Therapists in Durham, NC

Photo of Karyn A Louritt, Counselor in Durham, NC
Karyn A Louritt
Counselor, MS, LCMHC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27705
Being a parent is hard. Being a kid is hard. I can help navigate the hard! If your child is struggling with big emotions, difficult behavior, trauma or ongoing stress, play therapy may be a good fit for your family. Your child will receive play therapy and caregivers will be provided with necessary support.
Being a parent is hard. Being a kid is hard. I can help navigate the hard! If your child is struggling with big emotions, difficult behavior, trauma or ongoing stress, play therapy may be a good fit for your family. Your child will receive play therapy and caregivers will be provided with necessary support.
(984) 464-8122 View (984) 464-8122
Photo of Pamela Crassweller, Psychological Associate in Durham, NC
Pamela Crassweller
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
I have extensive experience administering psycho-educational evaluations. I work with a variety of clients, from the low functioning to the extremely gifted. These evaluations include a cognitive (IQ) test and an educational test which can be used to identify learning disabilities and gifted children. I am able to test in the school environment as well as the private sector. Reports meet all NC State requirements and can be used for educational institutions to qualify the student for special services and accommodations from the Exceptional Children's Program.
I have extensive experience administering psycho-educational evaluations. I work with a variety of clients, from the low functioning to the extremely gifted. These evaluations include a cognitive (IQ) test and an educational test which can be used to identify learning disabilities and gifted children. I am able to test in the school environment as well as the private sector. Reports meet all NC State requirements and can be used for educational institutions to qualify the student for special services and accommodations from the Exceptional Children's Program.
(919) 429-7524 View (919) 429-7524
Photo of Camille Laudicina, Psychologist in Durham, NC
Camille Laudicina
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27707
Accepting new clients, evening and weekend appointments available, telehealth and in-person offered. As a clinical health psychologist and therapist, I focus on how psychological, social, and behavioral factors impact physical health and well-being. I take a holistic approach, recognizing the interconnectedness of the mind and body. I have over 20 years of experience working with a diversity of people in various settings.
Accepting new clients, evening and weekend appointments available, telehealth and in-person offered. As a clinical health psychologist and therapist, I focus on how psychological, social, and behavioral factors impact physical health and well-being. I take a holistic approach, recognizing the interconnectedness of the mind and body. I have over 20 years of experience working with a diversity of people in various settings.
(984) 464-6246 View (984) 464-6246
Photo of Kate Mayfour, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Kate Mayfour
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
Hi, my name is Kate, and I'm glad you're here. I work with folks of all ages who are experiencing eating disorders, trauma, anxiety, depression, and family of origin issues. I am particularly passionate about working with queer and trans individuals, women, and older adults. I am deeply committed to maintaining an anti-racist, feminist, and neurodiversity-affirming lens, and incorporating a systems perspective to explore your experience in context of oppressive systems.
Hi, my name is Kate, and I'm glad you're here. I work with folks of all ages who are experiencing eating disorders, trauma, anxiety, depression, and family of origin issues. I am particularly passionate about working with queer and trans individuals, women, and older adults. I am deeply committed to maintaining an anti-racist, feminist, and neurodiversity-affirming lens, and incorporating a systems perspective to explore your experience in context of oppressive systems.
(919) 343-0081 View (919) 343-0081
Photo of Robyn Claar, Ph.D., PLLC, Psychologist in Durham, NC
Robyn Claar, Ph.D., PLLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
Waitlist for new clients
I am a clinical psychologist who specializes in working with children, teenagers and young adults struggling with anxiety, stress, OCD, and depression. I also have extensive expertise and training working with children and families coping with chronic medical conditions and pain, such as stomach aches, headaches, and food allergies. In addition, I conduct thorough psychoeducational assessments, ADHD evaluations, and early kindergarten entry assessments to help children, teenagers, and college students achieve academic success.
I am a clinical psychologist who specializes in working with children, teenagers and young adults struggling with anxiety, stress, OCD, and depression. I also have extensive expertise and training working with children and families coping with chronic medical conditions and pain, such as stomach aches, headaches, and food allergies. In addition, I conduct thorough psychoeducational assessments, ADHD evaluations, and early kindergarten entry assessments to help children, teenagers, and college students achieve academic success.
(919) 648-0380 View (919) 648-0380
Photo of Jennifer Ashby Bullock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Jennifer Ashby Bullock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27707
I am a licensed clinical social worker with more than 20 years of experience providing therapy to adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I work with clients to address the problems that interfere with living one's best life. Those problems may stem from difficult experiences in one's past or from one's current circumstances. I offer help to clients struggling with depression, anxiety, workplace stress, grief/bereavement, eating disorders, and relationship challenges. I also have training in DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) and have worked extensively with college students and emerging adults.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with more than 20 years of experience providing therapy to adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I work with clients to address the problems that interfere with living one's best life. Those problems may stem from difficult experiences in one's past or from one's current circumstances. I offer help to clients struggling with depression, anxiety, workplace stress, grief/bereavement, eating disorders, and relationship challenges. I also have training in DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) and have worked extensively with college students and emerging adults.
(984) 368-5063 View (984) 368-5063
Photo of Alan W. Harper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Alan W. Harper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
Sometimes life is hard and you need help coping. Sometimes you get angry and you're not sure why or how to control it. Sometimes bad things happen and you can't get over it the way your friends and family expect you to. Maybe you don't really know what's going on, but you recognize that something isn't right. I want to help you figure out what isn't working in your life and get you to where you want to be.
Sometimes life is hard and you need help coping. Sometimes you get angry and you're not sure why or how to control it. Sometimes bad things happen and you can't get over it the way your friends and family expect you to. Maybe you don't really know what's going on, but you recognize that something isn't right. I want to help you figure out what isn't working in your life and get you to where you want to be.
(919) 267-2262 View (919) 267-2262
Photo of Mark E Scalco, Psychologist in Durham, NC
Mark E Scalco
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
I take an active role within the therapy sessions to understand your issues and strengths, so that we might work toward solutions that are uniquely suited to you. I utilize a variety of techniques within a supportive and nurturing relationship. Techniques include insight-oriented, CBT, solution focused and ACT. I have worked with people of many different socioeconomic, religious, and ethnic backgrounds. I am also comfortable working with individuals of all sexual orientations. Please see my website at www.drscalco.weebly.com.
I take an active role within the therapy sessions to understand your issues and strengths, so that we might work toward solutions that are uniquely suited to you. I utilize a variety of techniques within a supportive and nurturing relationship. Techniques include insight-oriented, CBT, solution focused and ACT. I have worked with people of many different socioeconomic, religious, and ethnic backgrounds. I am also comfortable working with individuals of all sexual orientations. Please see my website at www.drscalco.weebly.com.
(919) 419-3110 x115 View (919) 419-3110 x115
Photo of Carolyn R Craft, Counselor in Durham, NC
Carolyn R Craft
Counselor, PsyD, MDiv
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
When your thoughts or actions do not match your feelings, or you find that certain relationships are a problem, it could be time to explore what hidden patterns might be impacting your life. Because you are always in relationship to those in your world, whether family, work, or with a significant other; it is important to find ways to calm overwhelming emotions, overcome negative feelings, develop effective communication skills and discover the real issues in your life. In a non-invasive therapy environment, together we will build permanent resources to support you in being who you truly want to be.
When your thoughts or actions do not match your feelings, or you find that certain relationships are a problem, it could be time to explore what hidden patterns might be impacting your life. Because you are always in relationship to those in your world, whether family, work, or with a significant other; it is important to find ways to calm overwhelming emotions, overcome negative feelings, develop effective communication skills and discover the real issues in your life. In a non-invasive therapy environment, together we will build permanent resources to support you in being who you truly want to be.
(919) 429-7932 View (919) 429-7932
Photo of Orlando Dowdy, Pastoral Counselor in Durham, NC
Orlando Dowdy
Pastoral Counselor, DMin, MDiv
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27704
I am a therapist who believes in the authenticity of each person's struggles as they encounter them in their journey through life. I seek to help others in the curing of their souls through psychotherapy. I make every effort to provide a therapeutic environment that is non-judgmental, supportive, safe, nurturing and empathic. Making the decision to come to counseling can be difficult and overwhelming. It's a privilege for me to be present with you in this process. If you have any questions please don't hesitate to email or call.
I am a therapist who believes in the authenticity of each person's struggles as they encounter them in their journey through life. I seek to help others in the curing of their souls through psychotherapy. I make every effort to provide a therapeutic environment that is non-judgmental, supportive, safe, nurturing and empathic. Making the decision to come to counseling can be difficult and overwhelming. It's a privilege for me to be present with you in this process. If you have any questions please don't hesitate to email or call.
(919) 975-5892 View (919) 975-5892
Photo of Amber N Brown, Psychological Associate in Durham, NC
Amber N Brown
Psychological Associate, MA, LPA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27707
I work with adolescents and adults on issues that include depression, anxiety, chronic stress, traumatic stress, grief, and life transitions. I help people address concerns with family dynamics, interpersonal relationships, body image, self-esteem, and identity exploration. My approach to therapy integrates multiple perspectives including DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) solutions-focused, strengths-based, person-centered therapies, and mindfulness-based and body-centered (somatic) practices. I accept Loveland Foundation vouchers.
I work with adolescents and adults on issues that include depression, anxiety, chronic stress, traumatic stress, grief, and life transitions. I help people address concerns with family dynamics, interpersonal relationships, body image, self-esteem, and identity exploration. My approach to therapy integrates multiple perspectives including DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) solutions-focused, strengths-based, person-centered therapies, and mindfulness-based and body-centered (somatic) practices. I accept Loveland Foundation vouchers.
(984) 231-9829 View (984) 231-9829
Photo of Debra Parker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Debra Parker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27707
I have 15 years of experience working with clients with trauma and mood disorders. I also work with people struggling with eating disorders, grief/loss and life transitions. I speak Spanish and have a strong interest in working with Hispanic/Latinx communities. I am a strong advocate for the LGBTQIA+ community. I find tremendous benefit in assisting people with identifying various forms of oppression (e.g., racism, sexism, homophobia, etc.) and understanding how these impact their lives. In my practice, I focus on helping people to free themselves from the effects of difficult, early and ongoing life experiences.
I have 15 years of experience working with clients with trauma and mood disorders. I also work with people struggling with eating disorders, grief/loss and life transitions. I speak Spanish and have a strong interest in working with Hispanic/Latinx communities. I am a strong advocate for the LGBTQIA+ community. I find tremendous benefit in assisting people with identifying various forms of oppression (e.g., racism, sexism, homophobia, etc.) and understanding how these impact their lives. In my practice, I focus on helping people to free themselves from the effects of difficult, early and ongoing life experiences.
(919) 728-5363 View (919) 728-5363
Photo of David M Franzen, Pastoral Counselor in Durham, NC
David M Franzen
Pastoral Counselor, MDiv, ThM, DMin
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27705
My highest priority is to respect the integrity, faith and values of each person. I work with a variety of people and have an extensive psychodynamic and psychoanalytic background, advanced degrees in Psychology and Theology, and decades of clinical experience with persons and families in crisis. I welcome clients from any (or no) faith tradition. I have decades of experience working with people struggling with loss, grief, anxiety, depression and relationship issues. Visit me at www.drdavidfranzen.com. I'd be honored to walk alongside you as you journey toward greater wholeness, and health.
My highest priority is to respect the integrity, faith and values of each person. I work with a variety of people and have an extensive psychodynamic and psychoanalytic background, advanced degrees in Psychology and Theology, and decades of clinical experience with persons and families in crisis. I welcome clients from any (or no) faith tradition. I have decades of experience working with people struggling with loss, grief, anxiety, depression and relationship issues. Visit me at www.drdavidfranzen.com. I'd be honored to walk alongside you as you journey toward greater wholeness, and health.
(919) 561-6118 View (919) 561-6118
Photo of Kamala L Uzzell, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Durham, NC
Kamala L Uzzell
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
Not accepting new clients
Do you desire to lead a happier and more fulfilled life? Have you experienced a loss or trauma? If so, I'd like to help you. With over 20 years of counseling experience, I am a national board certified, licensed therapist with specialties in depression, PTSD, anxiety, and relationship issues.
Do you desire to lead a happier and more fulfilled life? Have you experienced a loss or trauma? If so, I'd like to help you. With over 20 years of counseling experience, I am a national board certified, licensed therapist with specialties in depression, PTSD, anxiety, and relationship issues.
(984) 265-8141 View (984) 265-8141
Photo of Melvin Gaddy, Counselor in Durham, NC
Melvin Gaddy
Counselor, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27703  (Online Only)
Everyone thinks you have it all together but in reality, you’re exhausted. The fear of judgment forces you to suppress your feelings. So you keep a smile on your face and continue showing up for others even when you don’t want to because you don’t want to let them down. You manage to push through every day and find yourself feeling tired, alone, and frustrated because no one understands and shows up for you when you need it most. The time for a change has been long overdue, but figuring out where to start is a challenge all in itself.
Everyone thinks you have it all together but in reality, you’re exhausted. The fear of judgment forces you to suppress your feelings. So you keep a smile on your face and continue showing up for others even when you don’t want to because you don’t want to let them down. You manage to push through every day and find yourself feeling tired, alone, and frustrated because no one understands and shows up for you when you need it most. The time for a change has been long overdue, but figuring out where to start is a challenge all in itself.
(984) 400-5023 View (984) 400-5023
Photo of Katie Totten, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Katie Totten
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CEDS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed, discouraged, or unsatisfied in life? Are you struggling to accept and love your body? You may be feeling stuck or lost, but living a values based, fulfilling life is possible. My goal is to support clients to creating a life they desire through consistent empathy and unconditional positive regard. Therapy can be a powerful tool in increasing quality of life and the therapeutic relationship is essential in this process. I am a Health at Every Size (HAES) aligned provider. Note: I am newer to this practice (but not to being a therapist), so I have sessions available almost immediately. I'd love to help.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, discouraged, or unsatisfied in life? Are you struggling to accept and love your body? You may be feeling stuck or lost, but living a values based, fulfilling life is possible. My goal is to support clients to creating a life they desire through consistent empathy and unconditional positive regard. Therapy can be a powerful tool in increasing quality of life and the therapeutic relationship is essential in this process. I am a Health at Every Size (HAES) aligned provider. Note: I am newer to this practice (but not to being a therapist), so I have sessions available almost immediately. I'd love to help.
(984) 266-3602 View (984) 266-3602
Photo of Dale Anderson in Durham, NC
Dale Anderson
MA, LCMHC-A, LCAS-A, NCC
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27705
If you have come across my profile, I would like to congratulate you on taking the courageous step of seeking help. If you have found yourself burnt out, emotionally dysregulated, experiencing irrational thoughts, intrusive memories, anxious, struggling to let go of the past, unable to make sound decisions and or feeling completely lost in your identity then I am here to help. Help looks different to every individual seeking it and my job is to offer services tailored to your individual needs. My goal, as your therapist, is to create a safe environment for you to explore this thing called “Life” and ALL that it brings.
If you have come across my profile, I would like to congratulate you on taking the courageous step of seeking help. If you have found yourself burnt out, emotionally dysregulated, experiencing irrational thoughts, intrusive memories, anxious, struggling to let go of the past, unable to make sound decisions and or feeling completely lost in your identity then I am here to help. Help looks different to every individual seeking it and my job is to offer services tailored to your individual needs. My goal, as your therapist, is to create a safe environment for you to explore this thing called “Life” and ALL that it brings.
(919) 289-8530 View (919) 289-8530
Photo of Karen N Willis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Karen N Willis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27705
Not accepting new clients
My approach draws on one's strengths to overcome obstacles to a more authentic and fulfilling life. I believe it is important to take time to fully understand an individual's unique life and concerns. The most common concerns clients come to discuss involve relationship difficulties and/or feelings of distress, worry, or sadness. Many of my clients are feeling intense stress due to changing life circumstances. Through therapy new perspectives and ways of coping and/or solving problems can be found.
My approach draws on one's strengths to overcome obstacles to a more authentic and fulfilling life. I believe it is important to take time to fully understand an individual's unique life and concerns. The most common concerns clients come to discuss involve relationship difficulties and/or feelings of distress, worry, or sadness. Many of my clients are feeling intense stress due to changing life circumstances. Through therapy new perspectives and ways of coping and/or solving problems can be found.
(919) 587-8016 View (919) 587-8016
Photo of Dr. Parker T. Hurley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Dr. Parker T. Hurley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
Pronouns: he/him. I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) based on Eno, Tutelo, Saponi, Occaneechi, Shakori, Cheraw, Tuscarora, and Lumbee ancestral land (Durham, NC) and have been providing therapy for the past 8-9 years. As an openly queer, Black, trans masculine, neurodivergent abolitionist, I understand how challenging it can be to receive care that is truly affirming and anti-oppressive. My clinical practice is informed by my experiences of both oppression and privilege; and I strive to provide care that is trauma-informed, anti-ableist, sex and kink positive, fat-positive, poly-friendly and liberation-centered.
Pronouns: he/him. I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) based on Eno, Tutelo, Saponi, Occaneechi, Shakori, Cheraw, Tuscarora, and Lumbee ancestral land (Durham, NC) and have been providing therapy for the past 8-9 years. As an openly queer, Black, trans masculine, neurodivergent abolitionist, I understand how challenging it can be to receive care that is truly affirming and anti-oppressive. My clinical practice is informed by my experiences of both oppression and privilege; and I strive to provide care that is trauma-informed, anti-ableist, sex and kink positive, fat-positive, poly-friendly and liberation-centered.
(984) 409-9723 View (984) 409-9723
Photo of Bennett Wood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Bennett Wood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27705
I became a therapist because I value complexity. We each have our own vision for a life that feels vibrant, authentic, and fulfilling. As your therapist, it's my job to walk with you through the process of learning about yourself, growing, and getting more of what you want out of life. I work primarily with queer and trans people age 11 and older but offer individual, relationship, and family therapy services to clients of all backgrounds. I also offer autism and ADHD assessments for adolescents and adults.
I became a therapist because I value complexity. We each have our own vision for a life that feels vibrant, authentic, and fulfilling. As your therapist, it's my job to walk with you through the process of learning about yourself, growing, and getting more of what you want out of life. I work primarily with queer and trans people age 11 and older but offer individual, relationship, and family therapy services to clients of all backgrounds. I also offer autism and ADHD assessments for adolescents and adults.
(984) 217-4931 View (984) 217-4931

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Durham, NC

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Durham, NC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
70% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
50% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Durham, NC see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
17% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Durham?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.