Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

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Photo of OCD & Anxiety Specialists, Resident in Counseling in Virginia Beach, VA
OCD & Anxiety Specialists
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452  (Online Only)
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards specializing with people experiencing anxiety and OCD. The form of therapy and methods I use are considered the gold standard for working with these challenges in a way that helps the person Take Back Control.
My name is Michael Sheffield and alongside obtaining my Master's degree, I have been working in the counseling field with people for 3 years. Life is hitting you hard right now and you're stuck. Maybe you feel alone. Maybe you struggle doing what you need or want to get done. Maybe you struggle with the way your mind works. Or just maybe you feel like there's not much meaning in your life. My life and training are lent towards specializing with people experiencing anxiety and OCD. The form of therapy and methods I use are considered the gold standard for working with these challenges in a way that helps the person Take Back Control.
(757) 210-6681 View (757) 210-6681
Photo of Keri Willis-Higgons, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Keri Willis-Higgons
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23451
I am an experienced therapist offering counseling to individuals and couples. I provide a professional, relaxed environment in which clients will receive honest feedback and support surrounding their life stressors. I enjoy supporting clients in all phases of life transitions as they embark on a journey of increased health and well-being. I am certified in EMDR, as well as a specialist in perinatal mental health. I am also trained in Brainspotting. Using these approaches, as well as talk therapy, can truly help clients process the root issues related to current stressors.
I am an experienced therapist offering counseling to individuals and couples. I provide a professional, relaxed environment in which clients will receive honest feedback and support surrounding their life stressors. I enjoy supporting clients in all phases of life transitions as they embark on a journey of increased health and well-being. I am certified in EMDR, as well as a specialist in perinatal mental health. I am also trained in Brainspotting. Using these approaches, as well as talk therapy, can truly help clients process the root issues related to current stressors.
(757) 371-2700 View (757) 371-2700
Photo of Rachel Biesemeyer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Rachel Biesemeyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Hello, my name is Rachel Biesemeyer, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults from all walks of life. My approach to therapy is founded on building a solid therapeutic relationship and integrating coping skills that are practical and helpful with life's struggles. My client focus ranges from children, adolescents to adults from all walks of life. I have treated individuals with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/shame, mood disorders, ADHD, and ODD.
Hello, my name is Rachel Biesemeyer, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults from all walks of life. My approach to therapy is founded on building a solid therapeutic relationship and integrating coping skills that are practical and helpful with life's struggles. My client focus ranges from children, adolescents to adults from all walks of life. I have treated individuals with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/shame, mood disorders, ADHD, and ODD.
(757) 992-9471 View (757) 992-9471
Photo of Stacie Kruzinski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Stacie Kruzinski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hello, I'm Stacie. As a licensed clinical social worker, I bring extensive experience across various healthcare settings, including inpatient psychiatric facilities and outpatient psychiatric/substance use treatment centers. My focus lies in empowering individuals to discover their inner drive for transformation, fostering stress management techniques, and nurturing self-assurance. My counseling approach is characterized by authenticity, support, genuineness, kindness, compassion, and responsiveness.
Hello, I'm Stacie. As a licensed clinical social worker, I bring extensive experience across various healthcare settings, including inpatient psychiatric facilities and outpatient psychiatric/substance use treatment centers. My focus lies in empowering individuals to discover their inner drive for transformation, fostering stress management techniques, and nurturing self-assurance. My counseling approach is characterized by authenticity, support, genuineness, kindness, compassion, and responsiveness.
(732) 335-6791 x1 View (732) 335-6791 x1
Photo of Erica Sartwell - Cova Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Erica Sartwell - Cova Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Our practice provides a comfortable, calm and private environment where we can focus on a goal driven process. Regardless of the issues you are facing, we can work toward realistic, attainable outcomes. I work with children, adolescents and adults. Please visit our website at www.coastalvacounseling.com or call us today so we can evaluate your needs, make sure we are a good fit and get the process started. I have advanced training in DBT and DBT-C, EMDR certified therapist, and I am a Registered Play Therapist-Supervisor and qualified supervisor in the state of Virginia.
Our practice provides a comfortable, calm and private environment where we can focus on a goal driven process. Regardless of the issues you are facing, we can work toward realistic, attainable outcomes. I work with children, adolescents and adults. Please visit our website at www.coastalvacounseling.com or call us today so we can evaluate your needs, make sure we are a good fit and get the process started. I have advanced training in DBT and DBT-C, EMDR certified therapist, and I am a Registered Play Therapist-Supervisor and qualified supervisor in the state of Virginia.
(757) 222-4944 View (757) 222-4944
Photo of LaTisha Moore Diggs, Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
LaTisha Moore Diggs
Counselor, MA, LPC, CSAC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hi there.... My name is LaTisha Moore Diggs. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Virginia. I have over 25 years of diverse experience working with youth and adults including counseling (group and individual), juvenile justice, mental health skill building, as well as local social services agencies.
Hi there.... My name is LaTisha Moore Diggs. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Virginia. I have over 25 years of diverse experience working with youth and adults including counseling (group and individual), juvenile justice, mental health skill building, as well as local social services agencies.
(757) 210-7527 View (757) 210-7527
Photo of Beach Therapy & Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Beach Therapy & Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Beach Therapy & Consulting provides specialized services tailored to the individual’s needs. We offer individual counseling, marital/couples counseling, family therapy, and group therapy for DBT. We work collaboratively with primary care providers, pediatricians, and other medical providers to ensure coordination of care. Counseling services are available to individuals starting at age 8.
Beach Therapy & Consulting provides specialized services tailored to the individual’s needs. We offer individual counseling, marital/couples counseling, family therapy, and group therapy for DBT. We work collaboratively with primary care providers, pediatricians, and other medical providers to ensure coordination of care. Counseling services are available to individuals starting at age 8.
(757) 340-6100 View (757) 340-6100
Photo of Renee Stamps, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Virginia Beach, VA
Renee Stamps
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hello! Are you having a difficult time in life right now? Are your relationships struggling, are you struggling to maintain overall? I can help you overcome this and more, by providing therapy to suit your needs. My approach to therapy is a collaborative one, where I will work with you as an individual, family, or couple to reach your personal or relationship goals. Culturally speaking, as a Black American, I am most sensitive to the issues that are specific to Black people; particularly focusing on how to build stronger families in the Black community and how to cope with the stressors of our daily life experiences.
Hello! Are you having a difficult time in life right now? Are your relationships struggling, are you struggling to maintain overall? I can help you overcome this and more, by providing therapy to suit your needs. My approach to therapy is a collaborative one, where I will work with you as an individual, family, or couple to reach your personal or relationship goals. Culturally speaking, as a Black American, I am most sensitive to the issues that are specific to Black people; particularly focusing on how to build stronger families in the Black community and how to cope with the stressors of our daily life experiences.
(757) 693-9624 View (757) 693-9624
Photo of Jahaira Tavares, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Jahaira Tavares
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23451
Lately you’ve been feeling overwhelmed by day to day tasks. The small things don’t feel so small anymore and the simplest things feel daunting. Dealing with uncertainty feels really scary and you're not quite sure what your next move should be. You are open to trying a different path but not sure on what direction to go. Sometimes, getting started can be difficult. Let me help you navigate uncertainty and dark times. We all know life isn’t perfect but I can support you in learning useful tools that can help empower you through challenging times. Together, we can create a grounded self, ready for any and all of life’s obstacles.
Lately you’ve been feeling overwhelmed by day to day tasks. The small things don’t feel so small anymore and the simplest things feel daunting. Dealing with uncertainty feels really scary and you're not quite sure what your next move should be. You are open to trying a different path but not sure on what direction to go. Sometimes, getting started can be difficult. Let me help you navigate uncertainty and dark times. We all know life isn’t perfect but I can support you in learning useful tools that can help empower you through challenging times. Together, we can create a grounded self, ready for any and all of life’s obstacles.
(757) 844-5129 View (757) 844-5129
Photo of Recovery for Life, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Recovery for Life
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CSAC, MAC, ASAM
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Got a DUI? Drug possession charge? Recovery for Life / Affordable Substance Abuse Treatment (ASAT) is a state-approved agency that offers assessments and substance abuse treatment groups for people who struggle with addictions.
Got a DUI? Drug possession charge? Recovery for Life / Affordable Substance Abuse Treatment (ASAT) is a state-approved agency that offers assessments and substance abuse treatment groups for people who struggle with addictions.
(757) 384-9650 View (757) 384-9650
Photo of Gretchen Sherrill, Resident in Counseling in Virginia Beach, VA
Gretchen Sherrill
Resident in Counseling, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452  (Online Only)
Welcome. I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to helping individuals navigate life's challenges, find healing, and foster personal growth. I have had the privilege of assisting countless clients in their journey towards mental and emotional well-being. I look forward to the opportunity to work with you and support you on your path to personal growth and well-being.
Welcome. I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to helping individuals navigate life's challenges, find healing, and foster personal growth. I have had the privilege of assisting countless clients in their journey towards mental and emotional well-being. I look forward to the opportunity to work with you and support you on your path to personal growth and well-being.
(757) 801-3711 View (757) 801-3711
Photo of Danielle Taylor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Danielle Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455  (Online Only)
Licensed in Virginia. Life can be tough and there is so much that isn't under our control. Getting overwhelmed with emotions or self-critical thoughts only adds unnecessary suffering and therapy can help. I utilize a collaborative person-centered perspective that recognizes your expertise in your life. My practice is based upon use of mindfulness, narrative, cognitive and behavioral techniques to improve function in daily life. All of the work that I do is rooted in empathy and I am passionate about assisting clients through work, home and family stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, disability, grief and other life transitions.
Licensed in Virginia. Life can be tough and there is so much that isn't under our control. Getting overwhelmed with emotions or self-critical thoughts only adds unnecessary suffering and therapy can help. I utilize a collaborative person-centered perspective that recognizes your expertise in your life. My practice is based upon use of mindfulness, narrative, cognitive and behavioral techniques to improve function in daily life. All of the work that I do is rooted in empathy and I am passionate about assisting clients through work, home and family stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, disability, grief and other life transitions.
(757) 801-2634 View (757) 801-2634
Photo of Healing Hearts VA LLC, Resident in Counseling in Virginia Beach, VA
Healing Hearts VA LLC
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23451
Website: www.healingheartsva.com. She firmly believes in the saying, “He who has a ‘why’ to live for can bear almost any ‘how’”. Jessica describes herself as empathetic, compassionate, open minded, culturally sensitive, and encouraging. She is engaging, and has a natural ability at helping clients feel at ease. Jessica applies a holistic approach to healing which includes incorporating the mind, body and spirit in to her work with clients. She believes that every person has an internal capacity for healing, meaning, and positive change.
Website: www.healingheartsva.com. She firmly believes in the saying, “He who has a ‘why’ to live for can bear almost any ‘how’”. Jessica describes herself as empathetic, compassionate, open minded, culturally sensitive, and encouraging. She is engaging, and has a natural ability at helping clients feel at ease. Jessica applies a holistic approach to healing which includes incorporating the mind, body and spirit in to her work with clients. She believes that every person has an internal capacity for healing, meaning, and positive change.
(571) 568-7680 View (571) 568-7680
Photo of Marianne Redmond-Lopez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Marianne Redmond-Lopez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
I'm all about equipping folks with the right tools to help them level up fast and in a good way. I get it—your time and money matter, so I aim to keep things organized and focused on goals. Over the years, I've worked with all sorts of people dealing with their own unique situations. My specialties? Well, I've got a knack for helping out healthcare pros, therapists, first responders, teachers, folks in high-stress gigs, couples, those facing professional challenges, and anyone going through major life shifts.
I'm all about equipping folks with the right tools to help them level up fast and in a good way. I get it—your time and money matter, so I aim to keep things organized and focused on goals. Over the years, I've worked with all sorts of people dealing with their own unique situations. My specialties? Well, I've got a knack for helping out healthcare pros, therapists, first responders, teachers, folks in high-stress gigs, couples, those facing professional challenges, and anyone going through major life shifts.
(757) 529-8605 View (757) 529-8605
Photo of Kime Kenslow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Kime Kenslow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23454
Waitlist for new clients
My specialty lies in working with children, adolescents and adults who have experienced grief/loss and/or are dealing with residual trauma. I have an extensive history of working with pre-adolescent and adolescent girls in individual and group settings. I also offer counseling from a Christian perspective; utilizing a biblical approach to create coping skills in response to life stressors. I currently provide only individual therapy.
My specialty lies in working with children, adolescents and adults who have experienced grief/loss and/or are dealing with residual trauma. I have an extensive history of working with pre-adolescent and adolescent girls in individual and group settings. I also offer counseling from a Christian perspective; utilizing a biblical approach to create coping skills in response to life stressors. I currently provide only individual therapy.
(757) 785-0199 View (757) 785-0199
Photo of Sara McCullough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Sara McCullough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Not accepting new clients
Not Currently Accepting New Clients. Sometimes life can leave you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or out of control. Whether you are hurting from a specific situation or have struggled your entire life with anxiety, depression, or trauma- there is hope. Life happens to all of us and we find that as stress, trauma, bad habits, and behaviors build over time; our brain becomes “stuck” in unhealthy patterns of functioning as a way to cope with our environment. Contact me, if you are looking for a therapist that can go beyond talk therapy and uses a combination of brain-based therapy approaches and neurofeedback.
Not Currently Accepting New Clients. Sometimes life can leave you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or out of control. Whether you are hurting from a specific situation or have struggled your entire life with anxiety, depression, or trauma- there is hope. Life happens to all of us and we find that as stress, trauma, bad habits, and behaviors build over time; our brain becomes “stuck” in unhealthy patterns of functioning as a way to cope with our environment. Contact me, if you are looking for a therapist that can go beyond talk therapy and uses a combination of brain-based therapy approaches and neurofeedback.
(757) 210-5817 View (757) 210-5817
Photo of Ashton Ralston, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Ashton Ralston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DCEP
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23451  (Online Only)
Up to 25 % of the population is highly sensitive. Do you wonder if you are? Do you seem to notice things that others don't? Do you feel easily stressed or exhausted? Maybe you are anxious or get overstimulated easily. You may have even been misdiagnosed! Do you feel misunderstood because you are different? Perhaps you struggle with self compassion and confidence because you were told that "you're too sensitive." If any of this resonates with you let's have a free chat to find out if we are a good fit to work together. My specialty is educating HSPs to claim their sensitivity as their greatest asset!
Up to 25 % of the population is highly sensitive. Do you wonder if you are? Do you seem to notice things that others don't? Do you feel easily stressed or exhausted? Maybe you are anxious or get overstimulated easily. You may have even been misdiagnosed! Do you feel misunderstood because you are different? Perhaps you struggle with self compassion and confidence because you were told that "you're too sensitive." If any of this resonates with you let's have a free chat to find out if we are a good fit to work together. My specialty is educating HSPs to claim their sensitivity as their greatest asset!
(757) 847-5095 View (757) 847-5095
Photo of Jan Weintraub, Resident in Counseling in Virginia Beach, VA
Jan Weintraub
Resident in Counseling, MSEd
Not Verified Not Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Are you looking for relief from anxiety or stress? Do you want to find ways to overcome challenges in life? I can help you learn new ways to boost your happiness and well-being by applying new skills and strategies. I teach proven methods while taking an authentic, compassionate, and nonjudgmental approach.
Are you looking for relief from anxiety or stress? Do you want to find ways to overcome challenges in life? I can help you learn new ways to boost your happiness and well-being by applying new skills and strategies. I teach proven methods while taking an authentic, compassionate, and nonjudgmental approach.
(757) 909-5772 View (757) 909-5772
Photo of Yasmeen Burnell Lcsw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Yasmeen Burnell Lcsw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CYY 200
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23464  (Online Only)
Are you ready to explore mental health, enhance stress management skills, and cultivate healthier relationships? Perhaps you feel that mental health isn't directly relevant to you, but you're unsure about how to enhance your well-being. I specialize in empowering individuals to improve their body awareness and understand how daily choices impact mental health and relationships.
Are you ready to explore mental health, enhance stress management skills, and cultivate healthier relationships? Perhaps you feel that mental health isn't directly relevant to you, but you're unsure about how to enhance your well-being. I specialize in empowering individuals to improve their body awareness and understand how daily choices impact mental health and relationships.
(757) 798-7633 View (757) 798-7633
Photo of Rosa Avant, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Rosa Avant
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP, CSAC, EMDR, SUP-LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23464
I have a passion for working with individuals, families, and couples addressing issues such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, mood disorders, ADHD, Substance use, anger management, self-esteem, trauma, domestic and sexual violence, and relationship difficulties. I’m passionate about helping identify and break the link to generational trauma. I also provide Premarital counseling. Please visit https://truemissionservices.com/
I have a passion for working with individuals, families, and couples addressing issues such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, mood disorders, ADHD, Substance use, anger management, self-esteem, trauma, domestic and sexual violence, and relationship difficulties. I’m passionate about helping identify and break the link to generational trauma. I also provide Premarital counseling. Please visit https://truemissionservices.com/
(757) 347-8836 View (757) 347-8836

See more therapy options for Virginia Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
71% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Virginia Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.