Therapists in Bloomington, IN

Photo of Amanda McKenzie, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Amanda McKenzie
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47408  (Online Only)
Healthy relationships are possible! Learning evidenced-based relationship skills will improve your connection with partners, friends, family members, coworkers, children, and most importantly, with yourself! My passions are to help adults recover from past relationship wounds, rewire negative messages about self-worth/love/relating, increase your ability to trust yourself and others, recognize signs of health vs. toxicity, and learn skills to maintain healthy love and emotional health once you have it! www.CalendulaCounseling.com
Healthy relationships are possible! Learning evidenced-based relationship skills will improve your connection with partners, friends, family members, coworkers, children, and most importantly, with yourself! My passions are to help adults recover from past relationship wounds, rewire negative messages about self-worth/love/relating, increase your ability to trust yourself and others, recognize signs of health vs. toxicity, and learn skills to maintain healthy love and emotional health once you have it! www.CalendulaCounseling.com
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Photo of Ellie Benz, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Ellie Benz
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is healing, growth, and recovery. I am passionate about providing you with a safe environment to explore your wants and needs, and find the best version of yourself. I believe in empowerment and resilience. Together, we will learn and practice coping skills of mindfulness, being present, and grounding, to help you manage life. With a non-judgmental, supportive, curious, and challenging approach, we will work on facing your inner critic to become your own best friend while identifying personal identity traits. I encourage building agency to take accountability in personal healing, growth, and recovery.
Therapy is healing, growth, and recovery. I am passionate about providing you with a safe environment to explore your wants and needs, and find the best version of yourself. I believe in empowerment and resilience. Together, we will learn and practice coping skills of mindfulness, being present, and grounding, to help you manage life. With a non-judgmental, supportive, curious, and challenging approach, we will work on facing your inner critic to become your own best friend while identifying personal identity traits. I encourage building agency to take accountability in personal healing, growth, and recovery.
(812) 220-3399 View (812) 220-3399
Photo of Gilbert R Marsh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Gilbert R Marsh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47401
People are often not aware of all the factors affecting their emotions and behavior because they reside at the unconscious level outside of our awareness. These unconscious issues may cause physical symptoms, emotional pain and frustration, or problems in working and relating. The unconscious mind cannot be dealt with directly by reading, journaling, self help advice, or well intentioned suggestions from family or friends. Medication alone and quick-fix therapy are usually inadequate.
People are often not aware of all the factors affecting their emotions and behavior because they reside at the unconscious level outside of our awareness. These unconscious issues may cause physical symptoms, emotional pain and frustration, or problems in working and relating. The unconscious mind cannot be dealt with directly by reading, journaling, self help advice, or well intentioned suggestions from family or friends. Medication alone and quick-fix therapy are usually inadequate.
(314) 227-9723 View (314) 227-9723
Photo of Brandt Badger, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Brandt Badger
Counselor, LMHCA, NCC, MSEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomington, IN 47403
With individuals, couples, and especially parents, my passion is helping you heal from pain and find the bravest parts of yourself.
With individuals, couples, and especially parents, my passion is helping you heal from pain and find the bravest parts of yourself.
(812) 370-4988 View (812) 370-4988
Photo of Gabrielle Erceg, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Gabrielle Erceg
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47401  (Online Only)
I work with a wide range of clients dealing with issues related to life transitions, relationship problems, young adult issues, depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, mood disorders, and more. I can help you make and maintain the changes you are striving for, explore your goals, build a commitment to your future, and take the power back in your life.
I work with a wide range of clients dealing with issues related to life transitions, relationship problems, young adult issues, depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, mood disorders, and more. I can help you make and maintain the changes you are striving for, explore your goals, build a commitment to your future, and take the power back in your life.
(812) 308-4278 View (812) 308-4278
Photo of Kristin Sheikh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Kristin Sheikh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47404
Welcome to The Center For Somatic Healing! If you feel like you've tried everything to move beyond the pain, loss, or abuse you've experienced, you're not alone. Regular talk therapy can help, but sometimes you need more.
Welcome to The Center For Somatic Healing! If you feel like you've tried everything to move beyond the pain, loss, or abuse you've experienced, you're not alone. Regular talk therapy can help, but sometimes you need more.
(812) 301-8752 View (812) 301-8752
Photo of Debby Rogers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Debby Rogers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47401
Hi, I am Debby and I am accepting new clients. I work with Individuals, Couples, Families, Adolescents, and children. I provide in-person sessions by appointment only and I provide telehealth to anyone in Indiana by appointment. I have worked as a private practitioner since 1994, before that, I advocated and lobbied for social services for my clients, I ran a BB/BS program for kids, and then went into private practice where I worked in Greenwood, IN, and Bloomington, IN. I bring a variety of skills that provide supportive therapies for my clients. I look forward to working with you on your issues, needs, and goals.
Hi, I am Debby and I am accepting new clients. I work with Individuals, Couples, Families, Adolescents, and children. I provide in-person sessions by appointment only and I provide telehealth to anyone in Indiana by appointment. I have worked as a private practitioner since 1994, before that, I advocated and lobbied for social services for my clients, I ran a BB/BS program for kids, and then went into private practice where I worked in Greenwood, IN, and Bloomington, IN. I bring a variety of skills that provide supportive therapies for my clients. I look forward to working with you on your issues, needs, and goals.
(812) 807-4063 View (812) 807-4063
Photo of Dauntless Counseling and Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Dauntless Counseling and Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47401  (Online Only)
When you have suffered trauma, you learn early on that you can not say "no". As a result, maybe you struggle with people pleasing, saying "yes" to whatever comes up to avoid conflict, and hopefully, demonstrate your value. Maybe you feel like you can't trust yourself, can't trust others, and are destined to live a life of powerlessness and shame. When was the last time you remember having good sleep? The last you felt good enough? Safe? Whole? Or maybe you are concerned about ailing relationships in your life; be they with family, friends, or your partner? Maybe you want to feel closer to others but don't know how? We can help.
When you have suffered trauma, you learn early on that you can not say "no". As a result, maybe you struggle with people pleasing, saying "yes" to whatever comes up to avoid conflict, and hopefully, demonstrate your value. Maybe you feel like you can't trust yourself, can't trust others, and are destined to live a life of powerlessness and shame. When was the last time you remember having good sleep? The last you felt good enough? Safe? Whole? Or maybe you are concerned about ailing relationships in your life; be they with family, friends, or your partner? Maybe you want to feel closer to others but don't know how? We can help.
(812) 393-2359 View (812) 393-2359
Photo of Emma Jean McEvilly, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Emma Jean McEvilly
Counselor, MSEd, CYT1000
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403
I specialize in helping people of all ages in managing the symptoms of trauma, stress, depression, anxiety, neurodiversity, disordered eating, body image, and more. I am particularly keen on working with people interested in spirtual wellness. I serve all ages, but especially kids to young adults and older adults. I am passionate about working with veterans, LGBTQIA folx, and culturally diverse peoples. I bring warmth, positivity,  kindness, and compassion to my work. I have the utmost regard for each client's unique life story, personality, and goals. I aspire to make you feel seen, heard, and valued as the individual that you are.
I specialize in helping people of all ages in managing the symptoms of trauma, stress, depression, anxiety, neurodiversity, disordered eating, body image, and more. I am particularly keen on working with people interested in spirtual wellness. I serve all ages, but especially kids to young adults and older adults. I am passionate about working with veterans, LGBTQIA folx, and culturally diverse peoples. I bring warmth, positivity,  kindness, and compassion to my work. I have the utmost regard for each client's unique life story, personality, and goals. I aspire to make you feel seen, heard, and valued as the individual that you are.
(812) 502-5234 View (812) 502-5234
Photo of Brittany Devine, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Brittany Devine
Counselor, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47408
I help anxious and highly sensitive women find and experience peace. You may hear things like, “You’re too sensitive,” or “You’re overthinking.” If you’d like to reframe those messages about your sensitivity into strengths while exploring ways to build a life and create the environment you will thrive in, I can help! I use a gentle approach to help clients quiet their anxious mind and step into wholehearted and joyful living. Together we will explore your story with curiosity and empathy to develop self awareness, self-compassion and the confidence to embrace your true self and purpose.
I help anxious and highly sensitive women find and experience peace. You may hear things like, “You’re too sensitive,” or “You’re overthinking.” If you’d like to reframe those messages about your sensitivity into strengths while exploring ways to build a life and create the environment you will thrive in, I can help! I use a gentle approach to help clients quiet their anxious mind and step into wholehearted and joyful living. Together we will explore your story with curiosity and empathy to develop self awareness, self-compassion and the confidence to embrace your true self and purpose.
(812) 487-4244 View (812) 487-4244
Photo of Tamara Kirby, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Tamara Kirby
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LAC, CRADC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403  (Online Only)
Today you are one step closer to a new you where you feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. As a solution-focused addictions counselor and coach, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary counseling approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
Today you are one step closer to a new you where you feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. As a solution-focused addictions counselor and coach, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary counseling approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
(812) 616-4947 View (812) 616-4947
Photo of Constance M. Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Constance M. Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403
Not accepting new clients
I provide a lived experience within the therapeutic relationship of complex developmental trauma in addition to relational traumas as an adult. I understand firsthand how our experiences from childhood can shape our outlook, behaviors, and access to resources into adulthood. I view the “symptoms” that can arise from these experiences as strategies for survival, including those we may wish to unlearn or shift when we no longer need them.
I provide a lived experience within the therapeutic relationship of complex developmental trauma in addition to relational traumas as an adult. I understand firsthand how our experiences from childhood can shape our outlook, behaviors, and access to resources into adulthood. I view the “symptoms” that can arise from these experiences as strategies for survival, including those we may wish to unlearn or shift when we no longer need them.
(812) 616-5847 View (812) 616-5847
Photo of Mark A Herrmann, Psychologist in Bloomington, IN
Mark A Herrmann
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47401
I have been practicing for 30+ years and truly enjoy doing psychotherapy and being a lifelong student of the craft of psychotherapy. It is a privilege to meet with people, to hear each person's unique story, and to try to help each person reach their goals. I strive to create an environment of trust and safety in which each person is able to hear and make use of my observations and questions, knowing they are not being criticized or judged.
I have been practicing for 30+ years and truly enjoy doing psychotherapy and being a lifelong student of the craft of psychotherapy. It is a privilege to meet with people, to hear each person's unique story, and to try to help each person reach their goals. I strive to create an environment of trust and safety in which each person is able to hear and make use of my observations and questions, knowing they are not being criticized or judged.
(812) 370-8285 View (812) 370-8285
Photo of Sandy K. Tucker, MS, LMHC, Counselor in Bloomington, IN
Sandy K. Tucker, MS, LMHC
Counselor, MS, LMHC, RPT
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is a time to reach out and begin to make changes for how you want your life to be different . . . and a therapist helps you find the courage, gather the tools necessary and choose a path to go after it. I have over 25 years experience working with children, families and individuals to assist them in getting back on track with their lives. Specialty areas include children with behavior issues, recovering from abuse and trauma, and coping with divorce, along with all ages of adults wanting a higher quality of life as a result of anxiety and depression.
Therapy is a time to reach out and begin to make changes for how you want your life to be different . . . and a therapist helps you find the courage, gather the tools necessary and choose a path to go after it. I have over 25 years experience working with children, families and individuals to assist them in getting back on track with their lives. Specialty areas include children with behavior issues, recovering from abuse and trauma, and coping with divorce, along with all ages of adults wanting a higher quality of life as a result of anxiety and depression.
(812) 496-3228 View (812) 496-3228
Photo of Sharon Galloway, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Sharon Galloway
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomington, IN 47404
Are your relationships becoming difficult to manage? Are you torn between helping others and helping too much? Do you feel defeated by substance use, or untreated mental illness of someone you care about? You are not alone. Together, we can develop effective strategies to reverse unhealthy habits and attitudes that contribute to anxiety, depression, poor decision-making, feelings of loss, and hopelessness. Putting yourself first doesn't mean you don't care about others. Self-care is not selfish. It is a way to restore balance. You deserve the opportunity to define for yourself a life of meaning and success.
Are your relationships becoming difficult to manage? Are you torn between helping others and helping too much? Do you feel defeated by substance use, or untreated mental illness of someone you care about? You are not alone. Together, we can develop effective strategies to reverse unhealthy habits and attitudes that contribute to anxiety, depression, poor decision-making, feelings of loss, and hopelessness. Putting yourself first doesn't mean you don't care about others. Self-care is not selfish. It is a way to restore balance. You deserve the opportunity to define for yourself a life of meaning and success.
(812) 782-2019 View (812) 782-2019
Photo of Sheri Benham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Sheri Benham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bloomington, IN 47404
Accepting new clients via telehealth and in-person. Building a trusting therapeutic relationship is important in the healing process so I collaborate with you to develop and pursue goals along the way. We will explore self reflection and awareness to build your sense of agency and empowerment.
Accepting new clients via telehealth and in-person. Building a trusting therapeutic relationship is important in the healing process so I collaborate with you to develop and pursue goals along the way. We will explore self reflection and awareness to build your sense of agency and empowerment.
(812) 608-4854 View (812) 608-4854
Photo of Fiora Pizzo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Fiora Pizzo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47404
Not accepting new clients
ACCEPTING CLIENTS As an LCSW for almost 20 years, I look forward to the opportunity to work with you on your goals. Each of us has the potential for positive change and it is often easier to achieve this with a therapist. I primarily utilize strength-based, systems, trauma, and cognitive behavioral therapy. I have experience empowering individuals facing grief & loss, addiction, MAT, trauma, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, as well as other life stressors. Clients include teenagers, young adults, adults, and older adults."When we are no longer able to change the situation, we are challenged to change ourselves" V. Frankl.
ACCEPTING CLIENTS As an LCSW for almost 20 years, I look forward to the opportunity to work with you on your goals. Each of us has the potential for positive change and it is often easier to achieve this with a therapist. I primarily utilize strength-based, systems, trauma, and cognitive behavioral therapy. I have experience empowering individuals facing grief & loss, addiction, MAT, trauma, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, as well as other life stressors. Clients include teenagers, young adults, adults, and older adults."When we are no longer able to change the situation, we are challenged to change ourselves" V. Frankl.
(812) 316-6856 View (812) 316-6856
Photo of Bloomington Center for Connection, Amy Makice, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bloomington, IN
Bloomington Center for Connection, Amy Makice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47403
The BCC brings together a diverse group of therapists dedicated to healing through growth-fostering relationships. We accompany you on a journey to learn who you are in the context of your life, and how your understanding about who you are has been shaped by relationships and culture, for better and for worse. Our approach is rooted in RCT, a framework that goes beyond traditional ideas of individual diagnoses to explore relational dynamics contributing to joy, distress, isolation, and healing. We believe we all flourish in meaningful connection, and healing is directly tied to relational safety and supported vulnerability.
The BCC brings together a diverse group of therapists dedicated to healing through growth-fostering relationships. We accompany you on a journey to learn who you are in the context of your life, and how your understanding about who you are has been shaped by relationships and culture, for better and for worse. Our approach is rooted in RCT, a framework that goes beyond traditional ideas of individual diagnoses to explore relational dynamics contributing to joy, distress, isolation, and healing. We believe we all flourish in meaningful connection, and healing is directly tied to relational safety and supported vulnerability.
(812) 291-1977 View (812) 291-1977
Photo of Julie d'Argent, Psychologist in Bloomington, IN
Julie d'Argent
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bloomington, IN 47404
Not accepting new clients
My approach to therapy focuses on the therapeutic relationship which I perceive as the most important factor for change to happen. I use interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in my work. My primary area of interest is working with college aged students and young professionals in their early 20s to late 40s who may be experiencing difficulties dealing with the various roles, responsibilities, stressors, and life transitions that come with this particular age group and various life stages.
My approach to therapy focuses on the therapeutic relationship which I perceive as the most important factor for change to happen. I use interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in my work. My primary area of interest is working with college aged students and young professionals in their early 20s to late 40s who may be experiencing difficulties dealing with the various roles, responsibilities, stressors, and life transitions that come with this particular age group and various life stages.
(812) 359-1121 View (812) 359-1121
Photo of Christy Duffy, PhD, HSPP/ Under the Umbrella, LLC, Psychologist in Bloomington, IN
Christy Duffy, PhD, HSPP/ Under the Umbrella, LLC
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IN 47407
I have been specializing in the treatment of individuals with eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other eating related concerns since 2009 and am passionate about what I do. I work from an integrative approach and often use methods from cognitive behavioral, acceptance and commitment, and interpersonal theories. While I specialize in eating disorders as the focus of my work, therapy will also address related issues such as anxiety, depression, and family concerns, as these are often deeply intertwined with the eating disorder.
I have been specializing in the treatment of individuals with eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other eating related concerns since 2009 and am passionate about what I do. I work from an integrative approach and often use methods from cognitive behavioral, acceptance and commitment, and interpersonal theories. While I specialize in eating disorders as the focus of my work, therapy will also address related issues such as anxiety, depression, and family concerns, as these are often deeply intertwined with the eating disorder.
(812) 750-4225 View (812) 750-4225

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bloomington, IN

200+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bloomington, IN who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
73% Coping Skills
73% Self Esteem
72% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Anthem | Elevance
78% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Bloomington, IN see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bloomington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.