Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Mikaela Haley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Mikaela Haley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to regulate your emotions? Are you a person who needs help coping with your anxiety, depression, or trauma? Perhaps you need the space to express yourself and change your thinking patterns into open and self-accepting one's. Life can be difficult and I'm here to help you cope with life's struggles without feeling alone.
Are you struggling to regulate your emotions? Are you a person who needs help coping with your anxiety, depression, or trauma? Perhaps you need the space to express yourself and change your thinking patterns into open and self-accepting one's. Life can be difficult and I'm here to help you cope with life's struggles without feeling alone.
(520) 341-5424 View (520) 341-5424
Photo of Relationship Renovation Counseling Center, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Relationship Renovation Counseling Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Welcome to He Said She Said Counseling Center. Our mission is to help individuals, couples and families navigate the transitions of life with hope, love and resilience. In a comfortable and caring atmosphere, we will assess each client's needs and develop a personalized approach in supporting and reaching your desired goals.
Welcome to He Said She Said Counseling Center. Our mission is to help individuals, couples and families navigate the transitions of life with hope, love and resilience. In a comfortable and caring atmosphere, we will assess each client's needs and develop a personalized approach in supporting and reaching your desired goals.
(520) 447-1504 View (520) 447-1504
Photo of Corinne Amber Perez, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Corinne Amber Perez
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
I think we can all agree that life is challenging at times, but it can be a beautiful adventure, sometimes we just need someone to help us throughout our journey of self-discovery. Our pain, although unpleasant, can be an instrument that leads to growth and healing. The fact that your reading this means you still have hope. I’m glad you made it this far because that tells me that even after all you’ve been through, you believe in the possibility of change.
I think we can all agree that life is challenging at times, but it can be a beautiful adventure, sometimes we just need someone to help us throughout our journey of self-discovery. Our pain, although unpleasant, can be an instrument that leads to growth and healing. The fact that your reading this means you still have hope. I’m glad you made it this far because that tells me that even after all you’ve been through, you believe in the possibility of change.
(520) 348-2209 x1 View (520) 348-2209 x1
Photo of Casey Swenson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Casey Swenson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
Have you been struggling with trauma, emotional pain, thoughts of suicide, self-harm, or lack of support? Or have you experienced grief, loss, or complications in your relationships? Whether these feelings are temporary or lifelong, we do not need to continue with struggling alone. If life has been difficult or unmanageable, we can come together to find balance, understanding, and relief. In addition to therapy services, I offer Clinical Supervision to therapy licensees to guide them on their journey of licensure, providing ethical and compassionate supervision. Sessions offered in person or telehealth, weekends and evenings.
Have you been struggling with trauma, emotional pain, thoughts of suicide, self-harm, or lack of support? Or have you experienced grief, loss, or complications in your relationships? Whether these feelings are temporary or lifelong, we do not need to continue with struggling alone. If life has been difficult or unmanageable, we can come together to find balance, understanding, and relief. In addition to therapy services, I offer Clinical Supervision to therapy licensees to guide them on their journey of licensure, providing ethical and compassionate supervision. Sessions offered in person or telehealth, weekends and evenings.
(520) 379-7351 View (520) 379-7351
Photo of Anne Cona, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Anne Cona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85750  (Online Only)
ACCEPTING NEW TELE-HEALTH CLIENTS. I specialize in working with people struggling with Depression, Anxiety, Suicidal Thoughts, LGBTQ+ concerns, Trauma, Addition, Academic and Life Transitions, Relationship issues, Grief & Loss, Parenting, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Low Self-esteem. If your daily functioning is being impacted and you are struggling, participating in therapy can help you learn healthy ways of coping. As a mindfulness psychotherapist, I am passionate about helping people by creating a warm and non-judgmental environment and supporting them to live more fulfilled lives.
ACCEPTING NEW TELE-HEALTH CLIENTS. I specialize in working with people struggling with Depression, Anxiety, Suicidal Thoughts, LGBTQ+ concerns, Trauma, Addition, Academic and Life Transitions, Relationship issues, Grief & Loss, Parenting, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Low Self-esteem. If your daily functioning is being impacted and you are struggling, participating in therapy can help you learn healthy ways of coping. As a mindfulness psychotherapist, I am passionate about helping people by creating a warm and non-judgmental environment and supporting them to live more fulfilled lives.
(520) 402-4971 View (520) 402-4971
Photo of Joyce Luna Zymeck, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Joyce Luna Zymeck
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Are you feeling stressed, sad, in pain, anxious…or all of the above? Do you think you "should" feel happy, but you don't--and you're not sure why or what to do about it? Or maybe you're grieving a loss or a trauma & feeling lost yourself. No matter what you're facing, I'm here to help!! Since 2007, I've counseled diverse people from all walks of life. I use empathy, honesty, humor, & compassion in all my work. Combined with your innate wisdom & your courage in starting this process, we'll develop a safe, supportive therapeutic alliance that allows you to heal your past & live a happier, healthier, & brighter present & future.
Are you feeling stressed, sad, in pain, anxious…or all of the above? Do you think you "should" feel happy, but you don't--and you're not sure why or what to do about it? Or maybe you're grieving a loss or a trauma & feeling lost yourself. No matter what you're facing, I'm here to help!! Since 2007, I've counseled diverse people from all walks of life. I use empathy, honesty, humor, & compassion in all my work. Combined with your innate wisdom & your courage in starting this process, we'll develop a safe, supportive therapeutic alliance that allows you to heal your past & live a happier, healthier, & brighter present & future.
(520) 729-2140 View (520) 729-2140
Photo of Autumn Wiley-Hill, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Autumn Wiley-Hill
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
Not accepting new clients
Life sometimes (or often!) presents us with challenges, obstacles and opportunities. These can lead to suffering, self-doubt, self-criticism, or feeling lost and unfulfilled. There are times when we identify something in our lives that we want to change (or come to accept) - yet we find ourselves stuck and unable to shift out of our patterns. I am here to help you get "un-stuck" and to create a more meaningful and serene life. Psychotherapy can catalyze a process of overcoming barriers that stand in your way through attunement, curiosity, and compassion.
Life sometimes (or often!) presents us with challenges, obstacles and opportunities. These can lead to suffering, self-doubt, self-criticism, or feeling lost and unfulfilled. There are times when we identify something in our lives that we want to change (or come to accept) - yet we find ourselves stuck and unable to shift out of our patterns. I am here to help you get "un-stuck" and to create a more meaningful and serene life. Psychotherapy can catalyze a process of overcoming barriers that stand in your way through attunement, curiosity, and compassion.
(520) 463-4178 View (520) 463-4178
Photo of Desert Lotus Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Desert Lotus Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Young adulthood is an exciting time of growth and change. It can also be a time of stress and uncertainty as you navigate new directions in your life. During this time, we often feel challenged by new phases in our work, school, and relationships. You are moving toward independence and forming your identity while dealing with questions about your future. You may be struggling with your sense of meaning and purpose, or afraid to disappoint your family. Old coping skills aren't as effective anymore, or you may be concerned about your ability to cope in healthy ways. Having a safe space to work through these issues is so important!
Young adulthood is an exciting time of growth and change. It can also be a time of stress and uncertainty as you navigate new directions in your life. During this time, we often feel challenged by new phases in our work, school, and relationships. You are moving toward independence and forming your identity while dealing with questions about your future. You may be struggling with your sense of meaning and purpose, or afraid to disappoint your family. Old coping skills aren't as effective anymore, or you may be concerned about your ability to cope in healthy ways. Having a safe space to work through these issues is so important!
(520) 341-5409 View (520) 341-5409
Photo of Counseling Consulting, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Counseling Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC EAP, LMHC, LISAC, SAP CAP, IC&RC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85711
Life can be extremely difficult to navigate at times, especially when going through major life transitions. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing family conflict, depression, anxiety, stress-related issues, Grief and Loss, communication challenges, self-esteem issues. I am equipped with techniques that promote both verbal and non-verbal expressions in a therapeutic manner rather than stigmatizing. As a Substance Abuse Profesionnal (SAP) evaluate employees who have violated DOT drug and alcohol regulation and make recommendations education, treatment , continuing care, referrals for treatment, and follow-up testing.
Life can be extremely difficult to navigate at times, especially when going through major life transitions. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing family conflict, depression, anxiety, stress-related issues, Grief and Loss, communication challenges, self-esteem issues. I am equipped with techniques that promote both verbal and non-verbal expressions in a therapeutic manner rather than stigmatizing. As a Substance Abuse Profesionnal (SAP) evaluate employees who have violated DOT drug and alcohol regulation and make recommendations education, treatment , continuing care, referrals for treatment, and follow-up testing.
(808) 650-7566 View (808) 650-7566
Photo of Jessica Chasnoff, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Jessica Chasnoff
Psychologist, PsyD, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Waitlist for new clients
When we can trust who we are and experience a sense of safety within us, regardless of what shows up to challenge us in the outside world, we begin opening to life in a way that offers us true joy and peace. Your body has the inherent wisdom needed for that kind of healing. I work with women and non-binary folx, and fit best with those seeking something different from traditional talk therapy. I provide an empathic and safe environment in which clients who seek to understand themselves further can explore who they are, free from judgment or criticism, and expand their capacity to tolerate difficulties they may encounter.
When we can trust who we are and experience a sense of safety within us, regardless of what shows up to challenge us in the outside world, we begin opening to life in a way that offers us true joy and peace. Your body has the inherent wisdom needed for that kind of healing. I work with women and non-binary folx, and fit best with those seeking something different from traditional talk therapy. I provide an empathic and safe environment in which clients who seek to understand themselves further can explore who they are, free from judgment or criticism, and expand their capacity to tolerate difficulties they may encounter.
(520) 394-4812 View (520) 394-4812
Photo of Francis Fountain, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Francis Fountain
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
I have certifications in Trauma and Grief and Bereavement, and specialize in these areas, along with substance abuse, addictions, and mood and personality disorders. I use an integrated approach to therapy by using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Structural Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
I have certifications in Trauma and Grief and Bereavement, and specialize in these areas, along with substance abuse, addictions, and mood and personality disorders. I use an integrated approach to therapy by using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Structural Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(520) 595-4843 View (520) 595-4843
Photo of Stacey Stocks @ Entune Behavioral Health, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Stacey Stocks @ Entune Behavioral Health
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
My clients seek support for issues like Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, and Substance Use. They desire relief from distress, healthier coping mechanisms, and improved relationships. I provide a safe, judgment-free space and practical tools to navigate their struggles. Together, we work towards healing, growth, and a greater sense of wellbeing.
My clients seek support for issues like Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, and Substance Use. They desire relief from distress, healthier coping mechanisms, and improved relationships. I provide a safe, judgment-free space and practical tools to navigate their struggles. Together, we work towards healing, growth, and a greater sense of wellbeing.
(520) 436-1563 View (520) 436-1563
Photo of Rahul Sivaprasad, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Rahul Sivaprasad
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
A native of Portsmouth, New Hampshire I am a licensed marriage and family therapist in New Hampshire and Arizona. I am a Clinical Fellow with the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy and serve on the Board of the Greengard Center for Autism in Portsmouth, NH. I had extensive training in dialectical-behavioral and cognitive behavioral therapies. I also employ solution-focused therapy as well as strategic brief therapy. With couples, I utilize Emotionally Focused Therapy which helps clients reconnect with their partners. Specialties include: -Trauma -Internet Pornography addiction -Mood disorders -Crisis Management -Parenting -Meditation/mindfulness training
A native of Portsmouth, New Hampshire I am a licensed marriage and family therapist in New Hampshire and Arizona. I am a Clinical Fellow with the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy and serve on the Board of the Greengard Center for Autism in Portsmouth, NH. I had extensive training in dialectical-behavioral and cognitive behavioral therapies. I also employ solution-focused therapy as well as strategic brief therapy. With couples, I utilize Emotionally Focused Therapy which helps clients reconnect with their partners. Specialties include: -Trauma -Internet Pornography addiction -Mood disorders -Crisis Management -Parenting -Meditation/mindfulness training
(520) 214-4073 x1 View (520) 214-4073 x1
Photo of Lori D Maestas, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tucson, AZ
Lori D Maestas
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA, MAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
My purpose in providing counseling is to help individuals heal from trauma and other mental health issues and learn effective strategies to live fulfilling and meaningful lives. I believe that counseling can be instrumental in helping individuals know themselves more deeply and can facilitate changes that will positively affect his/her mental health, self-concept, and interpersonal relationships.
My purpose in providing counseling is to help individuals heal from trauma and other mental health issues and learn effective strategies to live fulfilling and meaningful lives. I believe that counseling can be instrumental in helping individuals know themselves more deeply and can facilitate changes that will positively affect his/her mental health, self-concept, and interpersonal relationships.
(520) 636-8372 View (520) 636-8372
Photo of Lianna Rodela-Gomez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Lianna Rodela-Gomez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, 20887
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Hello, I’m Lianna! I am a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW), currently offering in-person services with L&C Therapy. I am an eager, dedicated and passionate social worker providing services to children, teens and families. I have worked with diverse cultural groups and understand various points of views and values. I am always rooting for my clients, while advocating for what they want for themselves (and/or family). I strive to provide a safe space and understanding where I encourage autonomy and assist with self- discovery.
Hello, I’m Lianna! I am a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW), currently offering in-person services with L&C Therapy. I am an eager, dedicated and passionate social worker providing services to children, teens and families. I have worked with diverse cultural groups and understand various points of views and values. I am always rooting for my clients, while advocating for what they want for themselves (and/or family). I strive to provide a safe space and understanding where I encourage autonomy and assist with self- discovery.
(520) 597-7882 View (520) 597-7882
Photo of Jennifer Truman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Jennifer Truman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85710
Do you find your self feeling unmotivated, stuck or depressed in your experiences? Do you desire to change but don't know how? We all have these moments. It would be an honor to provide you the tools to release, revive and love life again.
Do you find your self feeling unmotivated, stuck or depressed in your experiences? Do you desire to change but don't know how? We all have these moments. It would be an honor to provide you the tools to release, revive and love life again.
(620) 254-9778 View (620) 254-9778
Photo of Tucson Neuropsycholgy Institute, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Tucson Neuropsycholgy Institute
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
Tucson Neuropsychology Institute (TNI) offers comprehensive evaluations for both children and adults. Our psychologists have experience with a range of neurological, neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and chronic health issues. We provide evaluations to assess ADHD, autism, TBI, memory loss, and learning disorders. With over 50 years of combined experience serving the greater Tucson area, TNI’s mission is to provide the highest quality care to our patients, to actively contribute to the advancement of the field of neuropsychology, and to improve the lives of those in our community.
Tucson Neuropsychology Institute (TNI) offers comprehensive evaluations for both children and adults. Our psychologists have experience with a range of neurological, neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and chronic health issues. We provide evaluations to assess ADHD, autism, TBI, memory loss, and learning disorders. With over 50 years of combined experience serving the greater Tucson area, TNI’s mission is to provide the highest quality care to our patients, to actively contribute to the advancement of the field of neuropsychology, and to improve the lives of those in our community.
(520) 492-0957 View (520) 492-0957
Photo of Tristan Mitchell-Shannon - Gender Identity Center, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Tristan Mitchell-Shannon - Gender Identity Center
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
I am a Licensed Associate Counselor, holding a Master’s degree in Community and Trauma Counseling. In 2016 I received my Bachelor’s degree in Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality studies and I could not be more excited to walk alongside you in your identity journey! No matter what part of it you are in, everyone deserves a kind person to lean on for support. I value autonomy and your ability to make decisions that feel best for you, even if it takes some time to figure out what those are. Therapy, inherently, is a very vulnerable process but seeking it out when life has been challenging is a brave decision.
I am a Licensed Associate Counselor, holding a Master’s degree in Community and Trauma Counseling. In 2016 I received my Bachelor’s degree in Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality studies and I could not be more excited to walk alongside you in your identity journey! No matter what part of it you are in, everyone deserves a kind person to lean on for support. I value autonomy and your ability to make decisions that feel best for you, even if it takes some time to figure out what those are. Therapy, inherently, is a very vulnerable process but seeking it out when life has been challenging is a brave decision.
(520) 391-6435 View (520) 391-6435
Photo of Pamela Gonzalez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Pamela Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85750  (Online Only)
Being a Latina in our current times can be challenging. My young adult Latina clients find themselves feeling stuck, overwhelmed and exhausted. They are trying to embrace their culture, honor their family's values and at the same time trying to find their own voice and individuality. Struggling to find a purpose, overwhelmed with expectations, isolated and in constant search for wellbeing in this fast paced world. Are you a Latina struggling with life transitions, relationships, body image, anxiety, depression? Are you searching for a more balanced life where your mental health is your priority? I recognize your journey, I can help.
Being a Latina in our current times can be challenging. My young adult Latina clients find themselves feeling stuck, overwhelmed and exhausted. They are trying to embrace their culture, honor their family's values and at the same time trying to find their own voice and individuality. Struggling to find a purpose, overwhelmed with expectations, isolated and in constant search for wellbeing in this fast paced world. Are you a Latina struggling with life transitions, relationships, body image, anxiety, depression? Are you searching for a more balanced life where your mental health is your priority? I recognize your journey, I can help.
(520) 495-2293 View (520) 495-2293
Photo of Marcus De Volder (Spartan Therapy Associates), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Marcus De Volder (Spartan Therapy Associates)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Our perception defines our reality. How will you define yours?
Our perception defines our reality. How will you define yours?
(520) 353-2615 View (520) 353-2615

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
80% Self Esteem
78% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.