Therapists in Fox River Grove, IL

Photo of Stephen Kaleb Pollum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Stephen Kaleb Pollum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Kaleb Pollum is a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) with experience helping individuals overcome obstacles such as depression, stress, anxiety, identity issues, interpersonal relationships, and effectively managing mood and personality disorders. He specializes in treating borderline personality disorder. Kaleb desires to build meaningful, therapeutic relationships so that his clients can feel at ease and find clarity in their thinking. He utilizes evidence-based and trauma-informed practices such as cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoanalysis, and adapted dialectical behavior therapy to accomplish this.
Kaleb Pollum is a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) with experience helping individuals overcome obstacles such as depression, stress, anxiety, identity issues, interpersonal relationships, and effectively managing mood and personality disorders. He specializes in treating borderline personality disorder. Kaleb desires to build meaningful, therapeutic relationships so that his clients can feel at ease and find clarity in their thinking. He utilizes evidence-based and trauma-informed practices such as cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoanalysis, and adapted dialectical behavior therapy to accomplish this.
(224) 864-8492 View (224) 864-8492
Photo of Elizabeth Holtz, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Elizabeth Holtz
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Elizabeth Holtz is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor who has been practicing since 2000. She graduated from Benedictine University with a degree in Counseling Psychology. Elizabeth Holtz believes in an eclectic treatment approach as one size does not fit all when it comes to counseling. I believe that clinicians should meet clients where they are. I try to find what the person is missing in terms of sense of self rather than work toward an idealized version based on societal norms. Its more about the client's goals than the therapist's . Her areas of expertise include Spectrum disorders, ADHD and bipolar disorder.
Elizabeth Holtz is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor who has been practicing since 2000. She graduated from Benedictine University with a degree in Counseling Psychology. Elizabeth Holtz believes in an eclectic treatment approach as one size does not fit all when it comes to counseling. I believe that clinicians should meet clients where they are. I try to find what the person is missing in terms of sense of self rather than work toward an idealized version based on societal norms. Its more about the client's goals than the therapist's . Her areas of expertise include Spectrum disorders, ADHD and bipolar disorder.
(224) 507-6627 View (224) 507-6627
Photo of Sara Rogers, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Sara Rogers
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Sara Rogers is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2015. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Arizona State University and a Master of Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Northern Arizona University. Sara provides an inclusive, safe therapeutic environment. Her approach is to support you by being a safe space for your challenging life experiences, thoughts, and emotions. As we move through life everyone deserves a place to feel supported and heard without judgment.
Sara Rogers is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2015. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Arizona State University and a Master of Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Northern Arizona University. Sara provides an inclusive, safe therapeutic environment. Her approach is to support you by being a safe space for your challenging life experiences, thoughts, and emotions. As we move through life everyone deserves a place to feel supported and heard without judgment.
(224) 243-5400 View (224) 243-5400
Photo of Rachel Turuc, Pre-Licensed Professional in Fox River Grove, IL
Rachel Turuc
Pre-Licensed Professional, ALMFT
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Rachel Turuc is a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist in Illinois. Rachel received her Bachelor’s Degree in Family and Child Studies with an emphasis in Family Social Services. She obtained her Master’s Degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Northern Illinois University. Rachel has training in individual, couples, and family therapy. Rachel’s has experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, life transitions, mood concerns, trauma, and conflict in communication.
Rachel Turuc is a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist in Illinois. Rachel received her Bachelor’s Degree in Family and Child Studies with an emphasis in Family Social Services. She obtained her Master’s Degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Northern Illinois University. Rachel has training in individual, couples, and family therapy. Rachel’s has experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, life transitions, mood concerns, trauma, and conflict in communication.
(855) 641-1658 View (855) 641-1658
Photo of Sarah Baker, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Sarah Baker
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
I believe that being the best version of ourselves requires work including connecting with emotions, thoughts and behaviors that at times may be uncomfortable to address. I strive to meet my clients where they are at in their journey by creating a safe, non-judgmental and empathetic relationship with my clients. At times, it may feel as though one is having difficulty changing patterns of behavior or overcoming life's challenges, I help to guide change to develop a more self-aware and engaged sense of self through a collaborative approach with the client and therapist relationship.
I believe that being the best version of ourselves requires work including connecting with emotions, thoughts and behaviors that at times may be uncomfortable to address. I strive to meet my clients where they are at in their journey by creating a safe, non-judgmental and empathetic relationship with my clients. At times, it may feel as though one is having difficulty changing patterns of behavior or overcoming life's challenges, I help to guide change to develop a more self-aware and engaged sense of self through a collaborative approach with the client and therapist relationship.
(224) 864-9618 View (224) 864-9618
Photo of Deborah Kivett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Deborah Kivett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Deborah L. Kivett is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2003. She has a Bachelor of Science in Education from Eastern Illinois University and a Master of Social Work from Aurora University. Deborah believes in being an active listener and providing a safe environment for her clients where they can establish trust and build a therapeutic rapport.
Deborah L. Kivett is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2003. She has a Bachelor of Science in Education from Eastern Illinois University and a Master of Social Work from Aurora University. Deborah believes in being an active listener and providing a safe environment for her clients where they can establish trust and build a therapeutic rapport.
(224) 218-5833 View (224) 218-5833
Photo of Josette B Day, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Josette B Day
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
I am an experienced clinician who enjoys helping people navigate difficult periods in their life. My passion is helping people grow and change to become the best version of themselves. I provide psychotherapy for adults, couples and adolescents. My specialties include: anxiety, depression, women's issues, relational difficulties, stress/wellness, life transitions, grief and loss.
I am an experienced clinician who enjoys helping people navigate difficult periods in their life. My passion is helping people grow and change to become the best version of themselves. I provide psychotherapy for adults, couples and adolescents. My specialties include: anxiety, depression, women's issues, relational difficulties, stress/wellness, life transitions, grief and loss.
(847) 780-7773 View (847) 780-7773
Photo of Emotional Spiritual Counseling -Joseph Gottfried, Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Emotional Spiritual Counseling -Joseph Gottfried
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Do you want more from counselling than just talking things out? Perhaps you would you like to bring your spirituality to counseling as a simpler, easier way to become free from painful feelings and relationships. In this counseling approach you not only find a safe place to be heard and work out problems, but you also find ways to change troubling patterns from the inside out. Through powerful yet gentle methods alongside inner prayer/intention, you can resolve the root causes of personal problems like anxiety, loss, depression, relationship trouble, chronic illness, lack of meaning, trauma, spiritual abuse, and addiction.
Do you want more from counselling than just talking things out? Perhaps you would you like to bring your spirituality to counseling as a simpler, easier way to become free from painful feelings and relationships. In this counseling approach you not only find a safe place to be heard and work out problems, but you also find ways to change troubling patterns from the inside out. Through powerful yet gentle methods alongside inner prayer/intention, you can resolve the root causes of personal problems like anxiety, loss, depression, relationship trouble, chronic illness, lack of meaning, trauma, spiritual abuse, and addiction.
(360) 295-2870 View (360) 295-2870
Photo of Megan Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Megan Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Does any of this sound familiar?….”Tried deep breaths. Tried offering help and comforting. Tried consequences. Nothing is working! I’m not sure what to do or say to help…” These are words we often hear when parents come to us looking for help. You are not alone. Whether we are supporting one through parenting, grief and trauma, just a bit of rough patch, or learning to navigate life with Anxiety, Autism, ADHD, OCD, or Sensory Integration differences, we are here to help you find your way. It is privilege to witness transformation as we join our children and families on their journey towards growth and healing.
Does any of this sound familiar?….”Tried deep breaths. Tried offering help and comforting. Tried consequences. Nothing is working! I’m not sure what to do or say to help…” These are words we often hear when parents come to us looking for help. You are not alone. Whether we are supporting one through parenting, grief and trauma, just a bit of rough patch, or learning to navigate life with Anxiety, Autism, ADHD, OCD, or Sensory Integration differences, we are here to help you find your way. It is privilege to witness transformation as we join our children and families on their journey towards growth and healing.
(224) 803-3798 View (224) 803-3798
Photo of Michelle Krc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Michelle Krc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
Each person has their own unique story, and I genuinely want to hear about yours. It is our imperfections that make us beautiful, and I want to help give you the tools to see that in yourself. I specialize in working with complex trauma, which can present in many ways. Many of my clients struggle with big emotions and reactions, relationship issues, codependency, self-harming, shame, and low self-esteem. If you are feeling lost, hurt, scared, or hopeless, then I am so glad you are reaching out for help. I truly believe we are all capable and worthy of healing, growth, and compassion.
Each person has their own unique story, and I genuinely want to hear about yours. It is our imperfections that make us beautiful, and I want to help give you the tools to see that in yourself. I specialize in working with complex trauma, which can present in many ways. Many of my clients struggle with big emotions and reactions, relationship issues, codependency, self-harming, shame, and low self-esteem. If you are feeling lost, hurt, scared, or hopeless, then I am so glad you are reaching out for help. I truly believe we are all capable and worthy of healing, growth, and compassion.
(847) 242-2369 View (847) 242-2369
Photo of Cord Wellness Center, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Cord Wellness Center, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fox River Grove, IL 60021
One of the reasons I enjoy being a therapist is that there is no such thing as an "ideal" client. People are all unique in their own ways and no two cases are ever the same. I accept the challenges of resistant or unsure clients, in fact it brings me the greatest satisfaction to help someone that doesn't believe that therapy can help them.
One of the reasons I enjoy being a therapist is that there is no such thing as an "ideal" client. People are all unique in their own ways and no two cases are ever the same. I accept the challenges of resistant or unsure clients, in fact it brings me the greatest satisfaction to help someone that doesn't believe that therapy can help them.
(779) 345-2911 View (779) 345-2911

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Amy Fujino, Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Amy Fujino
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Cary, IL 60013
In Touch Counseling Center, LLC is officially open for business! I am providing individual, family and couples therapy in person and Telehealth for individuals experiencing depression, generalized anxiety, ADHD, anger, adjustment difficulty, low self-esteem, grief & loss, eating disorders, negative body image, borderline personality disorder and stress.
In Touch Counseling Center, LLC is officially open for business! I am providing individual, family and couples therapy in person and Telehealth for individuals experiencing depression, generalized anxiety, ADHD, anger, adjustment difficulty, low self-esteem, grief & loss, eating disorders, negative body image, borderline personality disorder and stress.
(815) 524-8249 View (815) 524-8249
Photo of Theresa M Donoghue, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Theresa M Donoghue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cary, IL 60013
Not accepting new clients
Hello!! The right match between therapist and client can be one of the largest factors to therapeutic success. My view of the therapeutic relationship is that of a shared journey between client and therapist. I have been in private practice for ten years and I continue to be a "client" as well, which I believe gives me sensitivity and insights resulting in a non judging collaborative approach. I see therapy as an opportunity to use symptoms as a gateway to self discovery and growth, as a self actualizing process as we heal wounds, work through issues, and discover self potential.
Hello!! The right match between therapist and client can be one of the largest factors to therapeutic success. My view of the therapeutic relationship is that of a shared journey between client and therapist. I have been in private practice for ten years and I continue to be a "client" as well, which I believe gives me sensitivity and insights resulting in a non judging collaborative approach. I see therapy as an opportunity to use symptoms as a gateway to self discovery and growth, as a self actualizing process as we heal wounds, work through issues, and discover self potential.
(847) 979-0319 View (847) 979-0319
Photo of Melanie Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Melanie Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Cary, IL 60013
Not accepting new clients
Did you or your spouse recently have an affair? Do you wonder if there is still hope for your marriage after a betrayal? I specialize in helping couples recover from an affair and have helped hundreds of couples move through the healing process. Many couples even report that they have a better marriage now than they did prior to the betrayal.
Did you or your spouse recently have an affair? Do you wonder if there is still hope for your marriage after a betrayal? I specialize in helping couples recover from an affair and have helped hundreds of couples move through the healing process. Many couples even report that they have a better marriage now than they did prior to the betrayal.
(815) 513-0828 View (815) 513-0828
Photo of Todd Schneider, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Todd Schneider
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSSA, ITR-CTS
Verified Verified
Cary, IL 60013
I am a LCSW with over 24 years of clinical experience working with adults, adolescents, families and couples in a variety of settings including hospitals, residential facilities, outpatient clinics, wilderness programing and private practice. I specialize in the areas of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family systems model, substance abuse treatment and experiential therapy. I also hold a unique specialty in the area of intensive trauma work as an ITR Certified Trauma Specialist.
I am a LCSW with over 24 years of clinical experience working with adults, adolescents, families and couples in a variety of settings including hospitals, residential facilities, outpatient clinics, wilderness programing and private practice. I specialize in the areas of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family systems model, substance abuse treatment and experiential therapy. I also hold a unique specialty in the area of intensive trauma work as an ITR Certified Trauma Specialist.
(224) 203-5343 View (224) 203-5343
Photo of Sally Secker (Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd.), Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Sally Secker (Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd.)
Counselor, MS, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I have immediate openings for both in person and online appointments. Whether you are dealing with depression and anxiety, struggling with the effects of past trauma, coping with loss, or just dealing with life changes, I would love to help. I'm the owner of Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd. in Barrington, Illinois, and I am passionate about helping others navigate difficult times in their lives. I love to come alongside people to encourage and empower them to find hope and joy.
I have immediate openings for both in person and online appointments. Whether you are dealing with depression and anxiety, struggling with the effects of past trauma, coping with loss, or just dealing with life changes, I would love to help. I'm the owner of Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd. in Barrington, Illinois, and I am passionate about helping others navigate difficult times in their lives. I love to come alongside people to encourage and empower them to find hope and joy.
(630) 948-4419 View (630) 948-4419
Photo of Lu Gregory, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Lu Gregory
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Not Verified Not Verified
Cary, IL 60013
Lu is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor who works with children, adolescents, adults and their families. She has experience working with individuals with Anger Management, Anxiety, Depression, Eating Disorders, Self-Injury and Substance Abuse. Lu utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to assist patients in achieving positive changes in mood, thought process and their behavior.
Lu is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor who works with children, adolescents, adults and their families. She has experience working with individuals with Anger Management, Anxiety, Depression, Eating Disorders, Self-Injury and Substance Abuse. Lu utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to assist patients in achieving positive changes in mood, thought process and their behavior.
(847) 293-7983 View (847) 293-7983
Photo of Constance Renae White, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Constance Renae White
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Cary, IL 60013  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients! Constance is a Licensed Professional Counselor who works with children, adolescents, adults, and their families. She has experience working with individuals with Anger Management, Anxiety, & Depression. Constance utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to assist patients in achieving positive changes in mood, thought process, and their behavior.
Accepting new clients! Constance is a Licensed Professional Counselor who works with children, adolescents, adults, and their families. She has experience working with individuals with Anger Management, Anxiety, & Depression. Constance utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to assist patients in achieving positive changes in mood, thought process, and their behavior.
(224) 293-6182 View (224) 293-6182
Photo of Jeanne Coulson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fox River Grove, IL
Jeanne Coulson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cary, IL 60013
Life is hard but harder when we deny that fact. We get "stuck", unmotivated, we give up. My practice is "real", it's comfortable and down to earth. It is a safe place free from judgement or criticism. You will be heard and validated and in that there will be growth and change You will find freedom from whatever is keeping you from being the person you want to be, from whatever is keeping you from experiencing the fullness of life. It's all about you. Let's get you out of your head and into living. If you are always trying to be normal, you will never know how amazing you can be.” -Maya Angelo
Life is hard but harder when we deny that fact. We get "stuck", unmotivated, we give up. My practice is "real", it's comfortable and down to earth. It is a safe place free from judgement or criticism. You will be heard and validated and in that there will be growth and change You will find freedom from whatever is keeping you from being the person you want to be, from whatever is keeping you from experiencing the fullness of life. It's all about you. Let's get you out of your head and into living. If you are always trying to be normal, you will never know how amazing you can be.” -Maya Angelo
(847) 916-8268 View (847) 916-8268
Photo of Donna Brooks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fox River Grove, IL
Donna Brooks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
Cary, IL 60013
Supporting you on your journey of mental, emotional, and spiritual health is important to me. If you are dealing with anxiety, stress, depression, life transitions, marital/relationship issues, parenting/familial issues, or loss, I will partner with you to work towards resolution. I provide an affirming and creative space in which to explore your challenges - aware that we are all perfectly imperfect and striving - and there is hope! "There is a crack in everything. That's how the light gets in." -Leonard Cohen
Supporting you on your journey of mental, emotional, and spiritual health is important to me. If you are dealing with anxiety, stress, depression, life transitions, marital/relationship issues, parenting/familial issues, or loss, I will partner with you to work towards resolution. I provide an affirming and creative space in which to explore your challenges - aware that we are all perfectly imperfect and striving - and there is hope! "There is a crack in everything. That's how the light gets in." -Leonard Cohen
(224) 479-1180 View (224) 479-1180

See more therapy options for Fox River Grove

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fox River Grove, IL

10+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Fox River Grove, IL who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
91% Depression
91% Trauma and PTSD
82% Grief
82% Women's Issues
73% Relationship Issues
73% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

19 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% BlueCross and BlueShield
73% Aetna
73% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Fox River Grove, IL see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fox River Grove?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.