Therapists in West Lafayette, IN

Photo of Melodie Martini, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Melodie Martini
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
I am looking for a client who is motivated to make changes, may be struggling with depression or anxiety, or may even have some trauma that needs to be addressed. The ideal client would be ready to take the needed steps to make progress.
I am looking for a client who is motivated to make changes, may be struggling with depression or anxiety, or may even have some trauma that needs to be addressed. The ideal client would be ready to take the needed steps to make progress.
(463) 220-4920 View (463) 220-4920
Photo of Cat Sorenson, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Cat Sorenson
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
Beginning therapy can be a daunting step. It's natural to be unsure about what to anticipate or question if it will be beneficial. You may worry overcome by difficult emotions during sessions. We all hope to traverse life's trials independently, but sometimes the path grows obscured when burdens become too heavy to bear alone. In these times, seeking professional support can help illuminate the way forward again. With compassion and skill, I can guide you to rediscover inner resources and find relief. I can help you navigate life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting issues, addictions, or family/relationship stress.
Beginning therapy can be a daunting step. It's natural to be unsure about what to anticipate or question if it will be beneficial. You may worry overcome by difficult emotions during sessions. We all hope to traverse life's trials independently, but sometimes the path grows obscured when burdens become too heavy to bear alone. In these times, seeking professional support can help illuminate the way forward again. With compassion and skill, I can guide you to rediscover inner resources and find relief. I can help you navigate life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting issues, addictions, or family/relationship stress.
(765) 201-0518 View (765) 201-0518
Photo of Lynn Dotterer, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Lynn Dotterer
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I recognize that everyone needs a little help sometimes. My passion is to come alongside those who are hurting and journey with them toward healing. My goal as a counselor is to provide a safe and welcoming environment in which clients can feel safe and connected while pursuing their goals toward wholeness and wellness. I draw from a range of interventions while valuing the collaborative relationship that is so necessary for healing and growth. My experience has included working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, life adjustments, grief and loss, relational issues, trauma, ADHD, and more.
I recognize that everyone needs a little help sometimes. My passion is to come alongside those who are hurting and journey with them toward healing. My goal as a counselor is to provide a safe and welcoming environment in which clients can feel safe and connected while pursuing their goals toward wholeness and wellness. I draw from a range of interventions while valuing the collaborative relationship that is so necessary for healing and growth. My experience has included working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, life adjustments, grief and loss, relational issues, trauma, ADHD, and more.
(765) 737-2420 View (765) 737-2420
Photo of Sophie Hans, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Sophie Hans
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
My ideal client is someone who comes to therapy in a time of need. They might be experiencing anxiety due to life changes and transitions or they might be experiencing symptoms of anxiety for the first time and be concerne as to where the anxiety came from. The client might be processing loss or grief from a loved one or past friendships and or relationships. My ideal client will have needs such as needing to identify coping skills to get through life stressors, assistance with reaching goals. As a therapist I would be able to provide the client with a objective perspective to bounce their ideas and situations off of.
My ideal client is someone who comes to therapy in a time of need. They might be experiencing anxiety due to life changes and transitions or they might be experiencing symptoms of anxiety for the first time and be concerne as to where the anxiety came from. The client might be processing loss or grief from a loved one or past friendships and or relationships. My ideal client will have needs such as needing to identify coping skills to get through life stressors, assistance with reaching goals. As a therapist I would be able to provide the client with a objective perspective to bounce their ideas and situations off of.
(463) 263-3925 View (463) 263-3925
Photo of Renee Heldman, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Renee Heldman
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
My ideal client would be someone who is geared towards helping themselves and needing guidance on how to do so. Someone who has a grasp on the importance of the client putting in the work to truly help heal themselves but needing assistance ensuring they are doing things in a healthy and emotionally intelligent fashion. Talk therapy is very important for clients who even just want to come and vent, which I believe helps the mind unclutter.
My ideal client would be someone who is geared towards helping themselves and needing guidance on how to do so. Someone who has a grasp on the importance of the client putting in the work to truly help heal themselves but needing assistance ensuring they are doing things in a healthy and emotionally intelligent fashion. Talk therapy is very important for clients who even just want to come and vent, which I believe helps the mind unclutter.
(463) 583-2964 View (463) 583-2964
Photo of Gentle Beacon, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Gentle Beacon, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I believe you were born with the skills you need to live life. You can create, connect, and cut a rug. Sometimes through life we have an experience, environment, or emotion that is so strong; it separates us from our natural skills. Where we once had ease and order, we now have dis-ease and dis-order. I believe combining our skills, self-determination, and safety will get us back to ourselves and living once again.
I believe you were born with the skills you need to live life. You can create, connect, and cut a rug. Sometimes through life we have an experience, environment, or emotion that is so strong; it separates us from our natural skills. Where we once had ease and order, we now have dis-ease and dis-order. I believe combining our skills, self-determination, and safety will get us back to ourselves and living once again.
(765) 375-1796 View (765) 375-1796
Photo of Rebecca Austin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Rebecca Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
(463) 583-7827 View (463) 583-7827
Photo of Megan Mahoney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Megan Mahoney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I have been working as a clinical therapist since 1992. I previously worked in mental health hospitals and in community mental health centers. I work with compassion and empathy to help clients address their mental health difficulties, by fostering an atmosphere of harmony allowing for open sharing of feelings and thought’s so they can reach their full potential. As a highly skilled, strength based, and solution oriented licensed clinical social worker, I have developed a track record of successfully working with a diverse population in a one on one or group setting.
I have been working as a clinical therapist since 1992. I previously worked in mental health hospitals and in community mental health centers. I work with compassion and empathy to help clients address their mental health difficulties, by fostering an atmosphere of harmony allowing for open sharing of feelings and thought’s so they can reach their full potential. As a highly skilled, strength based, and solution oriented licensed clinical social worker, I have developed a track record of successfully working with a diverse population in a one on one or group setting.
(765) 590-5755 View (765) 590-5755
Photo of Gen Judayna Elmahdi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Gen Judayna Elmahdi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47996  (Online Only)
Visit Gen at www.facebook.com/genjudaynaprivatepractice/ or www.genjudayna.com . Gen's life's work is to assist you in realizing who you were created to be and realizing all that you are. Gen genuinely cares about her clients and will go above and beyond to provide the best guidance and support. She will take the time to listen, assess, understand, and provide helpful insights to assist you in dealing with your current situation. Gen believes in meeting clients where they are and working together on goals that are important to the individual or family.
Visit Gen at www.facebook.com/genjudaynaprivatepractice/ or www.genjudayna.com . Gen's life's work is to assist you in realizing who you were created to be and realizing all that you are. Gen genuinely cares about her clients and will go above and beyond to provide the best guidance and support. She will take the time to listen, assess, understand, and provide helpful insights to assist you in dealing with your current situation. Gen believes in meeting clients where they are and working together on goals that are important to the individual or family.
(765) 780-0886 View (765) 780-0886
Photo of Still Waters Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Still Waters Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I love working with clients who are curious about themselves. Anxiety, depression, perfectionism, spirituality, relationship issues and self acceptance are the areas I work with most frequently. I see adolescants through adulthood. Life has many transitions, twists and turns. I enjoying being part of the process as clients begin to connect pieces of life and reframe the negative narratives they once believed into empowerment and strength.
I love working with clients who are curious about themselves. Anxiety, depression, perfectionism, spirituality, relationship issues and self acceptance are the areas I work with most frequently. I see adolescants through adulthood. Life has many transitions, twists and turns. I enjoying being part of the process as clients begin to connect pieces of life and reframe the negative narratives they once believed into empowerment and strength.
(765) 562-9960 View (765) 562-9960
Photo of Rebecca Peters, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Rebecca Peters
Counselor, LMHC, RPT-S, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
Waitlist for new clients
Raising children is the hardest and most rewarding job you will ever have. When a child has experienced trauma, transition or is struggling with another concern, it is even more difficult. I work with children and their families to help them integrate their unique experiences in the world. There is hope, help and support for children who are struggling with; trauma, grief/loss, transitions, ADHD, anxiety, defiance, depression, and worry. I believe in the power of play and the ability of children and families to grow towards health and healing.
Raising children is the hardest and most rewarding job you will ever have. When a child has experienced trauma, transition or is struggling with another concern, it is even more difficult. I work with children and their families to help them integrate their unique experiences in the world. There is hope, help and support for children who are struggling with; trauma, grief/loss, transitions, ADHD, anxiety, defiance, depression, and worry. I believe in the power of play and the ability of children and families to grow towards health and healing.
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Photo of Victoria Fox, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Victoria Fox
Counselor, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
My ideal client is someone who feels stuck concerning their relationships, emotions, work, finances, health, or purpose. They are looking for an identity outside of parent or worker. They are feeling depressed and hopeless lately. They are the type that is generally anxious, worried, or on edge. Their goal may be to change their life, but they are not sure how. They may have tried a ton of different self-help, spiritual, or healing modalities on their own but had moments where they have started to think it's never going to happen for them. They need to break free of nonproductive cycles and poor choices to change their lives.
My ideal client is someone who feels stuck concerning their relationships, emotions, work, finances, health, or purpose. They are looking for an identity outside of parent or worker. They are feeling depressed and hopeless lately. They are the type that is generally anxious, worried, or on edge. Their goal may be to change their life, but they are not sure how. They may have tried a ton of different self-help, spiritual, or healing modalities on their own but had moments where they have started to think it's never going to happen for them. They need to break free of nonproductive cycles and poor choices to change their lives.
(463) 255-4589 View (463) 255-4589
Photo of Brittany Sperka, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Brittany Sperka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
I appreciate someone with an open heart and a willingness to explore their inner self. I value individuals who are ready to engage and connect in meaningful conversations. I know it can be hard to take the first step for help, and look for someone who is committed to their own growth and willing to collaborate in their goals. Trust, honesty, and a desire to change create a supportive connecting environment where healing and transformation can take place.
I appreciate someone with an open heart and a willingness to explore their inner self. I value individuals who are ready to engage and connect in meaningful conversations. I know it can be hard to take the first step for help, and look for someone who is committed to their own growth and willing to collaborate in their goals. Trust, honesty, and a desire to change create a supportive connecting environment where healing and transformation can take place.
(463) 583-1636 View (463) 583-1636
Photo of Angelica Ronke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Angelica Ronke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906
Hello there! My name is Ama Angelica Marilyn Ronke, LCSW, and I am thrilled to have the opportunity to share with you a little about my approach to therapy and my focus areas of practice. As a licensed clinical social worker in both Indiana and Florida, I am dedicated to providing my clients with a safe and supportive space to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I understand that taking the first step can be daunting and may bring up a lot of questions and concerns. I want to assure you that in our first session together, we will explore your needs and what you hope to gain from therapy.
Hello there! My name is Ama Angelica Marilyn Ronke, LCSW, and I am thrilled to have the opportunity to share with you a little about my approach to therapy and my focus areas of practice. As a licensed clinical social worker in both Indiana and Florida, I am dedicated to providing my clients with a safe and supportive space to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I understand that taking the first step can be daunting and may bring up a lot of questions and concerns. I want to assure you that in our first session together, we will explore your needs and what you hope to gain from therapy.
(765) 577-2853 View (765) 577-2853
Photo of Emily Nolan, Pre-Licensed Professional in West Lafayette, IN
Emily Nolan
Pre-Licensed Professional, M Ed
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906
Not accepting new clients
I'm a middle school counselor currently working on my career transition to LMHC. I am not yet licensed but I am under the supervision of a licensed LCSW. Though I am still unable to take one-on-one clients, I will be co-leading groups with my supervision to gain experience working with adults. I'm excited for this opportunity to learn and grow while helping others do the same!
I'm a middle school counselor currently working on my career transition to LMHC. I am not yet licensed but I am under the supervision of a licensed LCSW. Though I am still unable to take one-on-one clients, I will be co-leading groups with my supervision to gain experience working with adults. I'm excited for this opportunity to learn and grow while helping others do the same!
(765) 562-9766 View (765) 562-9766
Photo of Lea Scott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Lea Scott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I know that sometimes daily responsibilities can feel like too much. You might be feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or depressed. You may be feeling the impact of trauma from the past. But I can assure you - you are not alone in this. I recognize that beginning therapy requires courage. I am here to support you through this journey. When you enter my office, my top priority is to cultivate a safe-judgement free space where you can feel heard and understood. Drawing from evidence-based therapies, I carefully tailor each session to fit your distinct needs and goals. I work with individuals, families and children.
I know that sometimes daily responsibilities can feel like too much. You might be feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or depressed. You may be feeling the impact of trauma from the past. But I can assure you - you are not alone in this. I recognize that beginning therapy requires courage. I am here to support you through this journey. When you enter my office, my top priority is to cultivate a safe-judgement free space where you can feel heard and understood. Drawing from evidence-based therapies, I carefully tailor each session to fit your distinct needs and goals. I work with individuals, families and children.
(765) 201-0518 View (765) 201-0518
Photo of Cristina Alba, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Cristina Alba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906
I'm Cristina Alba, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) dedicated to fostering positive change and well-being. With a compassionate and client-centered approach, I believe in creating a safe space where individuals can explore, heal, and grow. I specialize in providing support to adults and children who have experienced trauma, guiding them on a path of healing and resilience. My therapeutic approach is grounded in empathy and collaboration. I work collaboratively with clients, utilizing evidence-based practices to tailor interventions to individual needs.
I'm Cristina Alba, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) dedicated to fostering positive change and well-being. With a compassionate and client-centered approach, I believe in creating a safe space where individuals can explore, heal, and grow. I specialize in providing support to adults and children who have experienced trauma, guiding them on a path of healing and resilience. My therapeutic approach is grounded in empathy and collaboration. I work collaboratively with clients, utilizing evidence-based practices to tailor interventions to individual needs.
(765) 571-4032 View (765) 571-4032
Photo of Caitlin Porter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Caitlin Porter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47907
My ideal client is someone who acknowledges a problem exists, even if they don’t quite know what it is. The source of that issue can be discovered and processed through therapy, leaving the client with effective tools and skills to cope with and manage their emotions.
My ideal client is someone who acknowledges a problem exists, even if they don’t quite know what it is. The source of that issue can be discovered and processed through therapy, leaving the client with effective tools and skills to cope with and manage their emotions.
(765) 571-3610 View (765) 571-3610
Photo of Katherine Georgeoff Mohr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Lafayette, IN
Katherine Georgeoff Mohr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906  (Online Only)
Sleep troubles, Trauma, Chronic Pain, Anxiety or Depression negatively impacting your life? I believe clients are the expert of themselves. I have additional tools through training and experience to be part of a team approach with a client in the process of recovering from Insomnia, traumatic event(s) and other issues, in a relatively short amount of time when compared to typical therapies. Evidence-Based Therapy may be of interest to you because the rigorously researched therapy has shown to have consistent outcomes, tends to be less sessions than standard supportive therapy, which can be more cost-effective since less visits.
Sleep troubles, Trauma, Chronic Pain, Anxiety or Depression negatively impacting your life? I believe clients are the expert of themselves. I have additional tools through training and experience to be part of a team approach with a client in the process of recovering from Insomnia, traumatic event(s) and other issues, in a relatively short amount of time when compared to typical therapies. Evidence-Based Therapy may be of interest to you because the rigorously researched therapy has shown to have consistent outcomes, tends to be less sessions than standard supportive therapy, which can be more cost-effective since less visits.
(765) 436-1048 View (765) 436-1048
Photo of Caralyn M Wendling, Counselor in West Lafayette, IN
Caralyn M Wendling
Counselor, MS, LMHC, LAC
Verified Verified
West Lafayette, IN 47906
The path of life is rarely straight, and we all face ups and downs that can make us feel lost or out of balance. Seeking support when you're struggling requires courage, especially when feeling weighed down or distressed. I understand you’ve attempted contacting other therapists, and that their full caseloads have made timely responses challenging. I empathize with how disheartening that must feel when you're needing help urgently. Rest assured, I am ready and available to delve into your inner world without judgement or hesitation. I am here to listen wholeheartedly and guide you towards healing and growth.
The path of life is rarely straight, and we all face ups and downs that can make us feel lost or out of balance. Seeking support when you're struggling requires courage, especially when feeling weighed down or distressed. I understand you’ve attempted contacting other therapists, and that their full caseloads have made timely responses challenging. I empathize with how disheartening that must feel when you're needing help urgently. Rest assured, I am ready and available to delve into your inner world without judgement or hesitation. I am here to listen wholeheartedly and guide you towards healing and growth.
(765) 201-0518 View (765) 201-0518

See more therapy options for West Lafayette

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in West Lafayette, IN

100+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in West Lafayette, IN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
71% Stress
69% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Relationship Issues
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Anthem | Elevance
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in West Lafayette, IN see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in West Lafayette?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.