Therapists in Spokane, WA

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Photo of Ashley Peridot, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Ashley Peridot
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99204
In traditional lore, the cauldron represents a vessel that takes a variety of ingredients in a raw form and transforms them into a form of nourishment and healing. At Healing Cauldron Counseling, my goal in working with an individual is to offer a space to take difficult feelings, memories, sensations, beliefs, thoughts, and values to help one transform into the most empowered and healthy version of themself. I offer psychotherapy for adults informed by transpersonal and depth psychologies, incorporating yet moving beyond traditional talk and behavioral therapies.
In traditional lore, the cauldron represents a vessel that takes a variety of ingredients in a raw form and transforms them into a form of nourishment and healing. At Healing Cauldron Counseling, my goal in working with an individual is to offer a space to take difficult feelings, memories, sensations, beliefs, thoughts, and values to help one transform into the most empowered and healthy version of themself. I offer psychotherapy for adults informed by transpersonal and depth psychologies, incorporating yet moving beyond traditional talk and behavioral therapies.
(509) 392-4623 x208660 View (509) 392-4623 x208660
Photo of Sarah Shears, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Sarah Shears
Counselor, MSW, LICSW, LMHC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
Not accepting new clients
I am a person-centered, strengths-based therapist who brings empathy and compassion to the process. I am here to guide you in the right direction & support you along your path. Therapy can be one way of seeing difficulties in a different way, a way that will help you to see the solutions. Let me help you find the solutions that will work for you. Whether you want to address individual issues, issues in your family or relationship or issues along the parenting spectrum (parenting, infertility, postpartum, pregnancy loss, perinatal depression), it would be my honor to hear your story.
I am a person-centered, strengths-based therapist who brings empathy and compassion to the process. I am here to guide you in the right direction & support you along your path. Therapy can be one way of seeing difficulties in a different way, a way that will help you to see the solutions. Let me help you find the solutions that will work for you. Whether you want to address individual issues, issues in your family or relationship or issues along the parenting spectrum (parenting, infertility, postpartum, pregnancy loss, perinatal depression), it would be my honor to hear your story.
(509) 359-1878 View (509) 359-1878
Photo of Frances J Archer, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Frances J Archer
Counselor, LMHC, MHP, CMHS
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99204
The decision to seek help is a personal one, often made after trying everything to remedy our circumstances. Childhood issues, symptoms of anxiety and depression, relational issues, and personal loss can take a toll. With over 20 years of counseling individuals and families with a wide swath of difficult circumstances, I have learned to provide a supportive, non-judgmental, truthful, and safe environment that promotes self confidence and hope in overcoming and breaking through the obstacles we all face from time to time
The decision to seek help is a personal one, often made after trying everything to remedy our circumstances. Childhood issues, symptoms of anxiety and depression, relational issues, and personal loss can take a toll. With over 20 years of counseling individuals and families with a wide swath of difficult circumstances, I have learned to provide a supportive, non-judgmental, truthful, and safe environment that promotes self confidence and hope in overcoming and breaking through the obstacles we all face from time to time
(509) 797-7756 View (509) 797-7756
Photo of Less Than No More Counseling PLLC, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Less Than No More Counseling PLLC
Counselor, M Ed, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
Hello, friend. My name is Steve Donovan. Odds are if you are reading this, you are looking to address something that may be troubling you. I would consider it an honor to walk alongside you on that journey. In my ten years as a therapist, I’ve heard people speak about several beliefs about self that ranged from unhelpful to downright harmful. Do you struggle with thoughts of low self-esteem or feelings that you are somehow not enough? Do you have intrusive thoughts which undermine your confidence? I would love to work with you.
Hello, friend. My name is Steve Donovan. Odds are if you are reading this, you are looking to address something that may be troubling you. I would consider it an honor to walk alongside you on that journey. In my ten years as a therapist, I’ve heard people speak about several beliefs about self that ranged from unhelpful to downright harmful. Do you struggle with thoughts of low self-esteem or feelings that you are somehow not enough? Do you have intrusive thoughts which undermine your confidence? I would love to work with you.
(509) 584-3090 View (509) 584-3090
Photo of Emily Steele, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Emily Steele
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
The journey to becoming a parent can be full of challenging feelings, thoughts and transitions. I am a certified perinatal mental health specialist and certified attachment-focused therapist with over a decade of experience working with clients. I believe that the transition into parenthood is often one of the most challenging and transformative periods in life and am passionate about supporting people in this transition. My approach to therapy is a collaborative process with you, pulling from various therapeutic approaches together we will tailor therapy to what will work best for you.
The journey to becoming a parent can be full of challenging feelings, thoughts and transitions. I am a certified perinatal mental health specialist and certified attachment-focused therapist with over a decade of experience working with clients. I believe that the transition into parenthood is often one of the most challenging and transformative periods in life and am passionate about supporting people in this transition. My approach to therapy is a collaborative process with you, pulling from various therapeutic approaches together we will tailor therapy to what will work best for you.
(509) 796-0706 View (509) 796-0706
Photo of Deanette Christopherson, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Deanette Christopherson
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99205
Life can become so overwhelming at times.During these times sometimes we need assistance in navigating. I work with children, adolescents, families, individuals and couples. When we are facing life struggles I believe in having a safe environment for you to share your concerns. We can create a plan together to assist you with feeling more in control of your life. Using a person centered approach that is focused on your individual needs.
Life can become so overwhelming at times.During these times sometimes we need assistance in navigating. I work with children, adolescents, families, individuals and couples. When we are facing life struggles I believe in having a safe environment for you to share your concerns. We can create a plan together to assist you with feeling more in control of your life. Using a person centered approach that is focused on your individual needs.
(509) 309-0540 View (509) 309-0540
Photo of Chandra Richardson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Chandra Richardson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, SUDP
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I know life can throw out punches like Muhammad Ali, leaving you feeling drained, overwhelmed, unfulfilled and not wanting to get up for the next round. The daily feeling of worry, tension, self doubt, negative thoughts, make it hard to relax and enjoy the present moment. The deep sense of sadness and loss of interest in the things you used to enjoy feel so heavy. Reaching out can feel overwhelming, uncomfortable and just so damn scary. You are not alone. I am here.
I know life can throw out punches like Muhammad Ali, leaving you feeling drained, overwhelmed, unfulfilled and not wanting to get up for the next round. The daily feeling of worry, tension, self doubt, negative thoughts, make it hard to relax and enjoy the present moment. The deep sense of sadness and loss of interest in the things you used to enjoy feel so heavy. Reaching out can feel overwhelming, uncomfortable and just so damn scary. You are not alone. I am here.
(509) 537-1993 View (509) 537-1993
Photo of Billie Tyler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Spokane, WA
Billie Tyler
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99204
We are all involved in relationships, with others and ourselves. These relationships evolve and change over time. At times, we can feel frustrated, unappreciated, misunderstood, or just on different pages. I offer an open, warm, and engaging environment. Through a process of thoughtful discovery we will focus on strengths and build from there. Often, we already have what we need to find satisfying and fulfilling bonds. For couples this may be seeking more intimacy, for families we may work on communication, for parents of younger children we may work on growing parenting skills and increasing positive behavior from children. The possibilities are endless.
We are all involved in relationships, with others and ourselves. These relationships evolve and change over time. At times, we can feel frustrated, unappreciated, misunderstood, or just on different pages. I offer an open, warm, and engaging environment. Through a process of thoughtful discovery we will focus on strengths and build from there. Often, we already have what we need to find satisfying and fulfilling bonds. For couples this may be seeking more intimacy, for families we may work on communication, for parents of younger children we may work on growing parenting skills and increasing positive behavior from children. The possibilities are endless.
(509) 792-3487 View (509) 792-3487
Photo of Talk With Mel, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Talk With Mel, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I’m glad you’re here. I’d like to think I provide a welcoming atmosphere and warmth to the people I meet and work with. Hence, Talk With Mel, PLLC was created and built to provide a space where you and I can come together, and what else? - talk.
I’m glad you’re here. I’d like to think I provide a welcoming atmosphere and warmth to the people I meet and work with. Hence, Talk With Mel, PLLC was created and built to provide a space where you and I can come together, and what else? - talk.
(206) 558-5783 View (206) 558-5783
Photo of Tegan Brindley, Pre-Licensed Professional in Spokane, WA
Tegan Brindley
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
I am passionate about working with people through a variety of diagnoses and life circumstances. Whether you are going through a difficult transition, overcoming a trauma, coping with anxiety or depression or just want to become more self aware and live into your fullest potential, I am here to help process and give tools for healing and health.
I am passionate about working with people through a variety of diagnoses and life circumstances. Whether you are going through a difficult transition, overcoming a trauma, coping with anxiety or depression or just want to become more self aware and live into your fullest potential, I am here to help process and give tools for healing and health.
(509) 401-8622 View (509) 401-8622
Photo of Katharine Dickinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Katharine Dickinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CMHS
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99217  (Online Only)
As you transition from childhood to adulthood it can feel incredibly overwhelming, especially for many people with ADHD or other neurodivergence. Navigating school, anxiety, family relationships, friendships, trauma, and all the other stressors that life throws at you can feel impossible to take on alone. Adding in the stressors that can come with finding your true identity or navigating difficulties with attention can make it even harder. Maybe you're a teen trying to navigate the social stressors that come with this stage of life, or a young adult trying to make your way in the world.
As you transition from childhood to adulthood it can feel incredibly overwhelming, especially for many people with ADHD or other neurodivergence. Navigating school, anxiety, family relationships, friendships, trauma, and all the other stressors that life throws at you can feel impossible to take on alone. Adding in the stressors that can come with finding your true identity or navigating difficulties with attention can make it even harder. Maybe you're a teen trying to navigate the social stressors that come with this stage of life, or a young adult trying to make your way in the world.
(509) 800-7121 View (509) 800-7121
Photo of Julie A Kathrens, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Julie A Kathrens
Counselor, LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Welcome to Kathrens Counseling Services... I'm Julie! As a clinician I like to take a relaxed, person-centered approach. It is not my goal to rush clients into progress, but to help them find strategies to create lasting and positive change in their lives. I've found that psychoeducation is foundational to clients making progress in counseling because the more a person understands their own experiences, the better they can address their concerns. As we move forward, I will work with you to identify your strengths and values to create customized self-care and strategies so you can achieve your wellness goals! (Ages 13 and up.)
Welcome to Kathrens Counseling Services... I'm Julie! As a clinician I like to take a relaxed, person-centered approach. It is not my goal to rush clients into progress, but to help them find strategies to create lasting and positive change in their lives. I've found that psychoeducation is foundational to clients making progress in counseling because the more a person understands their own experiences, the better they can address their concerns. As we move forward, I will work with you to identify your strengths and values to create customized self-care and strategies so you can achieve your wellness goals! (Ages 13 and up.)
(509) 712-3163 View (509) 712-3163
Photo of Raelean Hendrickson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Raelean Hendrickson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99223  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome to Rooted Embrace! My intention for my practice is to provide a safe and welcoming space for all. I strongly believe every human is uniquely beautiful and sacred and deserves to celebrate their authenticity. This is your life, your story and I am here to walk alongside you supporting you in ways that honor and embrace who you are at your core. In my practice I work collaboratively with folks to identify their specific needs, goals, and strengths; working to unwind oppressive expectations, systems and internal patterns.
Welcome to Rooted Embrace! My intention for my practice is to provide a safe and welcoming space for all. I strongly believe every human is uniquely beautiful and sacred and deserves to celebrate their authenticity. This is your life, your story and I am here to walk alongside you supporting you in ways that honor and embrace who you are at your core. In my practice I work collaboratively with folks to identify their specific needs, goals, and strengths; working to unwind oppressive expectations, systems and internal patterns.
(509) 587-1676 View (509) 587-1676
Photo of Oscar G Haupt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Oscar G Haupt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
My name is Oscar and I have been helping people for over three decades. Over the years and in my own personal life, I have discovered that life is a long journey. During this journey, we experience ups and downs, darkness and lightness, silence and loudness. At times, the journey feels effortless. Other times it feels very taxing.
My name is Oscar and I have been helping people for over three decades. Over the years and in my own personal life, I have discovered that life is a long journey. During this journey, we experience ups and downs, darkness and lightness, silence and loudness. At times, the journey feels effortless. Other times it feels very taxing.
(509) 337-4904 View (509) 337-4904
Photo of Tye L Sheller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Tye L Sheller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99223
Welcome! I am a dedicated psychotherapist with a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree from Eastern Washington University. My professional journey led me to social work because I firmly believe in the profound impact of one's environment on their personal development and well-being. Everyone’s unique experiences shape their present circumstances, and it is my commitment to meet you exactly where you are on your journey, supporting you in reaching your desired destination. With a comprehensive understanding of social work principles and a passion for empowering individuals, I am equipped to provide compassionate and effective therapy.
Welcome! I am a dedicated psychotherapist with a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree from Eastern Washington University. My professional journey led me to social work because I firmly believe in the profound impact of one's environment on their personal development and well-being. Everyone’s unique experiences shape their present circumstances, and it is my commitment to meet you exactly where you are on your journey, supporting you in reaching your desired destination. With a comprehensive understanding of social work principles and a passion for empowering individuals, I am equipped to provide compassionate and effective therapy.
(509) 778-5137 View (509) 778-5137
Photo of Kimberly Broffitt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Kimberly Broffitt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
When life feels overwhelming, let's work together to sort it out. Don't suffer in silence. It is okay to not be okay, and you don't have to do it alone. With over 10 years of experience in a variety of mental health settings, my areas of specialty include anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, life transitions and stress management. My style is warm and down-to-earth, and I explore difficult topics with candor and humor. I use a variety of evidence-based therapeutic tools and techniques that are tailored to your unique needs and history. Feel free to reach out to ask any questions you might have.
When life feels overwhelming, let's work together to sort it out. Don't suffer in silence. It is okay to not be okay, and you don't have to do it alone. With over 10 years of experience in a variety of mental health settings, my areas of specialty include anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, life transitions and stress management. My style is warm and down-to-earth, and I explore difficult topics with candor and humor. I use a variety of evidence-based therapeutic tools and techniques that are tailored to your unique needs and history. Feel free to reach out to ask any questions you might have.
(509) 612-7423 View (509) 612-7423
Photo of Karen Brown, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Karen Brown
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHS
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Karen Brown, M.A. is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) who has provided crisis-intervention and -management, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), among other specialized services. She also holds certification as a Child Mental Health Specialist. Karen has helped a diversity of adults, children (ages 6+), & adolescents who have a variety of mental health needs. In-person & virtual (Telehealth) sessions are available.
Karen Brown, M.A. is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) who has provided crisis-intervention and -management, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), among other specialized services. She also holds certification as a Child Mental Health Specialist. Karen has helped a diversity of adults, children (ages 6+), & adolescents who have a variety of mental health needs. In-person & virtual (Telehealth) sessions are available.
(509) 233-4815 View (509) 233-4815
Photo of Tracy Michelle Ferezan, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Tracy Michelle Ferezan
Counselor, LMHCA, SUDP
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate & Substance Use Disorder Professional. I am currently accepting clients who are paying out of pocket in Washington. I have flexible hours using a virtual setting to accommodate work schedules and allow counseling to be your priority. I work with children ages 10 and older, teenagers, and adults. I specialize in working with people who need help with addiction and recovery, suicidal ideation, mood disorders, and trauma. I am an ally to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate & Substance Use Disorder Professional. I am currently accepting clients who are paying out of pocket in Washington. I have flexible hours using a virtual setting to accommodate work schedules and allow counseling to be your priority. I work with children ages 10 and older, teenagers, and adults. I specialize in working with people who need help with addiction and recovery, suicidal ideation, mood disorders, and trauma. I am an ally to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
(509) 519-1854 View (509) 519-1854
Photo of Freda O'Donoghue, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Freda O'Donoghue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I believe your well being is all about you - your progress, your presence, your potential, and your peace. The pace of life can be hectic and often disorienting even for the healthiest person. We all bump up against obstacles and events that cause us to pause, reflect and assess the road we are traveling. Sometimes the moment is brief. At other times it is protracted and complicated. I'm here to explore life's turns and detours so that, together, we may restore these moments for a useful purpose.
I believe your well being is all about you - your progress, your presence, your potential, and your peace. The pace of life can be hectic and often disorienting even for the healthiest person. We all bump up against obstacles and events that cause us to pause, reflect and assess the road we are traveling. Sometimes the moment is brief. At other times it is protracted and complicated. I'm here to explore life's turns and detours so that, together, we may restore these moments for a useful purpose.
(206) 202-3291 View (206) 202-3291
Photo of Maureen Haeger, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Maureen Haeger
Counselor, MS, LMHCA, NCC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Take a moment before you read this, and let it sink in that just by being here, you have already taken a step towards improving your mental health. Believe that you are worthy and capable of doing that work. Therapy can be a place to increase your own understanding of yourself, identify patterns, and attend to the places that need healing. Sometimes it is difficult to hold ourselves with compassion, tune in to our own needs, and engage meaningfully with the people and world around us. In therapy, we can discover together what a vibrant and healthy life looks like for you, and how you will best be supported on that road.
Take a moment before you read this, and let it sink in that just by being here, you have already taken a step towards improving your mental health. Believe that you are worthy and capable of doing that work. Therapy can be a place to increase your own understanding of yourself, identify patterns, and attend to the places that need healing. Sometimes it is difficult to hold ourselves with compassion, tune in to our own needs, and engage meaningfully with the people and world around us. In therapy, we can discover together what a vibrant and healthy life looks like for you, and how you will best be supported on that road.
(509) 481-9629 View (509) 481-9629

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Spokane, WA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Spokane, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Premera
71% Aetna
58% Regence

How Therapists in Spokane, WA see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Spokane?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.