Therapists in Columbus, OH

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Photo of Elizabeth Gunther, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Elizabeth Gunther
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43215
I am a Spanish-speaking, geek, LGBTQ+ and Pagan-friendly therapist with experience in community and hospital settings. I enjoy working with clients to help them re-establish balance in their lives and return to their best selves while working through depression, anxiety, anger, grief, and many other challenges.
I am a Spanish-speaking, geek, LGBTQ+ and Pagan-friendly therapist with experience in community and hospital settings. I enjoy working with clients to help them re-establish balance in their lives and return to their best selves while working through depression, anxiety, anger, grief, and many other challenges.
(614) 953-2759 View (614) 953-2759
Photo of Yancey's Counseling Center LLC, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Yancey's Counseling Center LLC
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43204
" If you are struggling trying to understand why you are feeling less satisfied, feeling depressed, anxious, as well as stress from family dynamics. Maybe you've had some pretty traumatic experiences that are affecting areas of life and you need help with regaining a sense of peace, I can help.
" If you are struggling trying to understand why you are feeling less satisfied, feeling depressed, anxious, as well as stress from family dynamics. Maybe you've had some pretty traumatic experiences that are affecting areas of life and you need help with regaining a sense of peace, I can help.
(614) 714-4974 View (614) 714-4974
Photo of Michelle Murphy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbus, OH
Michelle Murphy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43206
I approach therapy from a holistic perspective that mind, body and spirit all work together for total wellness. Clients that are a good fit typically are looking to better themselves, to find joy in their day-to-day life, or are experiencing a life transition. I strive to help individuals elevate their life experience, and am a personable therapist that cares deeply about each of my clients. I am also a wife, mother, nature enthusiast, dog lover and wellness junkie. Connecting with people and allowing space for others to feel heard & understood is important to me.
I approach therapy from a holistic perspective that mind, body and spirit all work together for total wellness. Clients that are a good fit typically are looking to better themselves, to find joy in their day-to-day life, or are experiencing a life transition. I strive to help individuals elevate their life experience, and am a personable therapist that cares deeply about each of my clients. I am also a wife, mother, nature enthusiast, dog lover and wellness junkie. Connecting with people and allowing space for others to feel heard & understood is important to me.
(614) 482-1839 View (614) 482-1839
Photo of Courtney Derrick, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Courtney Derrick
Counselor, LPCC, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43213  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am passionate about helping people find a sense of happiness, authenticity and confidence. Are you having difficulty deciding what comes next in your life, maybe going through some big life transitions? Are you exploring who you are and on a journey of self-discovery? Do you doubt yourself, struggle with boundaries or imposter syndrome? I would love to help you find your inner strength and build the skills you need to feel confident and self-assured. I have been in the field almost ten years, and am experienced in working with anxiety, relationships, life transitions, self-worth, and whole body healing.
I am passionate about helping people find a sense of happiness, authenticity and confidence. Are you having difficulty deciding what comes next in your life, maybe going through some big life transitions? Are you exploring who you are and on a journey of self-discovery? Do you doubt yourself, struggle with boundaries or imposter syndrome? I would love to help you find your inner strength and build the skills you need to feel confident and self-assured. I have been in the field almost ten years, and am experienced in working with anxiety, relationships, life transitions, self-worth, and whole body healing.
(740) 326-4794 View (740) 326-4794
Photo of NOCD - Therapists for OCD, Counselor in Columbus, OH
NOCD - Therapists for OCD
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
Imagine what life would be like if you weren't bothered by OCD. NOCD is here to help you regain peace of mind. NOCD is a digital health company that’s focused on effectively treating people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Inside the NOCD mobile app, you can work with one of our licensed mental health therapists with specialty training in OCD. When your therapist isn’t available, access support communities and therapeutic tools - so that you are never alone. NOCD’s protocol has been proven to reduce OCD severity by 40% in less than 10 weeks.
Imagine what life would be like if you weren't bothered by OCD. NOCD is here to help you regain peace of mind. NOCD is a digital health company that’s focused on effectively treating people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Inside the NOCD mobile app, you can work with one of our licensed mental health therapists with specialty training in OCD. When your therapist isn’t available, access support communities and therapeutic tools - so that you are never alone. NOCD’s protocol has been proven to reduce OCD severity by 40% in less than 10 weeks.
(872) 242-1293 View (872) 242-1293
Photo of Mike Schaefer, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Mike Schaefer
Counselor, MSEd, PCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
Approaching life's changes is often accompanied by high levels of distress and feelings of being lost. I like working with persons in transition because of the tremendous opportunity for real change and growth that I have seen take place. I can help you tap into your inherent wisdom so you can walk with confidence on your own path. I work with individuals and couples during mid-life transitions, career changes (or a growing need for one), relationship changes, ongoing mood problems, excessive anxiety, and stresses associated with changes in religion/spiritual outlook.
Approaching life's changes is often accompanied by high levels of distress and feelings of being lost. I like working with persons in transition because of the tremendous opportunity for real change and growth that I have seen take place. I can help you tap into your inherent wisdom so you can walk with confidence on your own path. I work with individuals and couples during mid-life transitions, career changes (or a growing need for one), relationship changes, ongoing mood problems, excessive anxiety, and stresses associated with changes in religion/spiritual outlook.
(614) 470-5322 View (614) 470-5322
Photo of Robert William Frazier Jr., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Robert William Frazier Jr.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220  (Online Only)
I am currently accepting new clients via Telehealth due to COVID-19 (video conferencing or telephone). I provide a safe and confidential environment for healing; either in an individual or group setting. "We don't control what happens in life but we can challenge ourselves to control how we respond to life. That is our true strength and power". My experience in counseling those who struggle with life's overwhelming issues has allowed me to see the miracle that happens when they unlock their inner values and strength. I welcome you to join me in your journey to uncover, discover and recover the real you that was lost.
I am currently accepting new clients via Telehealth due to COVID-19 (video conferencing or telephone). I provide a safe and confidential environment for healing; either in an individual or group setting. "We don't control what happens in life but we can challenge ourselves to control how we respond to life. That is our true strength and power". My experience in counseling those who struggle with life's overwhelming issues has allowed me to see the miracle that happens when they unlock their inner values and strength. I welcome you to join me in your journey to uncover, discover and recover the real you that was lost.
(380) 205-8638 View (380) 205-8638
Photo of Keera Wilmoth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Keera Wilmoth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43235
Hey there, I'm Keera! You deserve a warm and inviting space to be authentically yourself without the fear of judgment. It is never too late to make a change in our lives to help us reach our goals. I believe that the opportunity to learn about and alongside clients is an incredible privilege, and I admire the decision to begin any healing journey. I work with clients with anxiety, substance use disorders, trauma, depression, stress, and life transitions.
Hey there, I'm Keera! You deserve a warm and inviting space to be authentically yourself without the fear of judgment. It is never too late to make a change in our lives to help us reach our goals. I believe that the opportunity to learn about and alongside clients is an incredible privilege, and I admire the decision to begin any healing journey. I work with clients with anxiety, substance use disorders, trauma, depression, stress, and life transitions.
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Photo of Paige Velez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Paige Velez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43230
I have an undergraduate degree from Charleston Southern University in Sociology and a Masters in Social Work from Wesleyan University. I have worked with adults, adolescents, children, and families for over 18 years. I specialize in depression, anxiety, PTSD, self-esteem issues, navigating conflict, boundary issues, and effective communication.
I have an undergraduate degree from Charleston Southern University in Sociology and a Masters in Social Work from Wesleyan University. I have worked with adults, adolescents, children, and families for over 18 years. I specialize in depression, anxiety, PTSD, self-esteem issues, navigating conflict, boundary issues, and effective communication.
(614) 412-3912 View (614) 412-3912
Photo of Karen Schneller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Columbus, OH
Karen Schneller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CEDS
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212
You are living a daily battle in your head about what you can eat, how much you should exercise, if you are worthy of taking up space. You are consumed by counting calories and by the negative voice inside that tells you, you’ll never be good enough or thin enough, smart enough or pretty enough. You are fed up with how the society/culture tells you how you should look and feel and behave. Your behaviors have you feeling exhausted and depleted and you wonder how you can go on another day. Others may think you have it all together on the outside, but the mental torture inside is killing you and feel like your life is shrinking.
You are living a daily battle in your head about what you can eat, how much you should exercise, if you are worthy of taking up space. You are consumed by counting calories and by the negative voice inside that tells you, you’ll never be good enough or thin enough, smart enough or pretty enough. You are fed up with how the society/culture tells you how you should look and feel and behave. Your behaviors have you feeling exhausted and depleted and you wonder how you can go on another day. Others may think you have it all together on the outside, but the mental torture inside is killing you and feel like your life is shrinking.
(614) 363-6187 View (614) 363-6187
Photo of Mandy Tata, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Mandy Tata
Counselor, LPCC-S, LICDC , NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43214
Hello and welcome, I assist individuals regarding a variety of concerns, including, anxiety & stress, trauma, depression, marital issues, relaxation, healthy coping skills, low self-esteem, life transitions, grief/loss, and communication issues. Some interventions I utilize are integrative, EMDR trained, CBT, eclectic, person-centered therapy, solution focused, and trauma informed care. My approach consists of collaborating with each individual based on their goals/values, unconditional positive regard, and building rapport and trust as establishing a strong therapeutic alliance.
Hello and welcome, I assist individuals regarding a variety of concerns, including, anxiety & stress, trauma, depression, marital issues, relaxation, healthy coping skills, low self-esteem, life transitions, grief/loss, and communication issues. Some interventions I utilize are integrative, EMDR trained, CBT, eclectic, person-centered therapy, solution focused, and trauma informed care. My approach consists of collaborating with each individual based on their goals/values, unconditional positive regard, and building rapport and trust as establishing a strong therapeutic alliance.
(614) 681-8552 View (614) 681-8552
Photo of Evan Wilkerson, Licensed Social Worker in Columbus, OH
Evan Wilkerson
Licensed Social Worker, MSW, LSW, RYT-200
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43230
My background includes working with clients on a broad spectrum of therapeutic goals — including substance use disorders, anxiety, depression, LGBTQ issues, anger management and more. My counseling philosophy is based on the understanding that no matter what we have experienced, there is an aspect of us all that is whole and complete just as it is. By continually orienting to this ground of wholeness, I believe we can fundamentally alter our relationship to our problems — shifting them from something that defines us to something that simply needs to be met, understood, and resolved.
My background includes working with clients on a broad spectrum of therapeutic goals — including substance use disorders, anxiety, depression, LGBTQ issues, anger management and more. My counseling philosophy is based on the understanding that no matter what we have experienced, there is an aspect of us all that is whole and complete just as it is. By continually orienting to this ground of wholeness, I believe we can fundamentally alter our relationship to our problems — shifting them from something that defines us to something that simply needs to be met, understood, and resolved.
(380) 207-9660 View (380) 207-9660
Photo of Katherine Brailer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Katherine Brailer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212
Kate Brailer is a Licensed Social Worker Trainee through the State of Ohio Counselor, Social Worker, and Marriage and Family Therapy Board. Kate earned her Bachelors of Arts in Sociology from The Ohio State University, and is currently pursuing her Master's Degree in Social Work at Ohio State as well. She is interested in working with young folks and adults struggling with depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ related concerns, academic issues, and trauma/PTSD. Her clinical passion lies in helping folks overcome life's challenges and develop a stronger relationship with themselves by fostering a compassionate and non-judgmental space.
Kate Brailer is a Licensed Social Worker Trainee through the State of Ohio Counselor, Social Worker, and Marriage and Family Therapy Board. Kate earned her Bachelors of Arts in Sociology from The Ohio State University, and is currently pursuing her Master's Degree in Social Work at Ohio State as well. She is interested in working with young folks and adults struggling with depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ related concerns, academic issues, and trauma/PTSD. Her clinical passion lies in helping folks overcome life's challenges and develop a stronger relationship with themselves by fostering a compassionate and non-judgmental space.
(380) 205-0347 View (380) 205-0347
Photo of Emily Reardon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Columbus, OH
Emily Reardon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, IMFT
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
I present to therapy in the same way I present to all relationships in my life: a focus on authentic connection and a strong belief in the innate goodness of people. I believe that the therapeutic relationship plays an integral role in the process of navigating acceptance versus change with my clients. This means that I commit to bringing my true, authentic self to the room, when I am asking the same vulnerability of my clients. I work hard to ensure that my clients feel both validated and challenged to find balance and joy in their complex, overwhelming lives. I hold strongly that my clients already have the capabilities they need.
I present to therapy in the same way I present to all relationships in my life: a focus on authentic connection and a strong belief in the innate goodness of people. I believe that the therapeutic relationship plays an integral role in the process of navigating acceptance versus change with my clients. This means that I commit to bringing my true, authentic self to the room, when I am asking the same vulnerability of my clients. I work hard to ensure that my clients feel both validated and challenged to find balance and joy in their complex, overwhelming lives. I hold strongly that my clients already have the capabilities they need.
(614) 714-6065 View (614) 714-6065
Photo of Alexandra Restelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Alexandra Restelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212  (Online Only)
Alexandra Restelli is a Licensed Independent Social Worker (LISW) who offers her clients a safe and nurturing space in order to begin the healing and rebuilding process, using her more than 5 years of clinical experience to provide individual counseling, family counseling, crisis assessments, interventions, adolescent therapy, and more. She specializes in treating chronic stress, dysfunctional relationships, co-occurring disorders, and disorders ranging from anxiety, depression, ADHD, to PTSD and panic disorders. Alexandra earned her Master's degree in Social Work from Ohio State University.
Alexandra Restelli is a Licensed Independent Social Worker (LISW) who offers her clients a safe and nurturing space in order to begin the healing and rebuilding process, using her more than 5 years of clinical experience to provide individual counseling, family counseling, crisis assessments, interventions, adolescent therapy, and more. She specializes in treating chronic stress, dysfunctional relationships, co-occurring disorders, and disorders ranging from anxiety, depression, ADHD, to PTSD and panic disorders. Alexandra earned her Master's degree in Social Work from Ohio State University.
(614) 591-7155 View (614) 591-7155
Photo of Ellen S Grudowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbus, OH
Ellen S Grudowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43202  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I use an eclectic therapeutic approach to focus on the unique needs of each individual client. Some modalities used include; Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral, Humanistic, Family Systems, Strength-Based, and Solution Focused therapy. I have evening availability and work Monday - Saturday.
I use an eclectic therapeutic approach to focus on the unique needs of each individual client. Some modalities used include; Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral, Humanistic, Family Systems, Strength-Based, and Solution Focused therapy. I have evening availability and work Monday - Saturday.
(614) 705-2743 View (614) 705-2743
Photo of Cary Sanders, Counselor in Columbus, OH
Cary Sanders
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215  (Online Only)
It is with much admiration and respect that I engage with clients in the journey to wellness. As a therapist, I have always believed in the strength of the individual to heal. I have a depth of knowledge in how trauma impacts individuals. It is part of who we are, but doesn’t need to define us. It can be difficult to seek help when things seem overwhelming and that is why I have always tried to create a warm, compassionate and safe environment for clients so they can feel accepted wherever they might be in their journey of self discovery and growth.
It is with much admiration and respect that I engage with clients in the journey to wellness. As a therapist, I have always believed in the strength of the individual to heal. I have a depth of knowledge in how trauma impacts individuals. It is part of who we are, but doesn’t need to define us. It can be difficult to seek help when things seem overwhelming and that is why I have always tried to create a warm, compassionate and safe environment for clients so they can feel accepted wherever they might be in their journey of self discovery and growth.
(380) 205-9915 View (380) 205-9915
Photo of Sierra White, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Columbus, OH
Sierra White
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43219
Sierra White is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2019. She received her BA in Psychology from Kent State University and her MA in Counseling from Ashland Theological Seminary. Sierra specializes in helping people identify and achieve their personal goals by coping with the issues that are causing them depression, anxiety, and stress. She takes great pride in the progress and success of her clients and looks forward to helping you. Outside of work, Sierra spends time with her family in the community.
Sierra White is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2019. She received her BA in Psychology from Kent State University and her MA in Counseling from Ashland Theological Seminary. Sierra specializes in helping people identify and achieve their personal goals by coping with the issues that are causing them depression, anxiety, and stress. She takes great pride in the progress and success of her clients and looks forward to helping you. Outside of work, Sierra spends time with her family in the community.
(614) 810-8736 View (614) 810-8736
Photo of Anne E Joliot, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Anne E Joliot
Psychologist, PhD, LICDC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212  (Online Only)
“Nothing is ever truly broken” that’s the philosophy behind an ancient Japanese art which repairs broken pottery using seams of gold. Inspired by this art of mending scars, my hope is that you can become the best vessel to your life. “We can’t go back and change the beginning, but we can start where we are and change the end.” I aspire to help you explore in a safe way what has hindered you from living fully. By letting go of fears, regrets, we can bring acceptance and peace so that our lives manifest our full potential and true self. With 20 yrs of experience in various presenting issues and interventions used.
“Nothing is ever truly broken” that’s the philosophy behind an ancient Japanese art which repairs broken pottery using seams of gold. Inspired by this art of mending scars, my hope is that you can become the best vessel to your life. “We can’t go back and change the beginning, but we can start where we are and change the end.” I aspire to help you explore in a safe way what has hindered you from living fully. By letting go of fears, regrets, we can bring acceptance and peace so that our lives manifest our full potential and true self. With 20 yrs of experience in various presenting issues and interventions used.
(614) 980-0462 View (614) 980-0462
Photo of Scott Deatherage, Psychologist in Columbus, OH
Scott Deatherage
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43221
I provide assessment and treatment for people struggling with a range of psychological challenges, particularly those with a history of traumatic or stressful events. I offer a collaborative relationship to help them explore the complexities in their lives. I particularly enjoy helping individuals and couples explore and understand the impacts their history, thoughts, and emotions have on their behaviors so they can begin making immediate and sustained changes in their lives and their relationships.
I provide assessment and treatment for people struggling with a range of psychological challenges, particularly those with a history of traumatic or stressful events. I offer a collaborative relationship to help them explore the complexities in their lives. I particularly enjoy helping individuals and couples explore and understand the impacts their history, thoughts, and emotions have on their behaviors so they can begin making immediate and sustained changes in their lives and their relationships.
(380) 208-1752 View (380) 208-1752

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbus, OH

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Columbus, OH who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
72% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
67% Relationship Issues
64% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbus, OH see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbus?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.