Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Hannah Paul, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Hannah Paul
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63146  (Online Only)
It is so exciting to me that you are looking for a therapist! Are you trying & struggling to make some big life decisions, or trying to figure out why it’s hard to trust or feel connected with yourself? Feeling like it might be helpful or necessary to (finally) process complicated or upsetting events from your past that you’ve been working hard to just move on from? Wanting to process an experience in a religious setting that felt confusing or upsetting, examine your relationship with a spiritual/religious organization, or explore the ways that religious influences have impacted your relationships and identity development?
It is so exciting to me that you are looking for a therapist! Are you trying & struggling to make some big life decisions, or trying to figure out why it’s hard to trust or feel connected with yourself? Feeling like it might be helpful or necessary to (finally) process complicated or upsetting events from your past that you’ve been working hard to just move on from? Wanting to process an experience in a religious setting that felt confusing or upsetting, examine your relationship with a spiritual/religious organization, or explore the ways that religious influences have impacted your relationships and identity development?
(314) 451-7829 View (314) 451-7829
Photo of Erin Schnurbusch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Erin Schnurbusch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63146  (Online Only)
Sometimes, you just need someone to talk to. Not your mom, not your hairstylist, and even your friends might not want to be your therapist. I have the degree, license, and training to be a therapist, sure, but where I excel is in forming a relationship with YOU so I'm someone you look forward to chatting with on a regular basis. I am not a fan of anything stuffy or inauthentic, and connecting with clients and seeing real, positive change is my favorite part of the job. So whether it's anxiety, depression, or issues surrounding life changes like career decisions or having kids (or so many more things!), I'm your girl. Let's connect!
Sometimes, you just need someone to talk to. Not your mom, not your hairstylist, and even your friends might not want to be your therapist. I have the degree, license, and training to be a therapist, sure, but where I excel is in forming a relationship with YOU so I'm someone you look forward to chatting with on a regular basis. I am not a fan of anything stuffy or inauthentic, and connecting with clients and seeing real, positive change is my favorite part of the job. So whether it's anxiety, depression, or issues surrounding life changes like career decisions or having kids (or so many more things!), I'm your girl. Let's connect!
(314) 582-2248 View (314) 582-2248
Photo of Michelle Hall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Michelle Hall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63123
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling to find meaning and purpose in your life? Maybe you struggle with negative, self-defeating thoughts and beliefs that may cause depression and/or anxiety.
Are you struggling to find meaning and purpose in your life? Maybe you struggle with negative, self-defeating thoughts and beliefs that may cause depression and/or anxiety.
(314) 470-9191 View (314) 470-9191
Photo of Rynn Wyrick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Rynn Wyrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63101  (Online Only)
I specialize in offering trauma-informed therapy to LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent adults residing in Missouri. As a queer and trans individual myself, my focus is on co-creating a safe and affirming environment for folks to thrive. I hold space for clients to explore and process their experiences of grief, complex trauma, and challenges stemming from the impacts of living in a traumatic and oppressive society. I particularly enjoy working with queer and neurodiverse individuals who are interested in taking a more deliberate approach to their personal growth and who wish to develop a deeper connection with themselves and their bodies.
I specialize in offering trauma-informed therapy to LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent adults residing in Missouri. As a queer and trans individual myself, my focus is on co-creating a safe and affirming environment for folks to thrive. I hold space for clients to explore and process their experiences of grief, complex trauma, and challenges stemming from the impacts of living in a traumatic and oppressive society. I particularly enjoy working with queer and neurodiverse individuals who are interested in taking a more deliberate approach to their personal growth and who wish to develop a deeper connection with themselves and their bodies.
(314) 970-3579 View (314) 970-3579
Photo of Dana Boyland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Dana Boyland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63132
Accepting New Clients! - As an older adult you know that life has a way of throwing you curve balls in way of events or circumstances that make you anxious and may weigh you down emotionally. Do you have a new medical diagnosis? A life-limiting disease or illness? Have physical challenges affected your most important relationships? Did retirement not turn out the way you'd expected? Are you experiencing loss of independence, even loss of control if others are making decisions for you and you're not ready. You may be thinking, “This is unfair, life was not supposed to turn out this way.” Aging is not for the faint of heart!
Accepting New Clients! - As an older adult you know that life has a way of throwing you curve balls in way of events or circumstances that make you anxious and may weigh you down emotionally. Do you have a new medical diagnosis? A life-limiting disease or illness? Have physical challenges affected your most important relationships? Did retirement not turn out the way you'd expected? Are you experiencing loss of independence, even loss of control if others are making decisions for you and you're not ready. You may be thinking, “This is unfair, life was not supposed to turn out this way.” Aging is not for the faint of heart!
(314) 701-7496 View (314) 701-7496
Photo of Cortney Dollens, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Cortney Dollens
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
In a world riddled with sadness and struggle, I strive to provide a safe haven for my clients to find support and hope, recognizing that all too often these vital components for living just can't be found anywhere else. My hope is to be source of grounding as you face your struggle, and ultimately, yourself. Counseling can be a transformative and life-changing experience if we are brave enough to engage it with earnestness and sincerity. I'll be with you along the way.
In a world riddled with sadness and struggle, I strive to provide a safe haven for my clients to find support and hope, recognizing that all too often these vital components for living just can't be found anywhere else. My hope is to be source of grounding as you face your struggle, and ultimately, yourself. Counseling can be a transformative and life-changing experience if we are brave enough to engage it with earnestness and sincerity. I'll be with you along the way.
(314) 270-1492 View (314) 270-1492
Photo of Emotional Change Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Emotional Change Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, LCSW, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63123
Please email us or visit our website to schedule an appointment as most of our "in office" staff are working remotely at this time. However our ongoing process will ensure you will have a great, competent therapist. Emotional Change provides quality therapy to diverse populations with diverse needs by providing a variety of therapists to meet those needs. By calling us, you will get a really good feel for who we are. We'll do our best to meet your needs. We accept most Insurances/Victims-of-Crime and private pay. We'll help take the stress out of finding a therapist. Individual/Couple/Group therapy is available.
Please email us or visit our website to schedule an appointment as most of our "in office" staff are working remotely at this time. However our ongoing process will ensure you will have a great, competent therapist. Emotional Change provides quality therapy to diverse populations with diverse needs by providing a variety of therapists to meet those needs. By calling us, you will get a really good feel for who we are. We'll do our best to meet your needs. We accept most Insurances/Victims-of-Crime and private pay. We'll help take the stress out of finding a therapist. Individual/Couple/Group therapy is available.
(314) 720-3033 View (314) 720-3033
Photo of Andie Cutright - Ellie Mental Health, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Andie Cutright - Ellie Mental Health
Pre-Licensed Professional, MdE, PLPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63128
My goal as a counselor is for my clients to feel safe, seen, and heard during our time together. I have a passion for providing a space filled with acceptance and support as people process hardships and begin to heal.
My goal as a counselor is for my clients to feel safe, seen, and heard during our time together. I have a passion for providing a space filled with acceptance and support as people process hardships and begin to heal.
(314) 897-7141 View (314) 897-7141
Photo of Jackie Sell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jackie Sell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Depth psychotherapy work is a process unique to each individual and it relies on their innate potential for growth and ability to explore deeper realms of the psyche. We will use tools such as dream work, active imagination, explorations of the past as well as the present to understand those deeper aspects of the mind. The goal of depth work is to understand unconscious patterns and origins of behavior which can ultimately lead to greater psychological flexibility and freedom. Many clients who experience depth work end up finding a renewed sense of Self and purpose.
Depth psychotherapy work is a process unique to each individual and it relies on their innate potential for growth and ability to explore deeper realms of the psyche. We will use tools such as dream work, active imagination, explorations of the past as well as the present to understand those deeper aspects of the mind. The goal of depth work is to understand unconscious patterns and origins of behavior which can ultimately lead to greater psychological flexibility and freedom. Many clients who experience depth work end up finding a renewed sense of Self and purpose.
(636) 215-6894 View (636) 215-6894
Photo of Pete Sandoval, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Pete Sandoval
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63114  (Online Only)
Today is a new day! Having someone to listen without judgment is a tremendous gift. It can remove the loneliness and despair that can happen when life gets to be too much to bear. Perhaps you've had therapy before but something's still missing. You've done everything you can think of or that your previous therapist told you. You are dedicated to your personal growth. You engage in regular practices and are committed to do whatever it takes to be your best self. Despite some real progress, the deeper relief you've been looking for hasn't occurred just yet.
Today is a new day! Having someone to listen without judgment is a tremendous gift. It can remove the loneliness and despair that can happen when life gets to be too much to bear. Perhaps you've had therapy before but something's still missing. You've done everything you can think of or that your previous therapist told you. You are dedicated to your personal growth. You engage in regular practices and are committed to do whatever it takes to be your best self. Despite some real progress, the deeper relief you've been looking for hasn't occurred just yet.
(314) 462-2696 View (314) 462-2696
Photo of Steven Mark Weiner, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Steven Mark Weiner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141
When people decide to come to therapy, they are struggling. They are stressed, suffering, and feeling stuck or lost. In most cases, they are feeling a loss of control over some important aspect of their lives. This loss of control results in symptoms such as depression, anxiety, stress, feelings of guilt or shame, family problems, relationship problems, or problems at work or school. It is my goal to help you regain control of your life!
When people decide to come to therapy, they are struggling. They are stressed, suffering, and feeling stuck or lost. In most cases, they are feeling a loss of control over some important aspect of their lives. This loss of control results in symptoms such as depression, anxiety, stress, feelings of guilt or shame, family problems, relationship problems, or problems at work or school. It is my goal to help you regain control of your life!
(314) 282-3630 View (314) 282-3630
Photo of Amy L Butler in Saint Louis, MO
Amy L Butler
MMFT, MEd, BSEd, BAID
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63119
Currently Accepting NEW Clients on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and some Fridays. I feel that I’m patient, supportive, and genuine, but also speak the truth and will speak to the elephant in the room. Each of us hold the necessary tools required to find peace within ourselves and among others. My job is not to fix, but to offer encouragement and guidance though listening and conversation. I specialize in issues related to peer and relationship issues, both premarital and marriage related. My concentration areas are couples. My goal is to help you, your partner and/or your family navigate life challenges.
Currently Accepting NEW Clients on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and some Fridays. I feel that I’m patient, supportive, and genuine, but also speak the truth and will speak to the elephant in the room. Each of us hold the necessary tools required to find peace within ourselves and among others. My job is not to fix, but to offer encouragement and guidance though listening and conversation. I specialize in issues related to peer and relationship issues, both premarital and marriage related. My concentration areas are couples. My goal is to help you, your partner and/or your family navigate life challenges.
(314) 501-9209 x704 View (314) 501-9209 x704
Photo of Juliana Varela, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Juliana Varela
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
(314) 591-5187 View (314) 591-5187
Photo of Nicole Neace, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Nicole Neace
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139  (Online Only)
It is never too late to begin deep and meaningful work reimagining how traumas or other experiences can become integrated, meaningful parts of our lives and ourselves, rather than barriers or obstacles. The key to this important work is the recognition that your story and has deep and significant meaning.  No detail is ultimately insignificant, if we can but muster the courage, patience, and presence required.  I will help you!  I am so eager to understand and explore with you, and help create a safe space that ultimately facilitates not just growth and transition, but true healing and transformation.
It is never too late to begin deep and meaningful work reimagining how traumas or other experiences can become integrated, meaningful parts of our lives and ourselves, rather than barriers or obstacles. The key to this important work is the recognition that your story and has deep and significant meaning.  No detail is ultimately insignificant, if we can but muster the courage, patience, and presence required.  I will help you!  I am so eager to understand and explore with you, and help create a safe space that ultimately facilitates not just growth and transition, but true healing and transformation.
(314) 370-1039 View (314) 370-1039
Photo of Stephene VandenBrink, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Stephene VandenBrink
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Life can present us with a myriad of troubles. Sometimes we get stuck in survival mode; we’ve spent years just getting by or we’ve been knee deep in struggle. Maybe you’re tired? Tired of sadness, anger, hopelessness, physical pain, and anxiety. You’re ready for change, but need someone you can be honest with. Someone who won’t judge you, but will gently help you walk in new paths and gain the freedom and healing that you long for.
Life can present us with a myriad of troubles. Sometimes we get stuck in survival mode; we’ve spent years just getting by or we’ve been knee deep in struggle. Maybe you’re tired? Tired of sadness, anger, hopelessness, physical pain, and anxiety. You’re ready for change, but need someone you can be honest with. Someone who won’t judge you, but will gently help you walk in new paths and gain the freedom and healing that you long for.
(314) 396-8460 View (314) 396-8460
Photo of Nicole Graham, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Nicole Graham
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Showing up as your authentic self in the world can be scary. Will I be accepted? Why am I the way that I am? What are these feelings I’m experiencing, and can I trust them? I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore and process all of these questions and more.
Showing up as your authentic self in the world can be scary. Will I be accepted? Why am I the way that I am? What are these feelings I’m experiencing, and can I trust them? I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore and process all of these questions and more.
(314) 794-6841 View (314) 794-6841
Photo of Sarah Howell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Sarah Howell
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63131
Are you feeling trapped in a dizzying maze of emotional distress and longing for deeper connections but struggling due to grief, unresolved trauma, or a loved one’s illness? Whether you're wrestling with the shadows of a difficult past, feeling the sting of relationship trauma, or navigating grief, I'm here to help. I understand the pain of feeling alone, stuck and craving a deeper connection. Picture yourself escaping the labyrinth of emotional distress and imagine the warmth and safety of a secure connection with yourself and others. Envision a future where you feel safe, secure, loved, and soothed.
Are you feeling trapped in a dizzying maze of emotional distress and longing for deeper connections but struggling due to grief, unresolved trauma, or a loved one’s illness? Whether you're wrestling with the shadows of a difficult past, feeling the sting of relationship trauma, or navigating grief, I'm here to help. I understand the pain of feeling alone, stuck and craving a deeper connection. Picture yourself escaping the labyrinth of emotional distress and imagine the warmth and safety of a secure connection with yourself and others. Envision a future where you feel safe, secure, loved, and soothed.
(314) 375-2696 View (314) 375-2696
Photo of Jordan Ferguson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jordan Ferguson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, She/Her
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Struggling with anxiety, irritability, depression, or navigating a life transition? Are your relationships feeling the impact? Living in a society that minimizes self-compassion, slowing down, and tuning into our bodies makes it hard to feel connected to ourselves and those around us. Add in traumatic life experiences and the world can easily become overwhelming leading our nervous systems to shift into states of survival. I work to create a non-judgmental space to explore these themes and strengthen the connection within yourself, your relationships, and the world around you.
Struggling with anxiety, irritability, depression, or navigating a life transition? Are your relationships feeling the impact? Living in a society that minimizes self-compassion, slowing down, and tuning into our bodies makes it hard to feel connected to ourselves and those around us. Add in traumatic life experiences and the world can easily become overwhelming leading our nervous systems to shift into states of survival. I work to create a non-judgmental space to explore these themes and strengthen the connection within yourself, your relationships, and the world around you.
(314) 789-3834 View (314) 789-3834
Photo of Gina L Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Gina L Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Are you struggling through life or feeling lost and directionless? Almost everyone needs help along life’s journey. Knowing ourselves deeply and understanding how our early experiences influence our current relationships and behaviors can help us improve our mood and change our lives. In my psychotherapy practice, I use a non-judgmental approach to help you open-mindedly evaluate your own life and to help you find alternative ways to view and solve your problems.
Are you struggling through life or feeling lost and directionless? Almost everyone needs help along life’s journey. Knowing ourselves deeply and understanding how our early experiences influence our current relationships and behaviors can help us improve our mood and change our lives. In my psychotherapy practice, I use a non-judgmental approach to help you open-mindedly evaluate your own life and to help you find alternative ways to view and solve your problems.
(314) 748-1498 View (314) 748-1498
Photo of Yasmira Emofor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Yasmira Emofor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCDP-D
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Have you felt like you are missing out on life? Have you felt like you are in a slump that you can’t dig yourself out off? Like you been struggling for so long without a break from the stress of it all? Whether your struggle is depression, anxiety, phobias or trauma, I am here to offer a safe space for you. What you want to feel is empowered, capable and resilient to handle the challenge; or ready to face down any fear. I've helped countless individuals! Let me help you reclaim your resiliency today!
Have you felt like you are missing out on life? Have you felt like you are in a slump that you can’t dig yourself out off? Like you been struggling for so long without a break from the stress of it all? Whether your struggle is depression, anxiety, phobias or trauma, I am here to offer a safe space for you. What you want to feel is empowered, capable and resilient to handle the challenge; or ready to face down any fear. I've helped countless individuals! Let me help you reclaim your resiliency today!
(314) 742-8208 View (314) 742-8208

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$127

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.