Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Heath Salzman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Heath Salzman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MAC, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
At times, we all find ourselves pushed to the limits of what we can cope with. We work hard to escape familiar, painful cycles, only to end up where we began. Some of us are attempting to salvage marriages with spouses we dearly love, yet with whom we continue to engage in the same old arguments, losing hope that we can ever recover the connection we once had. Others may be battling crippling anxiety or trying to shake the cloud of depression that darkens our every step. We are left exhausted, discouraged, and hopeless.
At times, we all find ourselves pushed to the limits of what we can cope with. We work hard to escape familiar, painful cycles, only to end up where we began. Some of us are attempting to salvage marriages with spouses we dearly love, yet with whom we continue to engage in the same old arguments, losing hope that we can ever recover the connection we once had. Others may be battling crippling anxiety or trying to shake the cloud of depression that darkens our every step. We are left exhausted, discouraged, and hopeless.
(314) 907-3748 View (314) 907-3748
Photo of Kathleen Godefroid, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Kathleen Godefroid
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63129
Waitlist for new clients
I work with women to help rebuild a relationship with themselves that tells them they are good, and that the adversity they have experienced is not their fault. Many of my clients have experienced relational trauma that has silenced their voice, disconnected them from their emotions and bodily experience. I enjoy working with women on various issues including emotional abuse, powerlessness, relational issues (mother-daughter relationships), boundary issues, anxiety, depression, confusion and anger. I focus my energy into creating a safe space where you can begin to know and trust yourself, experiencing a sense of empowerment.
I work with women to help rebuild a relationship with themselves that tells them they are good, and that the adversity they have experienced is not their fault. Many of my clients have experienced relational trauma that has silenced their voice, disconnected them from their emotions and bodily experience. I enjoy working with women on various issues including emotional abuse, powerlessness, relational issues (mother-daughter relationships), boundary issues, anxiety, depression, confusion and anger. I focus my energy into creating a safe space where you can begin to know and trust yourself, experiencing a sense of empowerment.
(314) 742-8139 View (314) 742-8139
Photo of Moira Killoran in Saint Louis, MO
Moira Killoran
PLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I work with clients seeking deep and transformative healing. Together, we hold space to witness your inner world with curiosity and compassion to guide the once disconnected parts of you back to your self. Through this work, we support your system in releasing the burdens you have carried to reinstate a sense of wholeness and knowing. I am trans and queer affirming, trauma-informed, and anti-oppressionist.
I work with clients seeking deep and transformative healing. Together, we hold space to witness your inner world with curiosity and compassion to guide the once disconnected parts of you back to your self. Through this work, we support your system in releasing the burdens you have carried to reinstate a sense of wholeness and knowing. I am trans and queer affirming, trauma-informed, and anti-oppressionist.
(314) 461-1748 View (314) 461-1748
Photo of Master Mind Hypnosis in Saint Louis, MO
Master Mind Hypnosis
CCH
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132
"...hypnosis is not mind control. It's a naturally occurring state of concentration; It's actually a means of enhancing your control over both your mind and your body." Dr. David Spiegel, Assoc. Chair of Psychiatry (Stanford University School of Medicine). Hypnosis is a powerful tool that helps people change behavior, improve emotional response and physical wellbeing. Through hypnosis, you can improve study habits, reduce stress and bost self-esteem...Wehn it is difficult to control appetite, sleep or stress, hypnosis will help you change in a positive way faster with more comfort.
"...hypnosis is not mind control. It's a naturally occurring state of concentration; It's actually a means of enhancing your control over both your mind and your body." Dr. David Spiegel, Assoc. Chair of Psychiatry (Stanford University School of Medicine). Hypnosis is a powerful tool that helps people change behavior, improve emotional response and physical wellbeing. Through hypnosis, you can improve study habits, reduce stress and bost self-esteem...Wehn it is difficult to control appetite, sleep or stress, hypnosis will help you change in a positive way faster with more comfort.
(314) 403-7245 View (314) 403-7245
Photo of Tiffany Burke, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Tiffany Burke
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Tiffany Burke is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri and Maryland. She has 9 years of experience providing individualized services to adults struggling with mental health and substance use. Tiffany completed her undergraduate work at Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville with a double major in Psychology and Criminal Justice and received her Master of Arts in Counseling at Lindenwood University in Belleville, IL.
Tiffany Burke is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri and Maryland. She has 9 years of experience providing individualized services to adults struggling with mental health and substance use. Tiffany completed her undergraduate work at Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville with a double major in Psychology and Criminal Justice and received her Master of Arts in Counseling at Lindenwood University in Belleville, IL.
(314) 470-9893 View (314) 470-9893
Photo of Mallory Cohn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Mallory Cohn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63128
I'm passionate about helping adults and couples find healing, empowerment, growth, and meaning in their lives. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, identity development, relationship and attachment issues, life transitions, and grief. I'm especially dedicated to working with LGBTQIA+ and nonmonogamous clients. I practice from a humanistic standpoint, integrating psychodynamic, behavioral, and mindfulness-based strategies drawn from a variety of approaches in order to personalize therapy to the individual client’s values, goals, and strengths.
I'm passionate about helping adults and couples find healing, empowerment, growth, and meaning in their lives. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, identity development, relationship and attachment issues, life transitions, and grief. I'm especially dedicated to working with LGBTQIA+ and nonmonogamous clients. I practice from a humanistic standpoint, integrating psychodynamic, behavioral, and mindfulness-based strategies drawn from a variety of approaches in order to personalize therapy to the individual client’s values, goals, and strengths.
(314) 886-8640 View (314) 886-8640
Photo of Laura Peroutka, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Laura Peroutka
Licensed Professional Counselor, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Through a focus on insight and empowerment, I help clients heal wounds incurred against their bodies, minds and/or spirit allowing them to feel stronger, more accepting, more whole, more clear, and more motivated for change. I have a special interest in issues such as trauma/PTSD, self-esteem, identity, perfectionism, loss, anger, depression and life transitions. My style is empathic and supportive, but also truthful and authentic. When appropriate I will utilize my sense of humor, celebrate small steps, and seek out the simple joys that can guide us through dark times.
Through a focus on insight and empowerment, I help clients heal wounds incurred against their bodies, minds and/or spirit allowing them to feel stronger, more accepting, more whole, more clear, and more motivated for change. I have a special interest in issues such as trauma/PTSD, self-esteem, identity, perfectionism, loss, anger, depression and life transitions. My style is empathic and supportive, but also truthful and authentic. When appropriate I will utilize my sense of humor, celebrate small steps, and seek out the simple joys that can guide us through dark times.
(314) 736-3649 View (314) 736-3649
Photo of Melissa Fasoldt, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Melissa Fasoldt
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Are you struggling with various relationships in your life? Do you feel guilty when you try to set boundaries that would be in your best interest? I believe boundaries are essential for our mental health. I help my clients understand their feelings while providing a safe and comforting environment.
Are you struggling with various relationships in your life? Do you feel guilty when you try to set boundaries that would be in your best interest? I believe boundaries are essential for our mental health. I help my clients understand their feelings while providing a safe and comforting environment.
(314) 451-7594 View (314) 451-7594
Photo of Summer Morefield, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Summer Morefield
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63135  (Online Only)
I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, SUD’s, career challenges, OCD and ADHD. I also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse. My counseling style is warm and empathic. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic and rational-emotive counseling.
I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, SUD’s, career challenges, OCD and ADHD. I also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse. My counseling style is warm and empathic. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic and rational-emotive counseling.
(314) 742-7857 View (314) 742-7857
Photo of Tim Gravier, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Tim Gravier
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141  (Online Only)
Stress? Anxiety? Feeling stuck? Let’s talk! Things impact our mental health each day, making us feel stuck. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Motivational Interviewing, yet incorporate other modalities to assist in coping with depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, and the stressors of your daily life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri since 2004 with a Bachelor’s in Psychology and Masters of Education in Counseling. I am certified as an Executive Coach and a Six Sigma Green Belt in Process Improvement.
Stress? Anxiety? Feeling stuck? Let’s talk! Things impact our mental health each day, making us feel stuck. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Motivational Interviewing, yet incorporate other modalities to assist in coping with depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, and the stressors of your daily life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri since 2004 with a Bachelor’s in Psychology and Masters of Education in Counseling. I am certified as an Executive Coach and a Six Sigma Green Belt in Process Improvement.
(314) 742-8276 View (314) 742-8276
Photo of Understanding Minds Psychological Services, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Understanding Minds Psychological Services
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63123
Understanding Minds provides trusted, confidential, and comprehensive mental health services. Our supportive team of providers take a proactive approach with assessment, collaborative treatment planning, progress review, and validated approaches to make progress achievable. Your needs are important to us, and we strive to offer the best possible experience in mental healthcare. This is why we have administrative staff available to assist you 5 days a week and we request feedback from you about your experience and fit with your provider.
Understanding Minds provides trusted, confidential, and comprehensive mental health services. Our supportive team of providers take a proactive approach with assessment, collaborative treatment planning, progress review, and validated approaches to make progress achievable. Your needs are important to us, and we strive to offer the best possible experience in mental healthcare. This is why we have administrative staff available to assist you 5 days a week and we request feedback from you about your experience and fit with your provider.
(314) 897-7736 View (314) 897-7736
Photo of A R Therapy & Consulting LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
A R Therapy & Consulting LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CAMS-I, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132  (Online Only)
You might look like you have everything under control, and from the outside, your life seems picture-perfect. Yet, inside, you're battling overwhelming stress, anxiety, or sadness. Are past traumas still affecting your present? Perhaps setting boundaries is a struggle, leaving you feeling exhausted and unloved. Are you questioning some life choices and desperately need a space to organize your thoughts and regain control? Anxiety and depression are tough; are they keeping you awake or pulling you down?
You might look like you have everything under control, and from the outside, your life seems picture-perfect. Yet, inside, you're battling overwhelming stress, anxiety, or sadness. Are past traumas still affecting your present? Perhaps setting boundaries is a struggle, leaving you feeling exhausted and unloved. Are you questioning some life choices and desperately need a space to organize your thoughts and regain control? Anxiety and depression are tough; are they keeping you awake or pulling you down?
(314) 310-6095 View (314) 310-6095
Photo of Clayton A. Clark, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Clayton A. Clark
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Something’s not right, and maybe it hasn’t been for a while, but you know it’s time to make some changes. If you (or you & your partner) need help making that change, I’d be honored to work with you. I take a flexible approach, bringing thoughtfulness and creativity to the process to meet you where you are. Here are areas I help people with most often: anxiety & stress, depression, couples counseling (Gottman Method), trauma (Brainspotting), career counseling & life design, substance use & addiction, men's issues, life transitions, anger, mindfulness, and grief.
Something’s not right, and maybe it hasn’t been for a while, but you know it’s time to make some changes. If you (or you & your partner) need help making that change, I’d be honored to work with you. I take a flexible approach, bringing thoughtfulness and creativity to the process to meet you where you are. Here are areas I help people with most often: anxiety & stress, depression, couples counseling (Gottman Method), trauma (Brainspotting), career counseling & life design, substance use & addiction, men's issues, life transitions, anger, mindfulness, and grief.
(314) 666-6308 View (314) 666-6308
Photo of Rosette M Signorelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Rosette M Signorelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, ACSW, LCSW, CGT
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
In Rosette Signorelli's private general practice, her mission is to compassionately collaborate with her client to attain peace of mind and heart, build self-confidence and self-esteem, discover core issues, and use gentle realignment processes to inspire a spiritual journey toward a passionate life.
In Rosette Signorelli's private general practice, her mission is to compassionately collaborate with her client to attain peace of mind and heart, build self-confidence and self-esteem, discover core issues, and use gentle realignment processes to inspire a spiritual journey toward a passionate life.
(314) 644-3366 View (314) 644-3366
Photo of Nigel Cook, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Nigel Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
Sexuality should be celebrated! Society often makes it difficult for people to express themselves in this way, and therefore I try to offer a space for clients to freely explore all aspects of their sexuality without judgement. In my practice, I work collaboratively with clients to develop sexual communication skills, process shame associated with sexuality, and learn how to practice safer (more pleasurable) sex. I have experience with many types of clients, including LGBTQ+ people, femme-people, sex workers, and people discovering themselves later in life.
Sexuality should be celebrated! Society often makes it difficult for people to express themselves in this way, and therefore I try to offer a space for clients to freely explore all aspects of their sexuality without judgement. In my practice, I work collaboratively with clients to develop sexual communication skills, process shame associated with sexuality, and learn how to practice safer (more pleasurable) sex. I have experience with many types of clients, including LGBTQ+ people, femme-people, sex workers, and people discovering themselves later in life.
(539) 245-6060 View (539) 245-6060
Photo of L. Charlie Janski-Ogunfidodo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
L. Charlie Janski-Ogunfidodo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118  (Online Only)
During my career, I have worked with both individual and group settings, including adults with people living with HIV, veterans, incarcerated people and transgender/gender variant individuals. These populations included people with depression, bi-polar disorder, personality disorders, anxiety, PTSD and depression. I co-facilitated a group for trans youth and co-coordinated it for 6 years. As a proud bisexual, trans man, I love to work with my LGBT communities. I celebrate kinky and poly people. I strive to be an imperfect ally to non-binary trans people and people of color. I take private pay/in person through findingnormalstl.com
During my career, I have worked with both individual and group settings, including adults with people living with HIV, veterans, incarcerated people and transgender/gender variant individuals. These populations included people with depression, bi-polar disorder, personality disorders, anxiety, PTSD and depression. I co-facilitated a group for trans youth and co-coordinated it for 6 years. As a proud bisexual, trans man, I love to work with my LGBT communities. I celebrate kinky and poly people. I strive to be an imperfect ally to non-binary trans people and people of color. I take private pay/in person through findingnormalstl.com
(314) 350-4422 View (314) 350-4422
Photo of Ann Herman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Ann Herman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132
As women, we carry the weight of societal expectations, past traumas, and the pressures of daily life at the expense of our mind, body, and spirit. To the world, you're perfectly put together. But on the inside, we both know the superwoman thing is getting exhausting. You're craving a safe space where you can take off the cape for a while and talk about what's on your mind and in your heart.
As women, we carry the weight of societal expectations, past traumas, and the pressures of daily life at the expense of our mind, body, and spirit. To the world, you're perfectly put together. But on the inside, we both know the superwoman thing is getting exhausting. You're craving a safe space where you can take off the cape for a while and talk about what's on your mind and in your heart.
(314) 860-7884 View (314) 860-7884
Photo of Haddon Kellahan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Haddon Kellahan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Many of us get to a point in life where we realize that we cannot keep doing what we've always done. We are tired, discouraged, and unsure of how things could ever change. Maybe you've been fighting addictive behavior, or perhaps you are feeling weighed down by relentless depression/anxiety? Maybe you and your spouse are constantly arguing and wonder if things could ever get back to the way they used to be? You have tried and hoped for things to be different, but they just aren't...
Many of us get to a point in life where we realize that we cannot keep doing what we've always done. We are tired, discouraged, and unsure of how things could ever change. Maybe you've been fighting addictive behavior, or perhaps you are feeling weighed down by relentless depression/anxiety? Maybe you and your spouse are constantly arguing and wonder if things could ever get back to the way they used to be? You have tried and hoped for things to be different, but they just aren't...
(636) 442-0427 View (636) 442-0427
Photo of Claire Pfeifer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Claire Pfeifer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Hi! Are you looking for a nonjudgmental space to process your feelings? Maybe emotions are overwhelming, and we need to take a step back and learn how to name and locate what you are feeling first. I work with clients of diverse backgrounds, sexual orientations, genders, and relationship structures. I specialize in assisting adults and couples to recognize and disrupt existing patterns learned throughout their lives, which can affect them in multiple ways. Additionally, I offer practical skills that can be applied immediately to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, and relationship issues, thereby improving overall functioning.
Hi! Are you looking for a nonjudgmental space to process your feelings? Maybe emotions are overwhelming, and we need to take a step back and learn how to name and locate what you are feeling first. I work with clients of diverse backgrounds, sexual orientations, genders, and relationship structures. I specialize in assisting adults and couples to recognize and disrupt existing patterns learned throughout their lives, which can affect them in multiple ways. Additionally, I offer practical skills that can be applied immediately to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, and relationship issues, thereby improving overall functioning.
(314) 207-9308 View (314) 207-9308
Photo of Susie Berg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Susie Berg
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC, CPAT
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I believe a core element of growth lies in the understanding that the only thing you have control over is your thinking and response to any given situation. I seek to provide an atmosphere of non-judgmental support so that you can educate and empower yourself to no longer believe your happiness and contentment lies in anything outside yourself. I invite you, from the heart, to start your journey and discover how to take charge of your wellbeing.
I believe a core element of growth lies in the understanding that the only thing you have control over is your thinking and response to any given situation. I seek to provide an atmosphere of non-judgmental support so that you can educate and empower yourself to no longer believe your happiness and contentment lies in anything outside yourself. I invite you, from the heart, to start your journey and discover how to take charge of your wellbeing.
(314) 470-9217 View (314) 470-9217

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$126

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.