Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Billie Vesely, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Billie Vesely
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
I bring 30 years of licensed experience in psychotherapy, an investment in your personal wellbeing, and a series of evidenced-based, holistic tools to our work together. I am a proponent in the effectiveness of using neurofeedback/neurostimulation in combination with talk therapy to help you meet your goals faster and more effectively. My clinic is experienced in using neurostimulation technologies—such as tDCS, tACS, photobiomodulation, and pEMF—alongside traditional neurofeedback to help lead you to an optimized life of good-quality sleep, reduced stress, and an improved ability to focus, concentrate, and meet goals.
I bring 30 years of licensed experience in psychotherapy, an investment in your personal wellbeing, and a series of evidenced-based, holistic tools to our work together. I am a proponent in the effectiveness of using neurofeedback/neurostimulation in combination with talk therapy to help you meet your goals faster and more effectively. My clinic is experienced in using neurostimulation technologies—such as tDCS, tACS, photobiomodulation, and pEMF—alongside traditional neurofeedback to help lead you to an optimized life of good-quality sleep, reduced stress, and an improved ability to focus, concentrate, and meet goals.
(520) 261-0448 View (520) 261-0448
Photo of Hunter Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Hunter Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85745
My time as a guide in the Alaskan Rainforest taught me many truths: the thrill of wilderness air, the sacred language of native poetry and art, and, perhaps most notably, the realization that all life is deeply interwoven. At 4 Tree Therapy, we sustain that each core aspect of a person - their spiritual, mental, physical, and social selves - requires dedicated and meaningful nurturing, and that each of these "trees" uplifts the others - just as the neighboring trees in a forest work together as one.
My time as a guide in the Alaskan Rainforest taught me many truths: the thrill of wilderness air, the sacred language of native poetry and art, and, perhaps most notably, the realization that all life is deeply interwoven. At 4 Tree Therapy, we sustain that each core aspect of a person - their spiritual, mental, physical, and social selves - requires dedicated and meaningful nurturing, and that each of these "trees" uplifts the others - just as the neighboring trees in a forest work together as one.
(520) 376-0746 View (520) 376-0746
Photo of Michelle Rosenbalm, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Michelle Rosenbalm
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85731  (Online Only)
I believe therapy should be a place for clients to feel safe, heard, understood, and supported. I recognize the difficulty associated with seeking help and acknowledge the bravery in being able to do so. My approach is warm, genuine, and collaborative. I focus on creating a non-judgmental space that creates awareness and allows clients to work towards making changes in order to improve the relationship with yourself, and others.  
I believe therapy should be a place for clients to feel safe, heard, understood, and supported. I recognize the difficulty associated with seeking help and acknowledge the bravery in being able to do so. My approach is warm, genuine, and collaborative. I focus on creating a non-judgmental space that creates awareness and allows clients to work towards making changes in order to improve the relationship with yourself, and others.  
(520) 729-9904 View (520) 729-9904
Photo of Sylvia K Neal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Sylvia K Neal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85741
Sylvia K. Neal, MSW, LCSW, PLLC, is a licensed clinical social worker specializing in the field of sexual abuse and trauma. She has worked in this area for over 20 years starting with female adult survivors of sexual abuse and sexual assault and has dedicated much of her work to the area of sexual abuse, incest, perpetration and sexual acting out. She has extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, addictions, anger, violence and abuse.
Sylvia K. Neal, MSW, LCSW, PLLC, is a licensed clinical social worker specializing in the field of sexual abuse and trauma. She has worked in this area for over 20 years starting with female adult survivors of sexual abuse and sexual assault and has dedicated much of her work to the area of sexual abuse, incest, perpetration and sexual acting out. She has extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, addictions, anger, violence and abuse.
(520) 704-9137 View (520) 704-9137
Photo of Lisa Gollenberg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Lisa Gollenberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT™
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85719
Not accepting new clients
Hi there! My passion is helping children grow and flourish, whether that means helping them cope with big emotions, feel more connected in their families and social communities, heal from trauma, build confidence and self-esteem, or learn some practical skills for daily life. I believe in the power of relationship and helping a child feel seen, understood, and affirmed in the face of whatever life difficulties they are working through. My approach is playful, strengths-based, compassionate, creative, flexible, and affirming of diversity of all kinds.
Hi there! My passion is helping children grow and flourish, whether that means helping them cope with big emotions, feel more connected in their families and social communities, heal from trauma, build confidence and self-esteem, or learn some practical skills for daily life. I believe in the power of relationship and helping a child feel seen, understood, and affirmed in the face of whatever life difficulties they are working through. My approach is playful, strengths-based, compassionate, creative, flexible, and affirming of diversity of all kinds.
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Photo of Stephanie Keoseyan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Stephanie Keoseyan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
I have worked with a diverse clientele in a variety of settings. I've worked with children and teens with behavioral and school issues with histories of abuse and neglect in low-income communities in Boston, adults with trauma, mood, and substance-use disorders in a high end residential program, and inmates in the state prison. While every person I've worked with has been unique in their history, needs, and goals, I find that I can always find something to connect with. This connection can become life-changing when the client is motivated, willing to be uncomfortable and ultimately ready to move from discomfort to peace.
I have worked with a diverse clientele in a variety of settings. I've worked with children and teens with behavioral and school issues with histories of abuse and neglect in low-income communities in Boston, adults with trauma, mood, and substance-use disorders in a high end residential program, and inmates in the state prison. While every person I've worked with has been unique in their history, needs, and goals, I find that I can always find something to connect with. This connection can become life-changing when the client is motivated, willing to be uncomfortable and ultimately ready to move from discomfort to peace.
(520) 655-6412 View (520) 655-6412
Photo of Alison McCabe, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Alison McCabe
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
Not accepting new clients
Hi there, and welcome. Let’s talk about the challenges that brought you here. Let’s also talk about the strength. Whether you’re giving therapy a first try, or another chance, I know it’s not easy. But we’re both here because of our shared belief that things can improve with the right support. Now let’s nurture your belief - in therapy and, most importantly, in yourself. You can change harmful behaviors that take more than they give. You can validate your past trauma and get out from under it. You can meet your emotional needs that were not met while growing up. You can learn to more fully love yourself and, in turn, receive love.
Hi there, and welcome. Let’s talk about the challenges that brought you here. Let’s also talk about the strength. Whether you’re giving therapy a first try, or another chance, I know it’s not easy. But we’re both here because of our shared belief that things can improve with the right support. Now let’s nurture your belief - in therapy and, most importantly, in yourself. You can change harmful behaviors that take more than they give. You can validate your past trauma and get out from under it. You can meet your emotional needs that were not met while growing up. You can learn to more fully love yourself and, in turn, receive love.
(908) 583-0376 View (908) 583-0376
Photo of Desert Lotus Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Desert Lotus Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Young adulthood is an exciting time of growth and change. It can also be a time of stress and uncertainty as you navigate new directions in your life. During this time, we often feel challenged by new phases in our work, school, and relationships. You are moving toward independence and forming your identity while dealing with questions about your future. You may be struggling with your sense of meaning and purpose, or afraid to disappoint your family. Old coping skills aren't as effective anymore, or you may be concerned about your ability to cope in healthy ways. Having a safe space to work through these issues is so important!
Young adulthood is an exciting time of growth and change. It can also be a time of stress and uncertainty as you navigate new directions in your life. During this time, we often feel challenged by new phases in our work, school, and relationships. You are moving toward independence and forming your identity while dealing with questions about your future. You may be struggling with your sense of meaning and purpose, or afraid to disappoint your family. Old coping skills aren't as effective anymore, or you may be concerned about your ability to cope in healthy ways. Having a safe space to work through these issues is so important!
(520) 341-5409 View (520) 341-5409
Photo of Bill Glass, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Bill Glass
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, BS, LSAT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
My hope is that people desperately in need will read this and be persuaded to call. What I offer is a solution and a sincere desire to be helpful.
My hope is that people desperately in need will read this and be persuaded to call. What I offer is a solution and a sincere desire to be helpful.
(520) 597-5528 View (520) 597-5528
Photo of Mindful Sex and Relationship Therapy, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Mindful Sex and Relationship Therapy, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Are you tired of feeling "stuck" in a repetitive pattern with your partner and it just won't stop no matter what you do? Do you have low sexual desire and you are concerned it won't come back? Have you been told you have a sex/porn addiction? Are you polyamorous and having a hard time with jealousy or fear?
Are you tired of feeling "stuck" in a repetitive pattern with your partner and it just won't stop no matter what you do? Do you have low sexual desire and you are concerned it won't come back? Have you been told you have a sex/porn addiction? Are you polyamorous and having a hard time with jealousy or fear?
(520) 391-9503 View (520) 391-9503
Photo of Randall W Rutherford, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Randall W Rutherford
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LASAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
To the untrained eye, addiction can look like a lack of willpower or weakness, and I want to help the client understand the problem as well as the solution and help them develop an escape plan long before the world closes in on them. I also believe that addiction is typically not the primary problem, but usually an attempt to solve a problem, so understanding the underlying issues that are typically rooted in trauma provides for a more complete recovery with less likelihood of relapse. I want to work with clients BEFORE it's too late, and residential treatment becomes the only option.
To the untrained eye, addiction can look like a lack of willpower or weakness, and I want to help the client understand the problem as well as the solution and help them develop an escape plan long before the world closes in on them. I also believe that addiction is typically not the primary problem, but usually an attempt to solve a problem, so understanding the underlying issues that are typically rooted in trauma provides for a more complete recovery with less likelihood of relapse. I want to work with clients BEFORE it's too late, and residential treatment becomes the only option.
(520) 402-3050 x704 View (520) 402-3050 x704
Photo of Ashlee Victoria Welsh, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Ashlee Victoria Welsh
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85730
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! My name is Ashlee and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am from Colorado but have recently moved to Arizona to get my Ph.D in Counselor Education at the University of Arizona. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including family systems issues, depression, anxiety, ADHD, self-harm, relationship issues, and more. I also am a licensed School Counselor and have experience working with adolescents and their families.
Hello! My name is Ashlee and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am from Colorado but have recently moved to Arizona to get my Ph.D in Counselor Education at the University of Arizona. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including family systems issues, depression, anxiety, ADHD, self-harm, relationship issues, and more. I also am a licensed School Counselor and have experience working with adolescents and their families.
(520) 394-8357 View (520) 394-8357
Photo of Aisha L Forman in Tucson, AZ
Aisha L Forman
MS
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
I understand that sometimes life can be a challenge and may become difficult to navigate on your own. I am here to offer you unwavering support throughout your journey, empowering you to overcome any obstacles that come your way. My main goal is to provide you with a safe and judgement-free space where you can openly and honestly process your thoughts, feelings and emotions. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship, and will work to help you gain insight, develop coping skills, and find solutions.
I understand that sometimes life can be a challenge and may become difficult to navigate on your own. I am here to offer you unwavering support throughout your journey, empowering you to overcome any obstacles that come your way. My main goal is to provide you with a safe and judgement-free space where you can openly and honestly process your thoughts, feelings and emotions. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship, and will work to help you gain insight, develop coping skills, and find solutions.
(520) 499-0768 View (520) 499-0768
Photo of Monica Neal, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Monica Neal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Personality Disorder Treatment Provider (C-PD), as well as a Certified Mood Disorder Professional (CMDP). I work with individuals ages 14 and older, and I specialize in woman's issues, life transitions, a s well as working with individuals who are diagnosed with ADHD, anxiety, personality disorders, mood disorders, trauma, anxiety, depression (as well as treatment resistant depression), suicidal and self-harming behaviors. I'm committed to helping individuals learn how to start, or get back to, living a productive life.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Personality Disorder Treatment Provider (C-PD), as well as a Certified Mood Disorder Professional (CMDP). I work with individuals ages 14 and older, and I specialize in woman's issues, life transitions, a s well as working with individuals who are diagnosed with ADHD, anxiety, personality disorders, mood disorders, trauma, anxiety, depression (as well as treatment resistant depression), suicidal and self-harming behaviors. I'm committed to helping individuals learn how to start, or get back to, living a productive life.
(520) 412-7308 x1 View (520) 412-7308 x1
Photo of Janeen Bly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Janeen Bly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85741  (Online Only)
I believe therapy is a safe place for growth and healing. When we experience challenges or obstacles in our life, it’s important to have a validating environment to work on these issues. I am a licensed Mental Health Counselor with a private practice in Tucson, Arizona. I work with individuals, couples, family, and provide group therapy. I also offer weekend appointments based on availability.
I believe therapy is a safe place for growth and healing. When we experience challenges or obstacles in our life, it’s important to have a validating environment to work on these issues. I am a licensed Mental Health Counselor with a private practice in Tucson, Arizona. I work with individuals, couples, family, and provide group therapy. I also offer weekend appointments based on availability.
(520) 337-2299 View (520) 337-2299
Photo of Susan Reese, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Susan Reese
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718  (Online Only)
With over 40 years of experience as a psychologist and an additional intensive training to become a psychoanalyst, I consider myself fortunate in that my professional life is also my passion. I'm immersed in the study and practice of insight oriented psychotherapy and psychoanalysis and am currently on the Board and Faculty of the Arizona Center for Psychoanalytic Studies. Additionally I'm an adjunct faculty member with an appointment at the level of Clinical Assistant Professor at Arizona Health Sciences Center. There I have been involved in the training and supervision of psychiatric residents for more than a decade.
With over 40 years of experience as a psychologist and an additional intensive training to become a psychoanalyst, I consider myself fortunate in that my professional life is also my passion. I'm immersed in the study and practice of insight oriented psychotherapy and psychoanalysis and am currently on the Board and Faculty of the Arizona Center for Psychoanalytic Studies. Additionally I'm an adjunct faculty member with an appointment at the level of Clinical Assistant Professor at Arizona Health Sciences Center. There I have been involved in the training and supervision of psychiatric residents for more than a decade.
(520) 299-7191 View (520) 299-7191
Photo of Cato Counseling & Consulting, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Cato Counseling & Consulting, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, DARe
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85742  (Online Only)
Note: Potential clients only, no soliciting. I have been a clinician in residential treatment for over 10 years. During that time, I treated adults of all ages with a myriad of issues. Since everyone's needs are different, I have learned to adapt my approach to the individual and their particular goals. Self-motivation to find healing is paramount to beginning the healing process. I primarily work with professionals and those willing to pursue treatment on their own. Additionally, I am a clinical supervisor and also work with Somatic Experiencing students to assist them with obtaining their certification. My practice is Telehealth.
Note: Potential clients only, no soliciting. I have been a clinician in residential treatment for over 10 years. During that time, I treated adults of all ages with a myriad of issues. Since everyone's needs are different, I have learned to adapt my approach to the individual and their particular goals. Self-motivation to find healing is paramount to beginning the healing process. I primarily work with professionals and those willing to pursue treatment on their own. Additionally, I am a clinical supervisor and also work with Somatic Experiencing students to assist them with obtaining their certification. My practice is Telehealth.
(520) 277-2788 View (520) 277-2788
Photo of Steve Rosalik, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Steve Rosalik
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Waitlist for new clients
Whether you need to do some healing or just want some help sorting yourself out, we can do that together. Anything from the very small (counseling) to the very large (trauma-focused psychotherapy with internal family systems or IFS), or doing energetic and somatic work (trauma and tension release exercises or TRE), I offer to follow or guide you on whatever journey you need to take. Part of this journey may be building skills or developing coping strategies. Another part may be forming a totally new relationship to whatever challenges you face, whether those challenges seem to be outside or inside of you.
Whether you need to do some healing or just want some help sorting yourself out, we can do that together. Anything from the very small (counseling) to the very large (trauma-focused psychotherapy with internal family systems or IFS), or doing energetic and somatic work (trauma and tension release exercises or TRE), I offer to follow or guide you on whatever journey you need to take. Part of this journey may be building skills or developing coping strategies. Another part may be forming a totally new relationship to whatever challenges you face, whether those challenges seem to be outside or inside of you.
(520) 591-9428 View (520) 591-9428
Photo of Luis Monreal Jr, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Luis Monreal Jr
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
Not accepting new clients
Telehealth Only - Have you been feeling unhappy and disconnected, almost as if running on autopilot? Do you often feel like no matter how much you accomplish, it's never enough? Are you worrying throughout your day, feeling guarded with those around you? Is it hard to ask for what you need from others, and often feel resentful and unhappy in relationships? You are not alone and deserve support during these challenging times.
Telehealth Only - Have you been feeling unhappy and disconnected, almost as if running on autopilot? Do you often feel like no matter how much you accomplish, it's never enough? Are you worrying throughout your day, feeling guarded with those around you? Is it hard to ask for what you need from others, and often feel resentful and unhappy in relationships? You are not alone and deserve support during these challenging times.
(520) 636-6374 View (520) 636-6374
Photo of Christine Acosta, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Christine Acosta
Counselor, MA, LAC, CYT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
Waitlist for new clients
My approach is holistic and acknowledges that each person is unique with diverse interests, strengths, goals, weaknesses, and fears. I believe we continue to learn and grow throughout our lives, and we all have the capacity within ourselves for positive change. Sometimes we can feel overwhelmed by life circumstances or stuck in the patterns of our lives. We might be experiencing depression or anxiety. We could be going through a life transition or just everyday stress. Or maybe we are on a journey to heal after trauma or loss. Whatever it may be, sometimes we need help and support along the way.
My approach is holistic and acknowledges that each person is unique with diverse interests, strengths, goals, weaknesses, and fears. I believe we continue to learn and grow throughout our lives, and we all have the capacity within ourselves for positive change. Sometimes we can feel overwhelmed by life circumstances or stuck in the patterns of our lives. We might be experiencing depression or anxiety. We could be going through a life transition or just everyday stress. Or maybe we are on a journey to heal after trauma or loss. Whatever it may be, sometimes we need help and support along the way.
(520) 394-8718 View (520) 394-8718

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Self Esteem
78% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.