cultural identities. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe space that will enable you to ignite your inner strengths and achieve your life goals. I provide individual and family therapy for a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, grief, family conflict and relationship difficulties. I specialize in working with women struggling with issues related to motherhood and with people of color grappling with issues related to race and racism.
Welcome! As a licensed therapist in the SF Bay Area, I provide online video therapy to individuals with unique cultural identities. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe space that will enable you to ignite your inner strengths and achieve your life goals. I provide individual and family therapy for a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, grief, family conflict and relationship difficulties. I specialize in working with women struggling with issues related to motherhood and with people of color grappling with issues related to race and racism.
(510) 681-2766 View (510) 681-2766
Photo of Damaris Marquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Damaris Marquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Hi there, I'm Damaris! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker licensed in California and Texas who has worked in outpatient and inpatient settings. I am passionate about helping clients find strategies that allow them to address the root causes of difficulties, develop new coping skills for overwhelming emotions, reduce the intensity of symptoms, increase self-esteem, process thoughts, change unhelpful behaviors, and build meaningful connections. Although I enjoy working with clients of all ages on a variety of issues, my specialization is working with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, PTSD.
Hi there, I'm Damaris! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker licensed in California and Texas who has worked in outpatient and inpatient settings. I am passionate about helping clients find strategies that allow them to address the root causes of difficulties, develop new coping skills for overwhelming emotions, reduce the intensity of symptoms, increase self-esteem, process thoughts, change unhelpful behaviors, and build meaningful connections. Although I enjoy working with clients of all ages on a variety of issues, my specialization is working with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, PTSD.
(510) 851-8785 View (510) 851-8785
Photo of Lauren Breslow, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Lauren Breslow
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Hello and welcome! My name is Lauren and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in sunny California. When people ask me what I do for a living, I love describing the privilege I have of being a Psychotherapist! It is with great humility and empathy that I get to walk alongside clients during different seasons of their lives. If I could pick 4 words to describe my style as a therapist it would be invested, passionate, warm, and empowering.
Hello and welcome! My name is Lauren and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in sunny California. When people ask me what I do for a living, I love describing the privilege I have of being a Psychotherapist! It is with great humility and empathy that I get to walk alongside clients during different seasons of their lives. If I could pick 4 words to describe my style as a therapist it would be invested, passionate, warm, and empowering.
(510) 726-4577 View (510) 726-4577
Photo of Elena Farias, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Elena Farias
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546  (Online Only)
Hi there ! I have spent many years working and refining my skills as a therapist, but I have also spent time working in leadership positions. I worked as an executive leader developing mental health programs in South Los Angeles, and also have spent much time supervising many qualified skilled therapists.
Hi there ! I have spent many years working and refining my skills as a therapist, but I have also spent time working in leadership positions. I worked as an executive leader developing mental health programs in South Los Angeles, and also have spent much time supervising many qualified skilled therapists.
(510) 916-3944 View (510) 916-3944
Photo of Jennie Teixeira, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Jennie Teixeira
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
There are times in our life when difficulties lead to thoughts and feelings inside of us that we are uncomfortable with. Ignoring those feelings doesn’t exactly make them go away often leaving us frustrated and feeling stuck. So what can you do? Well, I can tell you that counseling is a helpful way to find relief and healing for those struggling with mental and emotional suffering, relationship conflicts, daily stress, and unhealthy behavior patterns.
There are times in our life when difficulties lead to thoughts and feelings inside of us that we are uncomfortable with. Ignoring those feelings doesn’t exactly make them go away often leaving us frustrated and feeling stuck. So what can you do? Well, I can tell you that counseling is a helpful way to find relief and healing for those struggling with mental and emotional suffering, relationship conflicts, daily stress, and unhealthy behavior patterns.
(510) 879-5360 View (510) 879-5360
Photo of Lauren Kelly, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro Valley, CA
Lauren Kelly
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Are you feeling unhappy, isolated, stressed, stuck, or like nothing ever goes right? Do you want to improve your relationships with friends, family, or partners? I strongly believe everyone can benefit from a safe space to process their emotions and struggles. It’s daunting to find a therapist who is right for you. I will meet you where you’re at - whether that’s helping you find the words to express yourself or finding the right goals and motivations to move to the next phase of life. Healing, growth, and change are lifelong practices that often need a tune-up. I love working with teens, young adults, and adults of all ages.
Are you feeling unhappy, isolated, stressed, stuck, or like nothing ever goes right? Do you want to improve your relationships with friends, family, or partners? I strongly believe everyone can benefit from a safe space to process their emotions and struggles. It’s daunting to find a therapist who is right for you. I will meet you where you’re at - whether that’s helping you find the words to express yourself or finding the right goals and motivations to move to the next phase of life. Healing, growth, and change are lifelong practices that often need a tune-up. I love working with teens, young adults, and adults of all ages.
(510) 394-1808 View (510) 394-1808
Photo of Shandra Guzman Park, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Shandra Guzman Park
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546  (Online Only)
You are ready to better understand and accept yourself, let go of the feelings and beliefs that make each day difficult, and do something to feel better. I believe therapy is a place to work together. My focus is to help you understand how you got to where you are now and what we can do to get you where you want to be. Let’s start with exploring your experiences, strengths and goals. I will offer a mix of proven therapies to support your healing and learning, so you can leave therapy and practice on your own.
You are ready to better understand and accept yourself, let go of the feelings and beliefs that make each day difficult, and do something to feel better. I believe therapy is a place to work together. My focus is to help you understand how you got to where you are now and what we can do to get you where you want to be. Let’s start with exploring your experiences, strengths and goals. I will offer a mix of proven therapies to support your healing and learning, so you can leave therapy and practice on your own.
(510) 283-9499 View (510) 283-9499
Photo of Sonia Malek, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Sonia Malek
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546
My focus is on working with you to address current challenges, process past difficulties, and develop tools to overcome hurdles in relationships and daily life. I frequently work with individuals going through life changes, experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma, and couples with communication and conflict concerns. In addition, I work with neurodivergent individuals, including those on the autism spectrum, and parents, including parents of children with disabilities.
My focus is on working with you to address current challenges, process past difficulties, and develop tools to overcome hurdles in relationships and daily life. I frequently work with individuals going through life changes, experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma, and couples with communication and conflict concerns. In addition, I work with neurodivergent individuals, including those on the autism spectrum, and parents, including parents of children with disabilities.
(510) 617-1764 View (510) 617-1764
Photo of Joy Lee Johnson, Psychologist in Castro Valley, CA
Joy Lee Johnson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Joy provides families with survival tools and peace of mind to successfully accomplish the monumental task of raising kids and a family - a task that came without an instruction manual and changes at every turn. While she doesn't claim to know every particular circumstance, she has a reputation for respecting, honoring, and supporting people from a wide variety of life experiences. Joy has the ability to not just understand but FEEL your struggle without judgment.
Joy provides families with survival tools and peace of mind to successfully accomplish the monumental task of raising kids and a family - a task that came without an instruction manual and changes at every turn. While she doesn't claim to know every particular circumstance, she has a reputation for respecting, honoring, and supporting people from a wide variety of life experiences. Joy has the ability to not just understand but FEEL your struggle without judgment.
(510) 756-2926 View (510) 756-2926
Photo of Suzanne Fischer Comelo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Suzanne Fischer Comelo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, JD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
One of the amazing aspects of therapy is that it provides a unique opportunity for people to have a space where the focus is on their needs and growth. Very few other spaces exist where your needs and well-being can be the priority. This is a key part of the healing power of therapy, which is why I believe it is so important you find a therapist who is a good fit for you. Sessions by secure video or phone & limited in-person options in Castro Valley & Hayward). (In-Network with AETNA, OPTUM & CIGNA via Alma)
One of the amazing aspects of therapy is that it provides a unique opportunity for people to have a space where the focus is on their needs and growth. Very few other spaces exist where your needs and well-being can be the priority. This is a key part of the healing power of therapy, which is why I believe it is so important you find a therapist who is a good fit for you. Sessions by secure video or phone & limited in-person options in Castro Valley & Hayward). (In-Network with AETNA, OPTUM & CIGNA via Alma)
(510) 822-7213 View (510) 822-7213
Photo of Jasmine Mims, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Jasmine Mims
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94552
Hi, my name is Jasmine Mims and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist that enjoys providing a safe space for people to feel heard. I assist individuals and families with building on their current skills to help with challenging situations. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and transitional-age youth (ages 16-25) and I enjoy working with a variety of mental health challenges such as anxiety, disruptive behaviors, life transitions, mild depression, stress, anger, and other life challenges.
Hi, my name is Jasmine Mims and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist that enjoys providing a safe space for people to feel heard. I assist individuals and families with building on their current skills to help with challenging situations. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and transitional-age youth (ages 16-25) and I enjoy working with a variety of mental health challenges such as anxiety, disruptive behaviors, life transitions, mild depression, stress, anger, and other life challenges.
(510) 661-3498 View (510) 661-3498
Photo of Jamaal E Kizziee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Jamaal E Kizziee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Hi, I’m Jamaal and my goal, as a therapist, is to empower you as my client. I will do this by creating a safe space with you, to encouraging you during your process of exploration, and to providing reflection and guidance where it may be helpful. I am dedicated to fostering this inclusive and respectful space for all. Therapy can be a powerful tool to help build an understanding of yourself, gain confidence, and develop more fulfilling ways to move through life. I am motivated by helping people find the hope that change is possible, even when it feels nearly impossible.
Hi, I’m Jamaal and my goal, as a therapist, is to empower you as my client. I will do this by creating a safe space with you, to encouraging you during your process of exploration, and to providing reflection and guidance where it may be helpful. I am dedicated to fostering this inclusive and respectful space for all. Therapy can be a powerful tool to help build an understanding of yourself, gain confidence, and develop more fulfilling ways to move through life. I am motivated by helping people find the hope that change is possible, even when it feels nearly impossible.
(510) 319-1058 View (510) 319-1058
Photo of Rebecca Dooley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Rebecca Dooley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Hello, I'm Rebecca Dooley. I know that deciding to seek help can be a daunting step, yet it is a courageous move towards healing and growth. I commend you for exploring therapy services to help navigate any challenges that you are currently facing. Therapy with me is a collaborative journey. I am committed to tailoring the experience to your unique needs and goals; helping you navigate life's complexities with understanding and empathy. Whether in person or via telehealth, I strive to create a safe collaborative environment for individuals, couples, families, and groups that is client-centered, neuro-affirming, and trauma-informed.
Hello, I'm Rebecca Dooley. I know that deciding to seek help can be a daunting step, yet it is a courageous move towards healing and growth. I commend you for exploring therapy services to help navigate any challenges that you are currently facing. Therapy with me is a collaborative journey. I am committed to tailoring the experience to your unique needs and goals; helping you navigate life's complexities with understanding and empathy. Whether in person or via telehealth, I strive to create a safe collaborative environment for individuals, couples, families, and groups that is client-centered, neuro-affirming, and trauma-informed.
(510) 690-8395 View (510) 690-8395
Photo of Alexandra V Barcelo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Alexandra V Barcelo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546
Hello, my name is Alexandra and I am a bilingual Spanish, Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe that in order for change and growth to occur, people have to feel safe, connected, and heard. I assist individuals and families with building on their current skills and help them navigate through life's challenges. I enjoy working with a variety of clients, but specialize in youth and transitional-age youth (ages 18-25), and women's issues. I work with a variety of mental health challenges such as: anxiety, stress, life transitions, depression, anger/frustration, school issues, family issues, and other life challenges.
Hello, my name is Alexandra and I am a bilingual Spanish, Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I believe that in order for change and growth to occur, people have to feel safe, connected, and heard. I assist individuals and families with building on their current skills and help them navigate through life's challenges. I enjoy working with a variety of clients, but specialize in youth and transitional-age youth (ages 18-25), and women's issues. I work with a variety of mental health challenges such as: anxiety, stress, life transitions, depression, anger/frustration, school issues, family issues, and other life challenges.
(510) 662-0187 View (510) 662-0187
Photo of Sequoyah Counseling Center, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Sequoyah Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
We opened our doors in September of 1980 to add value to our community in the area of human service. Our goal is to assist teens, single adults, couples and families in their journey through life's challenges, losses and broken relationships.
We opened our doors in September of 1980 to add value to our community in the area of human service. Our goal is to assist teens, single adults, couples and families in their journey through life's challenges, losses and broken relationships.
(510) 674-0548 View (510) 674-0548
Photo of Jocelyn Martin, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Jocelyn Martin
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
I offer psychotherapy services catering to various stages of life - children, teens, adults, couples, and families. My approach is client-centered, humanistic, and strengths-based, carefully considering your unique social and cultural context. In addressing addiction, I advocate for and practice a harm-reduction approach. My clinical interests and experience include working with addiction, anxiety, depression, family dynamics, trauma, neurodivergence, grief, and work stress. In my work with couples and families, I focus on enhancing connections, improving communication and conflict resolution, and fostering healthier dynamics.
I offer psychotherapy services catering to various stages of life - children, teens, adults, couples, and families. My approach is client-centered, humanistic, and strengths-based, carefully considering your unique social and cultural context. In addressing addiction, I advocate for and practice a harm-reduction approach. My clinical interests and experience include working with addiction, anxiety, depression, family dynamics, trauma, neurodivergence, grief, and work stress. In my work with couples and families, I focus on enhancing connections, improving communication and conflict resolution, and fostering healthier dynamics.
(510) 939-2465 View (510) 939-2465
Photo of Susie Valle, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Susie Valle
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546  (Online Only)
Hello there, I'm Susie. I'm a bilingual therapist who speaks English and Spanish. I have specialized training in Art Therapy and EMDR. In my work with individuals and groups, I am compassionate, collaborative, culturally sensitive and creative.
Hello there, I'm Susie. I'm a bilingual therapist who speaks English and Spanish. I have specialized training in Art Therapy and EMDR. In my work with individuals and groups, I am compassionate, collaborative, culturally sensitive and creative.
(650) 684-1535 View (650) 684-1535
Photo of Brandy Gadson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Brandy Gadson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546
My practice is rooted in the belief that there is power in knowing and telling your own story. Who are you? Where did you come from? What's important to you? Let's work together to untangle your story, identify your strengths, goals, passions, and barriers; and make you the author of what comes next. I work with people who want to make positive changes, but feel paralyzed by stress, fear, indecision, or old habits. I can also help you learn concrete strategies for managing uncomfortable thoughts, emotions, transitions, health conditions or problematic relationships.
My practice is rooted in the belief that there is power in knowing and telling your own story. Who are you? Where did you come from? What's important to you? Let's work together to untangle your story, identify your strengths, goals, passions, and barriers; and make you the author of what comes next. I work with people who want to make positive changes, but feel paralyzed by stress, fear, indecision, or old habits. I can also help you learn concrete strategies for managing uncomfortable thoughts, emotions, transitions, health conditions or problematic relationships.
(510) 901-3757 View (510) 901-3757
Photo of Annia Raysberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Annia Raysberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
17 Endorsed
Castro Valley, CA 94546
I work with individuals, couples, and families. I tend to be interactive and collaborative; I provide a warm & supportive environment to help my clients achieve positive changes in their lives. I am non-judgmental and open minded. I create an individual treatment plan and approach for each client based on each person's needs and preferences. I offer phone/video sessions if appropriate. I am Certified in EMDR which means I have advanced training in this modality (beyond basic training). EMDR is used to re-process traumatic memories, and it can be applied to other things as well.
I work with individuals, couples, and families. I tend to be interactive and collaborative; I provide a warm & supportive environment to help my clients achieve positive changes in their lives. I am non-judgmental and open minded. I create an individual treatment plan and approach for each client based on each person's needs and preferences. I offer phone/video sessions if appropriate. I am Certified in EMDR which means I have advanced training in this modality (beyond basic training). EMDR is used to re-process traumatic memories, and it can be applied to other things as well.
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Photo of Rachel Elizabeth Haynes, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro Valley, CA
Rachel Elizabeth Haynes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy can be a life-changing experience - positive, productive treatment begins with a safe, trusting empathic client-therapist alliance. My approach is solution-focused which means I like to concentrate on client strengths. Together, we collaborate toward understanding and resolving concerns and struggles in the present moment. I also focus on origin of concerns (root causes) as well as future health and happiness. To do this, I integrate numerous modalities, as treatment depends on clients needs. Clients I work best with like a direct approach, with a twist of humor.
Psychotherapy can be a life-changing experience - positive, productive treatment begins with a safe, trusting empathic client-therapist alliance. My approach is solution-focused which means I like to concentrate on client strengths. Together, we collaborate toward understanding and resolving concerns and struggles in the present moment. I also focus on origin of concerns (root causes) as well as future health and happiness. To do this, I integrate numerous modalities, as treatment depends on clients needs. Clients I work best with like a direct approach, with a twist of humor.
(510) 345-1638 View (510) 345-1638

See more therapy options for Castro Valley

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Castro Valley, CA

90+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Castro Valley, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
78% Coping Skills
78% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
70% Family Conflict
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

57% Optum
52% Aetna
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Castro Valley, CA see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
14% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Castro Valley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.