Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of Micah Moskoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Micah Moskoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
Micah B. Moskoff is a licensed clinical social worker. Micah’s therapy style is warm and interactive. She believes in treating every patient with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and she doesn’t believe in stigmatizing labels. She aims to connect on a personal level with each patient to help them feel supportive and safe.She combines motivational interviewing and client-centered therapy techniques to tailor in-session dialogue and treatment plans to each patient’s needs.
Micah B. Moskoff is a licensed clinical social worker. Micah’s therapy style is warm and interactive. She believes in treating every patient with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and she doesn’t believe in stigmatizing labels. She aims to connect on a personal level with each patient to help them feel supportive and safe.She combines motivational interviewing and client-centered therapy techniques to tailor in-session dialogue and treatment plans to each patient’s needs.
(202) 873-2180 View (202) 873-2180
Photo of Carrie Elizabeth Collier, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Carrie Elizabeth Collier
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-DC, LPC-Va
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
I have been a licensed professional counselor since 2001. I offer individual, couples and family therapy. I focus on family and life challenges pertaining to marriage, partners, family cut offs and estrangements, friends, and parenting using Bowen Family Systems Theory. I work online with individuals, couples, parents, and families from all walks of life with a wide array of family and marital challenges, emotional and relationship concerns.
I have been a licensed professional counselor since 2001. I offer individual, couples and family therapy. I focus on family and life challenges pertaining to marriage, partners, family cut offs and estrangements, friends, and parenting using Bowen Family Systems Theory. I work online with individuals, couples, parents, and families from all walks of life with a wide array of family and marital challenges, emotional and relationship concerns.
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Photo of Emily Partigan, Counselor in Washington, DC
Emily Partigan
Counselor, LGPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20010  (Online Only)
I am passionate about providing a safe and non-judgmental space where you can express yourself and explore what is bringing you to therapy. There is no problem too big or too small that we can't work on together. We will work collaboratively and utilize a compassionate, person centered, holistic approach. You are the expert of your story and I’m here to support you. Whether it's working on processing the past, managing life in the present, or preparing for the future, we will find ways to reach your goals.
I am passionate about providing a safe and non-judgmental space where you can express yourself and explore what is bringing you to therapy. There is no problem too big or too small that we can't work on together. We will work collaboratively and utilize a compassionate, person centered, holistic approach. You are the expert of your story and I’m here to support you. Whether it's working on processing the past, managing life in the present, or preparing for the future, we will find ways to reach your goals.
(202) 998-7262 View (202) 998-7262
Photo of Erika DuBois, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Erika DuBois
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
(202) 798-7075 View (202) 798-7075
Photo of Therapeutic Links Behavioral Health Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Therapeutic Links Behavioral Health Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
Have you experienced a recent or past traumatic event? Do you have trouble expressing how you feel? I have advanced training in working with survivors of trauma, and extensive experience working with families who struggle to communicate effectively. I use the therapeutic relationship to create a safe space for clients to explore thoughts and feelings in order to set goals and move forward. Primarily using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness techniques, individuals are able to heal from past experiences and to lead satisfying and productive lives.
Have you experienced a recent or past traumatic event? Do you have trouble expressing how you feel? I have advanced training in working with survivors of trauma, and extensive experience working with families who struggle to communicate effectively. I use the therapeutic relationship to create a safe space for clients to explore thoughts and feelings in order to set goals and move forward. Primarily using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness techniques, individuals are able to heal from past experiences and to lead satisfying and productive lives.
(202) 915-3349 x1 View (202) 915-3349 x1
Photo of Andrea Florez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Andrea Florez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
I focus on creating a supportive and safe therapeutic environment where I can help clients identify opportunities for change and growth, cope with difficult emotions and experiences, and approach and resolve problems in more constructive ways that brings the opportunity to heal emotional wounds. I believe therapy is collaborative and I support my clients to build lives that feel meaningful and authentic. I incorporate different therapeutic approaches to help clients achieve their treatment goals and meet their individual needs
I focus on creating a supportive and safe therapeutic environment where I can help clients identify opportunities for change and growth, cope with difficult emotions and experiences, and approach and resolve problems in more constructive ways that brings the opportunity to heal emotional wounds. I believe therapy is collaborative and I support my clients to build lives that feel meaningful and authentic. I incorporate different therapeutic approaches to help clients achieve their treatment goals and meet their individual needs
(202) 949-5971 View (202) 949-5971
Photo of Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services , Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Hello! My Name is Arelis, and I am a therapist and founder of Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we are here to help you achieve your goal. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
Hello! My Name is Arelis, and I am a therapist and founder of Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we are here to help you achieve your goal. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
(202) 902-6338 View (202) 902-6338
Photo of Laura J Winton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Laura J Winton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
"Lives, hopes and dreams can be actualized." My approach is open minded and non-judgmental, embracing individuality and strength while assisting the development of understanding and acceptance. In my 33 years of experience providing psychotherapy, I have developed expertise in individualized treatment of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and trauma. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectic Behavioral Therapy. Working with young adults and adults, I offer individualized specialized therapy. Treatment offered targets understanding and management of emotions, surviving and managing crisis, being present and mindful, interpersonal effectiveness, and learning to think and behave in ways that enhance life and building a better future.
"Lives, hopes and dreams can be actualized." My approach is open minded and non-judgmental, embracing individuality and strength while assisting the development of understanding and acceptance. In my 33 years of experience providing psychotherapy, I have developed expertise in individualized treatment of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and trauma. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectic Behavioral Therapy. Working with young adults and adults, I offer individualized specialized therapy. Treatment offered targets understanding and management of emotions, surviving and managing crisis, being present and mindful, interpersonal effectiveness, and learning to think and behave in ways that enhance life and building a better future.
(301) 804-2287 View (301) 804-2287
Photo of Ariana Prawda, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Ariana Prawda
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20007
People enter therapy for a variety of different reasons. You may be going through a difficult transition or grappling with life, relationship or work issues. You may be struggling with a mental health concern. You may be looking to promote personal growth or increase your own sense of well being. Whatever the reason may be, I can offer a confidential and safe environment to gain insight into your emotions and behaviors and take steps towards positive change in your life.
People enter therapy for a variety of different reasons. You may be going through a difficult transition or grappling with life, relationship or work issues. You may be struggling with a mental health concern. You may be looking to promote personal growth or increase your own sense of well being. Whatever the reason may be, I can offer a confidential and safe environment to gain insight into your emotions and behaviors and take steps towards positive change in your life.
(703) 722-8066 View (703) 722-8066
Photo of Leonard Brisendine, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Leonard Brisendine
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, CSAC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Hello. My name is Lenny Brisendine. I am credentialed in DC and Virginia as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Substance Abuse Counselor. My professional orientation is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness. I offer online therapy and flexible scheduling including Saturday hours, plus an initial free 15 minute video session so you can decide if we are a good match.
Hello. My name is Lenny Brisendine. I am credentialed in DC and Virginia as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Substance Abuse Counselor. My professional orientation is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness. I offer online therapy and flexible scheduling including Saturday hours, plus an initial free 15 minute video session so you can decide if we are a good match.
(202) 991-3549 View (202) 991-3549
Photo of Danielle Miro, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Danielle Miro
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP-Rp
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20015  (Online Only)
When your body is in distress, your mind and mood suffer. Whether you want to address your weight, pain, disordered eating, stress, living with a chronic disease, recovering from an illness, or adjusting to a new medical condition, I can help. I also support care partners of those with chronic illness. As a board-certified rehabilitation psychologist, I emphasize a holistic approach to well-being and support people in leading a values-filled life that recognizes personal strengths, reduces shame and promotes self-compassion, encourages collaboration, and meets you where you are non-judgmentally.
When your body is in distress, your mind and mood suffer. Whether you want to address your weight, pain, disordered eating, stress, living with a chronic disease, recovering from an illness, or adjusting to a new medical condition, I can help. I also support care partners of those with chronic illness. As a board-certified rehabilitation psychologist, I emphasize a holistic approach to well-being and support people in leading a values-filled life that recognizes personal strengths, reduces shame and promotes self-compassion, encourages collaboration, and meets you where you are non-judgmentally.
(202) 873-8048 View (202) 873-8048
Ruth Nielsen-Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Working with you to increase your experience of hope and of joy, and to help you dissolve your grief is my orientation in both short-term and longer-term therapy. So often hurt and knowledge get buried beneath unhelpful, and yet habitual, emotional responses and mind-sets. My goal is to help you understand and become your authentic self and to set aside those habits and practices which distress your mind and burden your heart.
Working with you to increase your experience of hope and of joy, and to help you dissolve your grief is my orientation in both short-term and longer-term therapy. So often hurt and knowledge get buried beneath unhelpful, and yet habitual, emotional responses and mind-sets. My goal is to help you understand and become your authentic self and to set aside those habits and practices which distress your mind and burden your heart.
(202) 738-5103 x5 View (202) 738-5103 x5
Photo of Lauren Kay Laich, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Lauren Kay Laich
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20004  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My greatest reward is helping clients explore ways to change their lives, allowing them to feel hopeful about the future. I work from a person-centered perspective, allowing my clients to determine the pace & direction of therapy. I have extensive experience working with people struggling with various issues, such as depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, addiction, & self-esteem. I use CBT, DBT, & Motivational Interviewing techniques, based on the needs of the individual. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen & accept us as we are, without judgment; this is my goal as a therapist.
My greatest reward is helping clients explore ways to change their lives, allowing them to feel hopeful about the future. I work from a person-centered perspective, allowing my clients to determine the pace & direction of therapy. I have extensive experience working with people struggling with various issues, such as depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, addiction, & self-esteem. I use CBT, DBT, & Motivational Interviewing techniques, based on the needs of the individual. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen & accept us as we are, without judgment; this is my goal as a therapist.
(866) 275-2079 View (866) 275-2079
Photo of Antoine L. Crosby, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Antoine L. Crosby
Psychologist, PhD, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20005
Not accepting new clients
Affirmative Spaces specializes in providing psychotherapy to LGBTQ+ people of color and other marginalized groups. In treatment I utilize a culturally informed approach and strive to create a space where you are free to be your unapologetic authentic self, and ensure your experiences are honored, affirmed, and handled with care. Additionally, I utilize a theoretical approach that explores the influence of early relationships on current functioning. In each therapy relationship I collaborate with clients to gain insight to your unique experiences and how these experiences contribute to current distress experienced.
Affirmative Spaces specializes in providing psychotherapy to LGBTQ+ people of color and other marginalized groups. In treatment I utilize a culturally informed approach and strive to create a space where you are free to be your unapologetic authentic self, and ensure your experiences are honored, affirmed, and handled with care. Additionally, I utilize a theoretical approach that explores the influence of early relationships on current functioning. In each therapy relationship I collaborate with clients to gain insight to your unique experiences and how these experiences contribute to current distress experienced.
(202) 866-2161 View (202) 866-2161
Photo of Corene Alvarado, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Corene Alvarado
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
Therapy can empower you to cope with and improve a wide range of issues including anxiety, depression, relationships, loss, low self-esteem, past trauma, identity issues, and insecurities. My gentle, strengths-based approach will help you recognize the best in yourself and tolerate difficult feelings, while promoting changes in your life. I have a nonjudgmental attitude and appreciate each individual's cultural, spiritual, and family backgrounds. My style is collaborative and respectful; together we will consider how experiences from the past intersect with the present and focus on what is most meaningful to you now.
Therapy can empower you to cope with and improve a wide range of issues including anxiety, depression, relationships, loss, low self-esteem, past trauma, identity issues, and insecurities. My gentle, strengths-based approach will help you recognize the best in yourself and tolerate difficult feelings, while promoting changes in your life. I have a nonjudgmental attitude and appreciate each individual's cultural, spiritual, and family backgrounds. My style is collaborative and respectful; together we will consider how experiences from the past intersect with the present and focus on what is most meaningful to you now.
(202) 858-3165 View (202) 858-3165
Photo of Gwendolyn Pla, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Gwendolyn Pla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20015  (Online Only)
Are you dissatisfied with your life? Are you finding ways to compensate that do not serve you well, such as over- or under-eating? Do you have an unhealthy relationship with food? Or, do you have a medical problem that has a dietary component that you have difficulty managing? These problems can have an impact on many areas of your life: relationships, work, and the way you handle money. I will help you sort out your difficulties and help you on the road to feeling better.
Are you dissatisfied with your life? Are you finding ways to compensate that do not serve you well, such as over- or under-eating? Do you have an unhealthy relationship with food? Or, do you have a medical problem that has a dietary component that you have difficulty managing? These problems can have an impact on many areas of your life: relationships, work, and the way you handle money. I will help you sort out your difficulties and help you on the road to feeling better.
(202) 723-1772 View (202) 723-1772
Photo of Joanna Chakerian, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Joanna Chakerian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
I work with adults 18 and older on a broad range of issues, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, life transitions, trauma, eating and body image issues, and grief/loss. My therapeutic approach is primarily psychodynamic, while incorporating cognitive behavioral and mindfulness modalities. I believe in creating a warm, non-judgmental and engaging environment to understand clients’ unique goals, strengths, and challenges. I consider it a privilege to help my clients walk through the ups and downs of their daily lives, and grow and thrive in the long term.
I work with adults 18 and older on a broad range of issues, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, life transitions, trauma, eating and body image issues, and grief/loss. My therapeutic approach is primarily psychodynamic, while incorporating cognitive behavioral and mindfulness modalities. I believe in creating a warm, non-judgmental and engaging environment to understand clients’ unique goals, strengths, and challenges. I consider it a privilege to help my clients walk through the ups and downs of their daily lives, and grow and thrive in the long term.
(301) 396-7768 View (301) 396-7768
Photo of Jennifer Wiggins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Jennifer Wiggins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
Life has the ability to impact our physical, mental and emotional wellness. I am an avid believer that therapy has the ability to promote wellness throughout the challenges that each of us face. Do you ever find yourself battling negative thoughts? Feeling overwhelmed with trying to cope with feelings? Are you in need of a space where you can feel seen and heard? Whether you are facing loss, traumas, family conflict, life transitions or difficulty with social wellness, my collaborative and supportive style supports you as you work toward your wellness goals.
Life has the ability to impact our physical, mental and emotional wellness. I am an avid believer that therapy has the ability to promote wellness throughout the challenges that each of us face. Do you ever find yourself battling negative thoughts? Feeling overwhelmed with trying to cope with feelings? Are you in need of a space where you can feel seen and heard? Whether you are facing loss, traumas, family conflict, life transitions or difficulty with social wellness, my collaborative and supportive style supports you as you work toward your wellness goals.
(202) 410-1053 View (202) 410-1053
Photo of Lisa Himmelfarb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Lisa Himmelfarb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, RDN
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Have you been struggling to feel good, feel good about yourself, your body and your relationships with food and people? Are destructive patterns and behaviors getting in the way? Are you feeling overwhelmed going through a major life transition such as a move, graduating college, loss of a loved one, divorce, new parenting role or any new role? I can support and guide you in navigating these challenges. You don't have to do it alone.
Have you been struggling to feel good, feel good about yourself, your body and your relationships with food and people? Are destructive patterns and behaviors getting in the way? Are you feeling overwhelmed going through a major life transition such as a move, graduating college, loss of a loved one, divorce, new parenting role or any new role? I can support and guide you in navigating these challenges. You don't have to do it alone.
(202) 953-2062 View (202) 953-2062
Photo of Kimberly Ottinger in Washington, DC
Kimberly Ottinger
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20037
Your heart has been broken - you just went through a painful breakup. You feel like life as you know it is over and you can't imagine ever feeling good again or getting back into the dating world. I will coach you into making this breakup the best experience of your life. I offer one on one coaching via virtual video chat and at times that are convenient to your busy schedule - evenings, weekends, mornings, whatever works for you.
Your heart has been broken - you just went through a painful breakup. You feel like life as you know it is over and you can't imagine ever feeling good again or getting back into the dating world. I will coach you into making this breakup the best experience of your life. I offer one on one coaching via virtual video chat and at times that are convenient to your busy schedule - evenings, weekends, mornings, whatever works for you.
(202) 918-3495 View (202) 918-3495

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.